I
115th CONGRESS
1st Session
H. R. 1071
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
February 15, 2017
Mr. Tonko (for himself, Mr. Pallone, Ms. Matsui, Ms. Norton, Mr. Blumenauer, Mr. Cárdenas, Mr. Sarbanes, Mrs. Dingell, Mr. McNerney, Ms. Eshoo, Mr. Gene Green of Texas, Mr. Michael F. Doyle of Pennsylvania, Ms. Schakowsky, Mr. Peters, Mr. Welch, Ms. DeGette, and Ms. Castor of Florida) introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on Energy and Commerce
A BILL
To amend the Safe Drinking Water Act to increase assistance for States, water systems, and disadvantaged communities; to encourage good financial and environmental management of water systems; and to strengthen the Environmental Protection Agency’s ability to enforce the requirements of the Act, and for other purposes.
Short title; table of contents
Short title
This Act may be cited as the Assistance, Quality, and Affordability Act of 2017
.
Table of contents
The table of contents of this Act is as follows:
Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.
Sec. 2. Prevailing wages.
Sec. 3. Use of funds.
Sec. 4. Requirements for use of American materials.
Sec. 5. Data on variances, exemptions, and persistent violations.
Sec. 6. Assistance for restructuring.
Sec. 7. Priority and weight of applications.
Sec. 8. Disadvantaged communities.
Sec. 9. Administration of State loan funds.
Sec. 10. State revolving loan funds for American Samoa, Northern Mariana Islands, Guam, and the Virgin Islands.
Sec. 11. Authorization of appropriations.
Sec. 12. Affordability of new standards.
Sec. 13. Focus on lifecycle costs.
Sec. 14. Streamlining reporting and enforcement.
Sec. 15. Presence of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in sources of drinking water.
Sec. 16. Best practices for administration of State revolving loan fund programs.
Sec. 17. Water loss and leak control technology.
Sec. 18. Risks of drought to drinking water.
Sec. 19. Reducing lead in drinking water.
Prevailing wages
Subsection (e) of section 1450 of the Safe Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 300j–9) is amended to read as follows:
Labor standards
In general
The Administrator shall take such action as the Administrator determines to be necessary to ensure that each laborer and mechanic employed by a contractor or subcontractor in connection with a construction project financed, in whole or in part, by a grant, loan, loan guarantee, refinancing, or any other form of financial assistance provided under this title (including assistance provided by a State loan fund established under section 1452) is paid wages at a rate of not less than the prevailing wages for the same type of work on similar construction in the immediate locality, as determined by the Secretary of Labor in accordance with subchapter IV of chapter 31 of title 40, United States Code.
Authority of Secretary of Labor
With respect to the labor standards specified in this subsection, the Secretary of Labor shall have the authority and functions established in Reorganization Plan Numbered 14 of 1950 (5 U.S.C. App.) and section 3145 of title 40, United States Code.
.
Use of funds
Section 1452(a)(2)(B) of the Safe Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 300j–12(a)(2)(B)) is amended by striking (including expenditures for planning, design, and associated preconstruction activities, including activities relating to the siting of the facility, but not
and inserting (including expenditures for planning, design, siting, and associated preconstruction activities, for replacing or rehabilitating aging treatment, storage, or distribution facilities of public water systems, or for producing or capturing sustainable energy on site or through the transportation of water through the public water system, but not
.
Requirements for use of American materials
Section 1452(a)(4) of the Safe Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 300j–12(a)(4)) is amended—
in subparagraph (A), by striking During fiscal year 2017, funds
and inserting Funds
; and
by striking subparagraph (G).
Data on variances, exemptions, and persistent violations
Section 1452(b)(2) of the Safe Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 300j–12(b)(2)) is amended—
in subparagraph (B), by striking and
at the end;
in subparagraph (C), by striking the period at the end and inserting ; and
; and
by adding at the end the following:
a list of all public water systems within the State that have in effect an exemption or variance for any national primary drinking water regulation or that are in persistent violation of the requirements for any maximum contaminant level or treatment technique under a national primary drinking water regulation, including identification of—
the national primary drinking water regulation in question for each such exemption, variance, or violation; and
the date on which the exemption or variance came into effect or the violation began.
