H.R. 133House117th Congress (2021-2023)In Committee

David’s Law

Introduced January 4, 2021

AI-Generated Summary

Updated February 7, 2026 at 9:04 PM UTC

David’s Law aims to strengthen federal enforcement of hate crimes by expanding the crimes covered and increasing penalties. It adds new provisions to 18 U.S.C. § 245 that make it a federal offense to cause bodily injury because of a victim’s race, color, religion, national origin, gender, sexual orientation, or disability, with harsher sentences when death, kidnapping, or sexual abuse occurs. The bill also directs the Sentencing Commission to study adult recruitment of juveniles for hate crimes, provides grant funding for state and local programs targeting juvenile hate crimes, and authorizes additional DOJ personnel to help local law enforcement.

Key Provisions

  • Amends 18 U.S.C. § 245 to create a new hate‑crime offense for bodily injury motivated by bias against race, color, religion, national origin, gender, sexual orientation, or disability, with up to 10 years in prison or life if death, kidnapping, or aggravated sexual abuse occurs
  • Orders the U.S. Sentencing Commission to study adult recruitment of juveniles for hate crimes and consider sentencing enhancements for such recruiters
  • Authorizes the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention to award grants to state and local programs that combat juvenile‑committed hate crimes
  • Provides funding for additional Department of Justice and Treasury personnel to assist state and local law enforcement in preventing and responding to hate‑crime violations

Legislative Activity

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2 earlier actions
HouseCommittee Latest Action

Referred to the Subcommittee on Crime, Terrorism, and Homeland Security.

March 1, 2021

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HouseIntro Referral

Introduced in House

January 4, 2021

HouseIntro Referral

Referred to the House Committee on the Judiciary.

January 4, 2021

HouseCommittee

Referred to the Subcommittee on Crime, Terrorism, and Homeland Security.

March 1, 2021

Floor Debate

23 members

What members said about H.R. 133 on the floor

12 Republicans11 Democrats
Sheila Jackson Lee
Rep. Sheila Jackson LeeD-TX-18 · May 19, 2021

Madam Speaker, as Chair of the Judiciary Subcommittee on Crime, Homeland Security, and Terrorism, and a senior member of the Homeland Security, and Budget Committees, I rise in strong support of H.…

Sheila Jackson Lee
Rep. Sheila Jackson LeeD-TX-18 · Jun 24, 2022

Mr. Speaker, I stand here in the name of Mr. Garza, whose daughter in Uvalde bled out, Buffalo, Tulsa, Parkland, Santa Fe, and Sandy Hook. I stand here with the recognition of my chairman, Mr.…

Jerrold Nadler
Rep. Jerrold NadlerD-NY-10 · Jun 24, 2022

Mr. Speaker, pursuant to House Resolution 1204, I call up the bill (S. 2938) to designate the United States Courthouse and Federal Building located at 111 North Adams Street in Tallahassee, Florida,…

Nancy Pelosi
Rep. Nancy PelosiD-CA-12 · Jun 24, 2022

Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for yielding and for his extraordinary leadership in bringing this very important legislation to the floor. I commend the chairman, as well as Mr. Mike Thompson,…

Jim Jordan
Rep. Jim JordanR-OH-4 · Jun 24, 2022

Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may consume. Mr. Speaker, let me first say, God bless the United States Supreme Court. And God bless President Trump for the people he selected for our…

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Steny H. Hoyer
Rep. Steny H. HoyerD-MD-5 · Jun 24, 2022

Mr. Speaker, for years, the gun violence epidemic in our country has forced us to cope with immeasurable grief and loss. Throughout America, many communities have begun to erect memorials to remember…

Debbie Dingell
Rep. Debbie DingellD-MI-12 · Jun 24, 2022

Mr. Speaker, I rise today in support of the Bipartisan Safer Communities Act. It is past time that Congress take action to end the gun violence epidemic that is harming communities across the Nation.…

Suzanne Bonamici
Rep. Suzanne BonamiciD-OR-1 · Jun 24, 2022

Mr, Speaker, I rise today in support of the Bipartisan Safer Communities Act, long overdue legislation to address gun violence in our schools and neighborhoods. Although this legislation is far from…

Grace Meng
Rep. Grace MengD-NY-6 · Jul 19, 2021

Mr. Speaker, I rise today to speak in favor of H.R. 826, the Divided Families Reunification Act, a bill I authored to raise the voices of families who have been separated for decades both across the…

Dan Bishop
Rep. Dan BishopR-NC-9 · Jun 24, 2022

Mr. Speaker, in Dobbs earlier this great morning, and in the New York State RPA decision yesterday, the Supreme Court declared something astonishing, which has electrified the country and left…

