S.Amdt. 1472

1. Rewrites subtitle F of title IX

   Replaces

   In S. 14 · Placed on Calendar Senate

   Struck: Subtitle F--Science

   SEC. 961. SCIENCE.

   (a) In General.--The following sums are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary for research, development, demonstration, and commercial application activities of the Office of Science, including activities authorized under this subtitle, including the amounts authorized under the amendment made by section 967(c)(2)(D), and including basic energy sciences, advanced scientific and computing research, biological and environmental research, fusion energy sciences, high energy physics, nuclear physics, and research analysis and infrastructure support[struck: :][inserted: --]

   (1) for fiscal year 2004, $3,785,000,000;

   (2) for fiscal year 2005, $4,153,000,000;

   (3) for fiscal year 2006, $4,586,000,000;

   (4) for fiscal year 2007, $5,000,000,000; and

   (5) [struck: For][inserted: for] fiscal year 2008, $5,400,000,000.

   (b) Allocations.--From amounts authorized under subsection (a), the following sums are authorized:

   (1) For activities of the Fusion Energy Sciences Program, including activities under section 962--

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   (A) for fiscal year 2004, $335,000,000;

   (B) for fiscal year 2005, $349,000,000;

   (C) for fiscal year 2006, $362,000,000;

   (D) for fiscal year 2007, $377,000,000; and

   (E) for fiscal year 2008, $393,000,000.

   (2) For the Spallation Neutron Source--

   (A) for construction in fiscal year 2004, $124,600,000;

   (B) for construction in fiscal year 2005, $79,800,000;

   (C) for completion of construction in fiscal year 2006, $41,100,000; and

   (D) for other project costs (including research and development necessary to complete the project, preoperations costs, and capital equipment related to construction), $103,279,000 for the period encompassing fiscal years 2003 through 2006, to remain available until expended through September 30, 2006.

   (3) For Catalysis Research activities under section 965--

   (A) for fiscal year 2004, $33,000,000;

   (B) for fiscal year 2005, $35,000,000;

   (C) for fiscal year 2006, $36,500,000;

   (D) for fiscal year 2007, $38,200,000; and

   (E) for fiscal year 2008, $40,100,000.

   (4) For Nanoscale Science and Engineering Research activities under section 966--

   (A) for fiscal year 2004, $270,000,000;

   (B) for fiscal year 2005, $290,000,000;

   (C) for fiscal year 2006, $310,000,000;

   (D) for fiscal year 2007, $330,000,000; and

   (E) for fiscal year 2008, $375,000,000.

   (5) For activities under subsection 966(c), from the amounts authorized under subparagraph (4)--

   (A) for fiscal year 2004, $135,000,000;

   (B) for fiscal year 2005, $150,000,000;

   (C) for fiscal year 2006, $120,000,000;

   (D) for fiscal year 2007, $100,000,000; and

   (E) for fiscal year 2008, $125,000,000.

   (6) For activities in the Genomes to Life Program under section 968--

   (A) for fiscal year 2004, $100,000,000;

   (B) for fiscal year 2005, $170,000,000;

   (C) for fiscal year 2006, $325,000,000;

   (D) for fiscal year 2007, $415,000,000; and

   (E) for fiscal year 2008, $455,000,000.

   (7) For construction and ancillary equipment of the Genomes to Life User Facilities under section 968(d), of funds authorized under (6)--

   (A) for fiscal year 2004, $16,000,000;

   (B) for fiscal year 2005, $70,000,000;

   (C) for fiscal year 2006, $175,000,000;

   (D) for fiscal year 2007, $215,000,000; and

   (E) for fiscal year 2008, $205,000,000.

   (8) For activities in the Water Supply Technologies Program under section 970, $30,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2004 through 2008.