.
Assistance for restructuring
Definition
Section 1401 of the Safe Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 300f) is amended by adding at the end the following:
Restructuring
The term restructuring means changes in operations (including ownership, management, cooperative partnerships, joint purchasing arrangements, consolidation, and alternative water supply).
.
Restructuring
Clause (ii) of section 1452(a)(3)(B) (42 U.S.C. 300j–12(a)(3)(B)) is amended by striking changes in operations (including ownership, management, accounting, rates, maintenance, consolidation, alternative water supply, or other procedures)
and inserting restructuring
.
Priority and weight of applications
Priority
Section 1452(b)(3) of the Safe Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 300j–12(b)(3)) is amended—
in subparagraph (A)—
in clause (ii), by striking and
at the end;
in clause (iii), by striking the period at the end and inserting ; and
; and
by adding at the end the following:
improve the ability of public water systems to protect human health and comply with the requirements of this title affordably in the future.
;
by redesignating subparagraph (B) as subparagraph (D);
by inserting after subparagraph (A) the following:
Affordability of new standards
For any year in which enforcement begins for a new national primary drinking water regulation, each State that has entered into a capitalization agreement pursuant to this section shall evaluate whether capital improvements required to meet the standard are affordable for disadvantaged communities (as defined in subsection (d)(3)) in the State. If the State finds that such capital improvements do not meet affordability criteria for disadvantaged communities in the State, the State’s intended use plan shall provide that priority for the use of funds for such year be given to public water systems affected by the standard and serving disadvantaged communities.
Weight given to applications
After determining priority under subparagraphs (A) and (B), an intended use plan shall provide that the State will give greater weight to an application for assistance if the application contains—
a description of measures undertaken by the public water system to improve the management and financial stability of the public water system, which may include—
an inventory of assets, including a description of the condition of the assets;
a schedule for replacement of assets;
an audit of water losses;
a financing plan that factors in all lifecycle costs indicating sources of revenue from ratepayers, grants, bonds, other loans, and other sources to meet the costs; and
a review of options for restructuring;
a demonstration of consistency with State, regional, and municipal watershed plans;
a water conservation plan consistent with guidelines developed for such plans by the Administrator under section 1455(a); and
a description of measures undertaken by the public water system to improve the efficiency of the public water system or reduce the public water system’s environmental impact, which may include—
water efficiency or conservation, including the rehabilitation or replacement of existing leaking pipes;
use of reclaimed water;
actions to increase energy efficiency;
actions to generate or capture sustainable energy on site or through the transportation of water through the public water system;
actions to protect source water;
actions to mitigate or prevent corrosion, including design, selection of materials, selection of coating, and cathodic protection; and
actions to reduce disinfection byproducts.
; and
in subparagraph (D) (as redesignated by paragraph (2)) by striking periodically
and inserting at least biennially
.
Guidance
Section 1452 of the Safe Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 300j–12) is amended—
by redesignating subsection (r) as subsection (t); and
by inserting after subsection (q) the following:
Small system guidance
The Administrator may provide guidance and, as appropriate, tools, methodologies, or computer software, to assist small public water systems in undertaking measures to improve the management, financial stability, and efficiency of the public water system or reduce the public water system’s environmental impact.
.
Disadvantaged communities
Assistance To increase compliance
Section 1452(b)(3) of the Safe Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 300j–12(b)(3)), as amended, is further amended by adding at the end the following:
Assistance to increase compliance
A State’s intended use plan shall provide that, of the funds received by the State through a capitalization grant under this section for a fiscal year, the State will, to the extent that there are sufficient eligible project applications, reserve not less than 6 percent to be spent on assistance under subsection (d) to public water systems included in the State’s most recent list under paragraph (2)(D).
.
Assistance for disadvantaged communities
Section 1452(d) of the Safe Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 300j–12(d)) is amended—
in paragraph (1), by adding at the end the following: Such additional subsidization shall directly and primarily benefit such community.