Thomas Massie
Rep. Thomas MassieR-KY-4 · Jun 24, 2022

Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman from Ohio for yielding time. The Democrats today describe this Senate bill as a step forward. If you are saving lives, it is a step backward, folks. If you are…

Chrissy Houlahan
Rep. Chrissy HoulahanD-PA-6 · Jul 19, 2021

Mr. Speaker, I move to suspend the rules and pass the bill (H.R. 826) to require consultations on reuniting Korean Americans with family members in North Korea. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent…

Mike Johnson
Rep. Mike JohnsonR-LA-4 · Jun 24, 2022

Mr. Speaker, Speaker Pelosi just lectured us. She said guns are the number one killer of children in America. That is not true. Abortion violence is the number one killer of children in America,…

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Young Kim
Rep. Young KimR-CA-39 · Jul 19, 2021

Mr. Speaker, I am proud to stand in support of H.R. 826, the Divided Families Reunification Act, and I want to thank Congresswoman Meng for introducing this bill and the House Foreign Affairs…

Mike Thompson
Rep. Mike ThompsonD-CA-5 · Jun 24, 2022

Mr. Speaker, I rise in strong support of this legislation, the Bipartisan Safer Communities Act. While the tragic loss of 19 precious children and 2 teachers in Uvalde, Texas, and the disgusting…

Chip Roy
Rep. Chip RoyR-TX-21 · Jun 24, 2022

Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman from Ohio for yielding. Today, the United States Supreme Court stood up in defense of the Constitution in recognizing that it is the people--the people--who should…

Andy Biggs
Rep. Andy BiggsR-AZ-5 · Jun 24, 2022

Mr. Speaker, I thank God for the decision that stops the heinous practice that has taken more than 60 million lives in this country over the last 50 years. I thank God that those voices that have…

Tom McClintock
Rep. Tom McClintockR-CA-4 · Jun 24, 2022

Mr. Speaker, instead of treating law-abiding citizens as if they were criminals, maybe we should start treating criminals as if they were criminals. Stop the plea bargains, put gun predators behind…

Christopher H. Smith
Rep. Christopher H. SmithR-NJ-4 · Jul 19, 2021

Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may consume. I rise today in support of the Divided Families Reunification Act. The sorrowful legacy of the Korean war is with us even today, almost 70…

Rodney Davis
Rep. Rodney DavisR-IL-13 · Jun 24, 2022

Mr. Speaker, I thank my good friend, Mr. Jordan, for yielding. Mr. Speaker, I rise today in opposition to this anti-Second Amendment legislation. I know firsthand how important firearm ownership and…

Scott Fitzgerald
Rep. Scott FitzgeraldR-WI-5 · Jun 24, 2022

Mr. Speaker, what a great day for the babies and--as the Speaker described it--the Trump-McConnell Supreme Court. Mr. Speaker, I rise today in opposition to the House amendment to S. 2938. This bill…

Andrew S. Clyde
Rep. Andrew S. ClydeR-GA-9 · Jun 24, 2022

Mr. Speaker, I thank my colleague from Ohio, soon to be the Judiciary chair, for yielding. First, thank you to the Supreme Court for removing the curse of abortion sanctioned by a Federal Court…

Mikie Sherrill
Rep. Mikie SherrillD-NJ-11 · Jun 24, 2022

Mr. Speaker, today has been a tough day as we watch an extremist and politicized Supreme Court roll back protections Americans have relied on for decades. But there is good news coming out of…

Steven Horsford
Rep. Steven HorsfordD-NV-4 · Jun 24, 2022

Mr. Speaker, today, June 24, 2022, marks 30 years to the day that my father was shot and killed by senseless gun violence. So, I stand here emotional as I prepare to cast a vote in favor of the…

Bill Text

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Introduced in HouseIssued January 4, 2021

I

117th CONGRESS

1st Session

H. R. 133

IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

January 4, 2021

Ms. Jackson Lee introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on the Judiciary

A BILL

To enhance Federal enforcement of hate crimes, and for other purposes.

1.

Short title

This Act may be cited as the David Ray Hate Crimes Prevention Act of 2021 or David’s Law.

2.

