To provide findings related to the President's constitutional authority to use military force to protect the United States and United States interests.

SA 9. Mr. CRUZ submitted an amendment intended to be proposed by him
to the bill S. 316, to repeal the authorizations for use of military
force against Iraq; which was ordered to lie on the table; as follows:

On page 2, line 3, strike ``The Authorization'' and insert
the following:
(a) Findings.--Congress makes the following findings:
(1) Article II of the United States Constitution empowers
the President, as Commander-in-Chief, to direct the use of
military force to protect the Nation from an attack or threat
of imminent attack.
(2) This authority empowers the President to use force
against forces of Iran, a state responsible for conducting
and directing attacks against United States forces in the
Middle East and to take actions for the purpose of ending
Iran's escalation of attacks on, and threats to, United
States interests.
(3) The Authorization for Use of Military Force Against
Iraq Resolution of 2002 (Public Law 107-243; 116 Stat. 1498;
50 U.S.C. 1541 note) is not independently required to
authorize the activities described in paragraphs (1) and (2).
(b) Repeal.--The Authorization
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