; and
in paragraph (3), by inserting , or portion of a service area,
after service area
.
Affordability criteria
Section 1452(d)(3) of the Safe Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 300j–12(d)(3)) is amended by adding at the end:
Each State that has entered into a capitalization agreement pursuant to this section shall, in establishing affordability criteria, consider, solicit public comment on, and include as appropriate—
the methods or criteria that the State will use to identify disadvantaged communities;
a description of the institutional, regulatory, financial, tax, or legal factors at the Federal, State, or local level that affect identified affordability criteria; and
a description of how the State will use the authorities and resources under this subsection to assist communities meeting the identified criteria.
.
Administration of State loan funds
Section 1452(g) of the Safe Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 300j–12(g)) is amended by adding at the end the following new paragraph:
Transfer of funds
In general
The Governor of a State may—
reserve for any fiscal year not more than the lesser of—
33 percent of a capitalization grant made under this section; or
33 percent of a capitalization grant made under section 601 of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act; and
add the funds so reserved to any funds provided to the State under this section or section 601 of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act.
State matching funds
Funds reserved under this paragraph shall not be considered for purposes of calculating the amount of a State contribution required by subsection (e) of this section or section 602(b) of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act.
.
State revolving loan funds for American Samoa, Northern Mariana Islands, Guam, and the Virgin Islands
Section 1452(j) of the Safe Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 300j–12(j)) is amended by striking 0.33 percent
and inserting 1.5 percent
.
Authorization of appropriations
Subsection (m) of section 1452 of the Safe Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 300j–12) is amended to read as follows:
Authorization of Appropriations
In general
There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section—
$3,130,000,000 for fiscal year 2018;
$3,600,000,000 for fiscal year 2019;
$4,140,000,000 for fiscal year 2020;
$4,800,000,000 for fiscal year 2021; and
$5,500,000,000 for fiscal year 2022.
Availability
Amounts made available pursuant to this subsection shall remain available until expended.
Reservation for needs surveys
Of the amount made available under paragraph (1) to carry out this section for a fiscal year, the Administrator may reserve not more than $1,000,000 per year to pay the costs of conducting needs surveys under subsection (h).
.
Affordability of new standards
Treatment technologies for small public water systems
Clause (ii) of section 1412(b)(4)(E) of the Safe Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 300g–1(b)(4)(E)) is amended by adding at the end the following: If no technology, treatment technique, or other means is included in a list under this subparagraph for a category of small public water systems, the Administrator shall periodically review the list and supplement it when new technology becomes available.
.
Assistance for disadvantaged communities
In general
Subparagraph (E) of section 1452(a)(1) of the Safe Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 300j–12(a)(1)) is amended—
by striking except that the Administrator may reserve
and inserting
except that—
in any year in which enforcement of a new national primary drinking water regulation begins, the Administrator may use the remaining amount to make grants to States whose public water systems are disproportionately affected by the new regulation for the provision of assistance under subsection (d) to such public water systems;
the Administrator may reserve
; and
by striking and none of the funds reallotted
and inserting
; and
none of the funds reallotted
.
Elimination of certain provisions
Section 1412(b) (42 U.S.C. 300g–1(b)) of the Safe Drinking Water Act is amended by striking paragraph (15).
Section 1415 (42 U.S.C. 300g–4) of the Safe Drinking Water Act is amended by striking subsection (e).
Conforming amendments
Subparagraph (B) of section 1414(c)(1) of the Safe Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 300g–3(c)(1)(B)) is amended by striking , (a)(2), or (e)
and inserting or (a)(2)
.
Section 1416(b)(2) of the Safe Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 300g–5(b)(2)) is amended by striking subparagraph (D).
Section 1445(h) of the Safe Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 300j–4(h)) is amended—
by striking sections 1412(b)(4)(E) and 1415(e) (relating to small system variance program
and inserting section 1412(b)(4)(E)
; and
by striking guidance under sections 1412(b)(4)(E) and 1415(e)
and inserting guidance under section 1412(b)(4)(E)
.