Findings

Congress finds that—

(1)

the incidence of violence motivated by the actual or perceived race, color, national origin, religion, sexual orientation, gender, or disability of the victim poses a serious national problem;

(2)

such violence disrupts the tranquility and safety of communities and is deeply divisive;

(3)

existing Federal law is inadequate to address this problem;

(4)

such violence affects interstate commerce in many ways, including—

(A)

by impeding the movement of members of targeted groups and forcing such members to move across State lines to escape the incidence or risk of such violence; and

(B)

by preventing members of targeted groups from purchasing goods and services, obtaining or sustaining employment or participating in other commercial activity;

(5)

perpetrators cross State lines to commit such violence;

(6)

instrumentalities of interstate commerce are used to facilitate the commission of such violence;

(7)

such violence is committed using articles that have traveled in interstate commerce;

(8)

violence motivated by bias that is a relic of slavery can constitute badges and incidents of slavery;

(9)

although many local jurisdictions have attempted to respond to the challenges posed by such violence, the problem is sufficiently serious, widespread, and interstate in scope to warrant Federal intervention to assist such jurisdictions; and

(10)

many States have no laws addressing violence based on the actual or perceived race, color, national origin, religion, sexual orientation, gender, or disability of the victim, while other States have laws that provide only limited protection.

3.

Definition of hate crime

In this Act, the term hate crime has the same meaning as in section 280003(a) of the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994 (28 U.S.C. 994 note).

4.

Prohibition of certain acts of violence

Section 245 of title 18, United States Code, is amended—

(1)

by redesignating subsections (c) and (d) as subsections (d) and (e), respectively; and

(2)

by inserting after subsection (b) the following:

(c)
(1)

Whoever, whether or not acting under color of law, willfully causes bodily injury to any person or, through the use of fire, a firearm, or an explosive device, attempts to cause bodily injury to any person, because of the actual or perceived race, color, religion, or national origin of any person—

(A)

shall be imprisoned not more than 10 years, or fined in accordance with this title, or both; and

(B)

shall be imprisoned for any term of years or for life, or fined in accordance with this title, or both if—

(i)

death results from the acts committed in violation of this paragraph; or

(ii)

the acts committed in violation of this paragraph include kidnapping or an attempt to kidnap, aggravated sexual abuse or an attempt to commit aggravated sexual abuse, or an attempt to kill.

(2)
(A)

Whoever, whether or not acting under color of law, in any circumstance described in subparagraph (B), willfully causes bodily injury to any person or, through the use of fire, a firearm, or an explosive device, attempts to cause bodily injury to any person, because of the actual or perceived religion, gender, sexual orientation, or disability of any person—

(i)

shall be imprisoned not more than 10 years, or fined in accordance with this title, or both; and

(ii)

shall be imprisoned for any term of years or for life, or fined in accordance with this title, or both, if—

(I)

death results from the acts committed in violation of this paragraph; or

(II)

the acts committed in violation of this paragraph include kidnapping or an attempt to kidnap, aggravated sexual abuse or an attempt to commit aggravated sexual abuse, or an attempt to kill.

(B)

For purposes of subparagraph (A), the circumstances described in this subparagraph are that—

(i)

in connection with the offense, the defendant or the victim travels in interstate or foreign commerce, uses a facility or instrumentality of interstate or foreign commerce, or engages in any activity affecting interstate or foreign commerce; or

(ii)

the offense is in or affects interstate or foreign commerce.

.

5.

Duties of Federal sentencing commission

(a)

Amendment of Federal sentencing guidelines

Pursuant to its authority under section 994 of title 28, United States Code, the United States Sentencing Commission shall study the issue of adult recruitment of juveniles to commit hate crimes and shall, if appropriate, amend the Federal sentencing guidelines to provide sentencing enhancements (in addition to the sentencing enhancement provided for the use of a minor during the commission of an offense) for adult defendants who recruit juveniles to assist in the commission of hate crimes.

(b)

Consistency with other guidelines

In carrying out this section, the United States Sentencing Commission shall—

(1)

ensure that there is reasonable consistency with other Federal sentencing guidelines; and

(2)

avoid duplicative punishments for substantially the same offense.

6.

Grant program

(a)

Authority To make grants

The Administrator of the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention of the Department of Justice shall make grants, in accordance with such regulations as the Attorney General may prescribe, to State and local programs designed to combat hate crimes committed by juveniles.

(b)

Authorization of appropriations

There are authorized to be appropriated such sums as may be necessary to carry out this section.

7.

Authorization for additional personnel to assist State and local law enforcement

There are authorized to be appropriated to the Department of the Treasury and the Department of Justice, including the Community Relations Service, for fiscal years 2022, 2023, and 2024 such sums as are necessary to increase the number of personnel to prevent and respond to alleged violations of section 245 of title 18, United States Code (as amended by this Act).