   (c) In addition to the funds authorized under subsection (b)(1), the following sums are authorized for construction costs associated with the ITER project under section 962--

   (1) for fiscal year 2006, $55,000,000;

   (2) for fiscal year 2007, $95,000,000; and

   (3) for fiscal year 2008, $115,000,000.

   Inserted: (d)(1) In addition to the funds authorized under subsection (b)(1), there are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary, for crosscutting programs under section 968(e), $25,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2004 through 2008.

   Inserted: (2) From the sums authorized in paragraph (1), at least one consortium under section 968(e) shall be provided with not less than $10,000,000 in each fiscal year.

   SEC. 962. UNITED STATES PARTICIPATION IN ITER.

   (a) Participation.--

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   (1) The Secretary of Energy is authorized to undertake full scientific and technological cooperation in the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor project (referred to in this title as "ITER").

   (2) In the event that ITER fails to go forward within a reasonable period of time, the Secretary shall send to Congress a plan, including costs and schedules, for implementing the domestic burning plasma experiment known as the Fusion Ignition Research Experiment. Such a plan shall be developed with full consultation with the Fusion Energy Sciences Advisory Committee and be reviewed by the National Research Council.

   (3) It is the intent of Congress that such sums shall be largely for work performed in the United States and that such work contributes the maximum amount possible to the U.S. scientific and technological base.

   (b) Planning.--

   (1) Not later than 180 days of the date of enactment of this act, the Secretary shall present to Congress a plan, with proposed cost estimates, budgets and potential international partners, for the implementation of the goals of this section. The plan shall ensure that--

   (A) existing fusion research facilities are more fully utilized;

   (B) fusion science, technology, theory, advanced computation, modeling and simulation are strengthened;

   (C) new magnetic and inertial fusion research facilities are selected based on scientific innovation, cost effectiveness, and their potential to advance the goal of practical fusion energy at the earliest date possible, and those that are selected are funded at a cost-effective rate;

   (D) communication of scientific results and methods between the fusion energy science community and the broader scientific and technology communities is improved;

   (E) inertial confinement fusion facilities are utilized to the extent practicable for the purpose of inertial fusion energy research and development; and

   (F) attractive alternative inertial and magnetic fusion energy approaches are more fully explored.

   (2) Such plan shall also address the status of and, to the degree possible, costs and schedules for--

   (A) in coordination with the program in section 969, the design and implementation of international or national facilities for the testing of fusion materials; and

   (B) the design and implementation of international or national facilities for the testing and development of key fusion technologies.

   SEC. 963. SPALLATION NEUTRON SOURCE.

   (a) Definition.--For the purposes of this section, the term "Spallation Neutron Source" means Department Project 9909E 09334, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee.

   (b) Report.--The Secretary shall report on the Spallation Neutron Source as part of the Department's annual budget submission, including a description of the achievement of milestones, a comparison of actual costs to estimated costs, and any changes in estimated project costs or schedule.

   (c) Authorization of Appropriations.--The total amount obligated by the Department, including prior year appropriations, for the Spallation Neutron Source may not exceed--

   (1) $1,192,700,000 for costs of construction;

   (2) $219,000,000 for other project costs; and

   (3) $1,411,700,000 for total project cost.

   SEC. 964. SUPPORT FOR SCIENCE AND ENERGY FACILITIES AND INFRASTRUCTURE.

   (a) Facility and Infrastructure Policy.--The Secretary shall develop and implement a strategy for facilities and infrastructure supported primarily from the Office of Science, the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, the Office of Fossil Energy, or the Office of Nuclear Energy, Science and Technology Programs at all national laboratories and single-purpose research facilities. Such strategy shall provide cost-effective means for--

   (1) maintaining existing facilities and infrastructure, as needed;

   (2) closing unneeded facilities;

   (3) making facility modifications; and

   (4) building new facilities.

   (b) Report.--

   (1) The Secretary shall prepare and transmit, along with the President's budget request to the Congress for fiscal year 2006, a report containing the strategy developed under subsection (a).