Focus on lifecycle costs
Section 1412(b)(4) of the Safe Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 300g–1(b)(4)) is amended—
in subparagraph (D), by striking taking cost into consideration
and inserting taking lifecycle costs, including maintenance, replacement, and avoided costs, into consideration
; and
in subparagraph (E)(ii), in the matter preceding subclause (I), by inserting taking lifecycle costs, including maintenance, replacement, and avoided costs, into consideration,
after as determined by the Administrator in consultation with the States,
.
Streamlining reporting and enforcement
Enforcement
Advice and technical assistance
Section 1414(a)(1) of the Safe Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 300g–3(a)(1)) is amended—
in subparagraph (A), in the matter following clause (ii), by striking and provide such advice and technical assistance to such State and public water system as may be appropriate to bring the system into compliance with the requirement by the earliest feasible time
; and
by adding at the end the following:
At any time after providing notice of a violation to a State and public water system under subparagraph (A), the Administrator may provide such advice and technical assistance to such State and public water system as may be appropriate to bring the system into compliance with the requirement by the earliest feasible time. In deciding whether the provision of advice or technical assistance is appropriate, the Administrator may consider the potential for the violation to result in serious adverse effects to human health, whether the violation has occurred continuously or frequently, and the effectiveness of past technical assistance efforts.
.
Additional inspections
In general
Section 1414 of the Safe Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 300g–3) is amended—
by redesignating subsections (d) through (i) as subsections (e) through (j), respectively; and
by inserting after subsection (c) the following:
Additional inspections following violations
In general
The Administrator shall, by regulation, and after consultation with the States, prescribe the number, frequency, and type of additional inspections to follow any violation requiring notice under subsection (c). Regulations under this subsection shall—
take into account—
differences between violations that are intermittent or infrequent and violations that are continuous or frequent;
the seriousness of any potential adverse health effects that may be involved; and
the number and severity of past violations by the public water system; and
specify procedures for inspections following a violation by a public water system that has the potential to have serious adverse effects on human health as a result of short-term exposure.
State primary enforcement responsibility
Nothing in this subsection shall be construed or applied to modify the requirements of section 1413.
.
Conforming amendments
Subsections (a)(1)(B), (a)(2)(A), and (b) of section 1414 of the Safe Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 300g–3) are amended by striking subsection (g)
each place it appears and inserting subsection (h)
.
Section 1448(a) of the Safe Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 300j–7(a)) is amended by striking 1414(g)(3)(B)
and inserting 1414(h)(3)(B)
.
Electronic reporting of compliance monitoring data to the Administrator
Requirement
Section 1414 of the Safe Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 300g–3), as amended, is further amended by adding at the end the following:
Electronic reporting of compliance monitoring data to the Administrator
The Administrator shall by rule establish requirements for—
electronic submission by public water systems of all compliance monitoring data—
to the Administrator; or
with respect to public water systems in a State which has primary enforcement responsibility under section 1413, to such State; and
electronic submission to the Administrator by each State which has primary enforcement responsibility under section 1413 of all compliance monitoring data submitted to such State by public water systems pursuant to paragraph (1)(B).
.
Final rule
Not later than 12 months after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency shall issue a final rule to carry out section 1414(k) of the Safe Drinking Water Act, as added by paragraph (1).
Presence of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in sources of drinking water
Subsection (a) of section 1442 of the Safe Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 300j–1) is amended by adding at the end the following:
Presence of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in sources of drinking water
Study
The Administrator shall carry out a study on the presence of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in sources of drinking water, which shall—
identify pharmaceuticals and personal care products that have been detected in sources of drinking water and the levels at which such pharmaceuticals and personal care products have been detected;
identify the sources of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in sources of drinking water, including point sources and nonpoint sources of pharmaceutical and personal care products;
identify the effects of such pharmaceuticals and personal care products on humans, the environment, and the safety of drinking water; and
identify methods to control, limit, treat, or prevent the presence of such personal care pharmaceuticals and products.
Consultation
The Administrator shall conduct the study described in subparagraph (A) in consultation with the Secretary of Health and Human Services (acting through the Commissioner of Food and Drugs), the Director of the United States Geological Survey, the heads of other appropriate Federal agencies (including the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences), and other interested stakeholders (including manufacturers of pharmaceuticals and personal care products and consumer groups and advocates).
Report
Not later than 4 years after the date of the enactment of this paragraph, the Administrator shall submit to the Congress a report on the results of the study carried out under this paragraph.
Definitions
In this paragraph:
The term personal care product has the meaning given the term cosmetic in section 201 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act.
The term pharmaceutical has the meaning given the term drug in section 201 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act.
.
Best practices for administration of State revolving loan fund programs
Section 1452 of the Safe Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 300j–12) is amended by inserting after subsection (r), as added by section 7(b), the following:
Best practices for program administration
The Administrator shall—
collect information from States on administration of State programs with respect to State loan funds, including—
efforts to streamline the process for applying for assistance through such programs;
programs in place to assist with the completion of application forms;
incentives provided to systems that partner with small public water systems for the application process; and
techniques to ensure that obligated balances are liquidated in a timely fashion;
not later than 3 years after the date of enactment of the Assistance, Quality, and Affordability Act of 2017, disseminate to the States best practices for administration of such programs, based on the information collected pursuant to this subsection; and
periodically update such best practices, as appropriate.
.
Water loss and leak control technology
Part E of the Safe Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 300j et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following:
Water loss and leak control technology
The Administrator shall—
not later than 5 years after the date of enactment of this section, develop criteria for effective water loss and leak control technology to be used by public water systems; and
implement a program through which a manufacturer of such technology may apply, on a voluntary basis, for certification of compliance with such criteria.
.
Risks of drought to drinking water
Part E of the Safe Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 300j et seq.) is further amended by adding at the end the following new section:
Drought risk assessment and management
Strategic plan
Development
Not later than 90 days after the date of enactment of this section, the Administrator shall develop and submit to Congress a strategic plan for assessing and managing the risks of drought to drinking water provided by public water systems. The strategic plan shall include steps and timelines to—
evaluate the risks posed by drought to drinking water provided by public water systems;
compile a comprehensive list of the effects of drought on drinking water provided by public water systems which the Administrator determines may have an adverse effect on human health;
summarize—
the known adverse human health effects resulting from the effects of drought on drinking water included on the list established under subparagraph (B);
factors that cause drought; and
factors that exacerbate the effects of drought on drinking water provided by public water systems;
with respect to the effects of drought on drinking water included on the list compiled under subparagraph (B), determine whether to—
establish guidance regarding feasible analytical methods to quantify such effects; and
establish guidance regarding the frequency of monitoring necessary to detect such effects;
recommend feasible treatment options, including procedures, equipment, and source water protection practices, to mitigate such effects; and
enter into cooperative agreements with, and provide technical assistance to, affected States and public water systems, as identified by the Administrator, for the purpose of managing risks associated with the effects of drought on drinking water.
Updates
The Administrator shall, as appropriate, update and submit to Congress the strategic plan developed under paragraph (1).
Information coordination
In carrying out this section the Administrator shall—
identify gaps in the Agency’s understanding of the effects of drought on drinking water provided by public water systems, including—
the human health effects of drought; and
methods and means of testing and monitoring for the effects of drought on source water of, or drinking water provided by, public water systems;
as appropriate, consult with—
other Federal agencies that—
examine or analyze drought; or
address public health concerns related to drought;
States;
operators of public water systems;
multinational agencies;
foreign governments;
research and academic institutions; and
companies that provide relevant drinking water treatment options; and
assemble and publish information from each Federal agency that has—
examined or analyzed drought; or
addressed public health concerns related to drought.
Feasible
For purposes of this section, the term feasible has the meaning given such term in section 1412(b)(4)(D).
.
Reducing lead in drinking water
Section 1459B(d) of the Safe Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 300j–19b(d)) is amended by striking $60,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2017 through 2021
and inserting $100,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2018 through 2022
.