   (2) For each national laboratory and single-purpose research facility, for the facilities primarily used for science and energy research, such report shall contain--

   (A) the current priority list of proposed facilities and infrastructure projects, including cost and schedule requirements;

   (B) a current ten-year plan that demonstrates the reconfiguration of its facilities and infrastructure to meet its missions and to address its long-term operational costs and return on investment;

   (C) the total current budget for all facilities and infrastructure funding; and

   (D) the current status of each facility and infrastructure project compared to the original baseline cost, schedule, and scope.

   SEC. 965. CATALYSIS RESEARCH PROGRAM.

   (a) Establishment.--The Secretary, through the Office of Science, shall support a program of research and development in catalysis science consistent with the Department's statutory authorities related to research and development. The program shall include efforts to--

   (1) enable catalyst design using combinations of experimental and mechanistic methodologies coupled with computational modeling of catalytic reactions at the molecular level;

   (2) develop techniques for high throughput synthesis, assay, and characterization at nanometer and sub-nanometer scales in situ under actual operating conditions[struck: :][inserted: ;]

   (3) synthesize catalysts with specific site architectures;

   (4) conduct research on the use of precious metals for catalysis; and

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   (5) translate molecular understanding to the design of catalytic compounds.

   (b) Duties of the Office of Science.--In carrying out this program, the Director of the Office of Science shall--

   (1) support both individual investigators and multidisciplinary teams of investigators to pioneer new approaches in catalytic design;

   (2) develop, plan, construct, acquire, share, or operate special equipment or facilities for the use of investigators in collaboration with national user facilities such as nanoscience and engineering centers;

   (3) support technology transfer activities to benefit industry and other users of catalysis science and engineering; and

   (4) coordinate research and development activities with industry and other federal agencies.

   (c) Triennial Assessment.--The National Academy of Sciences shall review the catalysis program every three years to report on gains made in the fundamental science of catalysis and its progress towards developing new fuels for energy production and material fabrication processes.

   SEC. 966. NANOSCALE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING RESEARCH.

   (a) Establishment.--The Secretary, acting through the Office of Science, shall support a program of research, development, demonstration, and commercial application in nanoscience and nanoengineering. The program shall include efforts to further the understanding of the chemistry, physics, materials science, and engineering of phenomena on the scale of nanometers and to apply this knowledge to the Department's mission areas.

   (b) Duties of the Office of Science.--In carrying out the program under this section, the Office of Science shall--

   (1) support both individual investigators and teams of investigators, including multidisciplinary teams;

   (2) carry out activities under subsection (c);

   (3) support technology transfer activities to benefit industry and other users of nanoscience and nanoengineering; and

   (4) coordinate research and development activities with other DOE programs, industry and other Federal agencies.

   (c) Nanoscience and Nanoengineering Research Centers and Major Instrumentation.--

   (1) The Secretary shall carry out projects to develop, plan, construct, acquire, operate, or support special equipment, instrumentation, or facilities for investigators conducting research and development in nanoscience and nanoengineering.

   (2) Projects under paragraph (1) may include the measurement of properties at the scale of nanometers, manipulation at such scales, and the integration of technologies based on nanoscience or nanoengineering into bulk materials or other technologies.

   (3) Facilities under paragraph (1) may include electron microcharacterization facilities, microlithography facilities, scanning probe facilities, and related instrumentation.

   (4) The Secretary shall encourage collaborations among DOE programs, institutions of higher education, laboratories, and industry at facilities under this subsection.

   SEC. 967. ADVANCED SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING FOR ENERGY MISSIONS.

   (a) In General.--The Secretary, acting through the Office of Science, shall support a program to advance the Nation's computing capability across a diverse set of grand challenge, computationally based, science problems related to departmental missions.

   (b) Duties of the Office of Science.--In carrying out the program under this section, the Office of Science shall--

   (1) advance basic science through computation by developing software to solve grand challenge science problems on new generations of computing platforms in collaboration with other DOE program offices;

   (2) enhance the foundations for scientific computing by developing the basic mathematical and computing systems software needed to take full advantage of the computing capabilities of computers with peak speeds of 100 teraflops or more, some of which may be unique to the scientific problem of interest;

   (3) enhance national collaboratory and networking capabilities by developing software to integrate geographically separated researchers into effective research teams and to facilitate access to and movement and analysis of large (petabyte) data sets;

   (4) maintain a robust scientific computing hardware infrastructure to ensure that the computing resources needed to address departmental missions are available; and

   (5) explore new computing approaches and technologies that promise to advance scientific computing including developments in quantum computing.

   (c) High-Performance Computing Act of 1991 Amendments.--The [struck: High- Performance ][inserted: High-Performance ]Computing Act of 1991 is amended--

   (1) in section 4 (15 U.S.C. 5503)--

   (A) in paragraph (3) by striking "means" and inserting [struck: "]and 'networking and information technology' mean", and by striking "(including vector supercomputers and large scale parallel systems)"; and

   (B) in paragraph (4), by striking "packet switched"; and

   (2) in section 203 (15 U.S.C. 5523)--

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   (A) in subsection (a), by striking all after "As part of the" and inserting: "Networking and Information Technology Research and Development Program, the Secretary of Energy shall conduct basic and applied research in networking and information technology, with emphasis on supporting fundamental research in the physical sciences and engineering, and energy applications; providing supercomputer access and advanced communication capabilities and facilities to scientific researchers; and developing tools for distributed scientific collaboration.";

   (B) in subsection (b), by striking "Program" and inserting "Networking and Information Technology Research and Development Program"; and

   (C) by amending subsection (e) to read as follows:

   [struck: "](e) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary of Energy to carry out the Networking and Information Technology Research and Development Program such sums as may be necessary for fiscal years 2004 through 2008.".

   (d) Coordination.--The Secretary shall ensure that the program under this section is integrated and consistent with--

   (1) the Accelerated Strategic Computing Initiative of the National Nuclear Security Administration; and

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   (2) other national efforts related to advanced scientific computing for science and engineering.

   SEC. 968. GENOMES TO LIFE PROGRAM.

   (a) Establishment.--The Secretary shall carry out a program of research, development, demonstration, and commercial application, to be known as the Genomes to Life Program, in systems biology and proteomics consistent with the Department's statutory authorities.

   (b) Planning.--

   (1) The Secretary shall prepare a program plan describing how knowledge and capabilities would be developed by the program and applied to Department missions relating to energy security, environmental cleanup, and national security.

   (2) The program plan will be developed in consultation with other relevant Department technology programs.

   (3) The program plan shall focus science and technology on long-term goals, including--

   (A) contributing to U.S. independence from foreign energy sources, including production of hydrogen;

   (B) converting carbon dioxide to organic carbon;

   (C) advancing environmental cleanup;

   (D) providing the science and technology for new biotechnology industries; and

   (E) improving national security and combating bioterrorism.

   (4) The program plan shall establish specific short-term goals and update these goals with the Secretary's annual budget submission.

   (c) Program Execution.--In carrying out the program under this Act, the Secretary shall--

   (1) support individual investigators and multidisciplinary teams of investigators;

   (2) subject to subsection (d), develop, plan, construct, acquire, or operate special equipment or facilities for the use of investigators conducting research, development, demonstration, or commercial application in systems biology and proteomics;

   (3) support technology transfer activities to benefit industry and other users of systems biology and proteomics; and

   (4) coordinate activities by the Department with industry and other federal agencies.

   (d) Genomes to Life User Facilities and Ancillary Equipment.--

   (1) Within the funds authorized to be appropriated pursuant to this Act, the amounts specified under section 961(b)(7) shall, subject to appropriations, be available for projects to develop, plan, construct, acquire, or operate special equipment, instrumentation, or facilities for investigators conducting research, development, demonstration, and commercial application in systems biology and proteomics and associated biological disciplines.

   (2) Projects under paragraph (1) may include--

   (A) the identification and characterization of multiprotein complexes;

   (B) characterization of gene regulatory networks;

   (C) characterization of the functional repertoire of complex microbial communities in their natural environments at the molecular level; and

   (D) development of computational methods and capabilities to advance understanding of complex biological systems and predict their behavior.

   (3) Facilities under paragraph (1) may include facilities, equipment, or instrumentation for--

   (A) the production and characterization of proteins;

   (B) whole proteome analysis;

   (C) characterization and imaging of molecular machines; and

   (D) analysis and modeling of cellular systems.

   (4) The Secretary shall encourage collaborations among universities, laboratories and industry at facilities under this subsection. All facilities under this subsection shall have a specific mission of technology transfer to other institutions.

   Inserted: (e) Crosscutting Research with Nanotechnology Programs.--The Secretary shall support one or more consortia to integrate nanotechnology and microfluidic tools with research and development in genomics, systems biology, immunology, and molecular imaging.

   SEC. 969. FISSION AND FUSION ENERGY MATERIALS RESEARCH PROGRAM.

   In the President's fiscal year 2006 budget request, the Secretary shall establish a research and development program on material science issues presented by advanced fission reactors and the Department's fusion energy program. The program shall develop a catalog of material properties required for these applications, develop theoretical models for materials possessing the required properties, benchmark models against existing data, and develop a roadmap to guide further research and development in this area.

   SEC. 970. ENERGY-WATER SUPPLY TECHNOLOGIES PROGRAM.

   (a) Establishment.--There is established within the Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, the "[struck: Energy- Water ][inserted: Energy-Water ]Supply Technologies Program," to study energy-related issues associated with water resources and municipal waterworks and to study water supply issues related to energy production.

   (b) Definitions.--

   (1) The term "Foundation" means the American Water Works Association Research Foundation.

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   (2) The term "Indian tribe" has the meaning given the term in section 4 of the Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 450b).

   (3) The term "Program" means the Water Supply Technologies Program established by section 970(a).

   (c) Program Areas.--The program shall conduct research and development, including--

   (1) arsenic removal under subsection (d);

   (2) desalination research program under subsection (e);

   (3) the water and energy sustainability program under subsection (f); and

   (4) other energy-intensive water supply and treatment technologies and other technologies selected by the Secretary.

   (d) Arsenic Removal Program.--

   (1) As soon as practicable after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall enter into a contract with the Foundation to utilize the facilities, institutions and relationships established in the "Consolidated Appropriations Resolution, 2003" as described in Senate Report 107-220 that will carry out a research program to develop and demonstrate innovative arsenic removal technologies.

   (2) In carrying out the arsenic removal program, the Foundation shall, to the maximum extent practicable, conduct research on means of--

   (A) reducing energy costs incurred in using arsenic removal technologies;

   (B) minimizing materials, operating, and maintenance costs incurred in using arsenic removal technologies; and

   (C) minimizing any quantities of waste (especially hazardous waste) that result from use of arsenic removal technologies.

   (3) The Foundation shall carry out peer-reviewed research and demonstration projects to develop and demonstrate water purification technologies.

   (4) In carrying out the arsenic removal program--

   (A) demonstration projects will be implemented with municipal water system partners to demonstrate the applicability of innovative arsenic removal technologies in areas with different water chemistries representative of areas across the United States with arsenic levels near or exceeding EPA guidelines; and

   (B) not less than 40 percent of the funds of the Department used for demonstration projects under the arsenic removal program shall be expended on projects focused on needs of and in partnership with rural communities or Indian tribes.

   (5) The Foundation shall develop evaluations of cost effectiveness of arsenic removal technologies used in the program and an education, training, and technology transfer component for the program.

   (6) The Secretary shall consult with the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency to ensure that activities under the arsenic removal program are coordinated with appropriate programs of the Environmental Protection Agency and other federal agencies, state programs and academia.

   (7) Not later than 1 year after the date of commencement of the arsenic removal program, and annually thereafter, the Secretary shall submit to Congress a report on the results of the arsenic removal program.

   (e) Desalination Program.--

   (1) The Secretary, in cooperation with the Commissioner of Reclamation, shall carry out a desalination research program in accordance with the desalination technology progress plan developed in Title II of the Energy and Water Development Appropriations Act, 2002 (115 Stat. 498), and described in Senate Report 107-39 under the heading "WATER AND RELATED RESOURCES" in the "BUREAU OF RECLAMATION" section.

   (2) The desalination program shall--

   (A) draw on the national laboratory partnership established with the Bureau of Reclamation to develop the January 2003 national Desalination and Water Purification Technology Roadmap for next-generation desalination technology;

   (B) focus on research relating to, and development and demonstration of, technologies that are appropriate for use in desalinating brackish groundwater, wastewater and other saline water supplies; disposal of residual brine or salt; and

   (C) consider the use of renewable energy sources.

   (3) Under the desalination program, funds made available may be used for construction projects, including completion of the National Desalination Research Center for brackish groundwater and ongoing facility operational costs.

   (4) The Secretary and the Commissioner of Reclamation shall jointly establish a steering committee for the desalination program. The steering committee shall be jointly chaired by 1 representative from this Program and 1 representative from the Bureau of Reclamation.

   (f) Water and Energy Sustainability Program.--

   (1) The Secretary shall carry out a research program to develop understanding and technologies to assist in ensuring that sufficient quantities of water are available to meet present and future requirements.

   (2) Under this program and in collaboration with other programs within the Department including those within the Offices of Fossil Energy and Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, the Secretary of the Interior, Army Corps of Engineers, Environmental Protection Agency, Department of Commerce, Department of Defense, state agencies, non-governmental agencies and academia, the Secretary shall assess the current state of knowledge and program activities concerning--

   (A) future water resources needed to support energy production within the United States including but not limited to the water needs for hydropower and [struck: thermo- electric ][inserted: thermo-electric ]power generation;

   (B) future energy resources needed to support development of water purification and treatment including desalination and long-distance water conveyance;

   (C) reuse and treatment of water produced as a [struck: by- product ][inserted: by-product ]of oil and gas extraction;

   (D) use of impaired and non-traditional water supplies for energy production and other uses; and

   (E) technologies to reduce water use in energy production.

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   (3) In addition to the assessments in (2), the Secretary shall--

   (A) develop a research plan defining the scientific and technology development needs and activities required to support long-term water needs and planning for energy sustainability, use of impaired water for energy production and other uses, and reduction of water use in energy production;

   (B) carry out the research plan required under (A) including development of numerical models, decision analysis tools, economic analysis tools, databases, planning methodologies and strategies;

   (C) implement at least three planning demonstration projects using the models, tools and planning approaches developed under subparagraph (B) and assess the viability of these tools at the scale of river basins with at least one demonstration involving an international border; and

   (D) transfer these tools to other federal agencies, state agencies, non-profit organizations, industry and academia for use in their energy and water sustainability efforts.

   (4) Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to Congress a report on the water and energy sustainability program that describes the research elements described under paragraph (2), and makes recommendations for a management structure that optimizes use of Federal resources and programs.

   (g) Cost Sharing.--

   (1) Research projects under this section shall not require cost-sharing.

   (2) Each demonstration project carried out under the Program shall be carried out on a cost-shared basis, as determined by the Secretary.

   (3) With respect to a demonstration project, the Secretary may accept in-kind contributions, and waive the cost-sharing requirement in appropriate circumstances.

   Original wording

   Strike subtitle F of Title IX and insert the following:

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