H.Res. 1434House117th Congress (2021-2023)Passed Congress

Reaffirming the preemptive authority of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 301 et seq.) and the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 201 et seq.) (including regulations thereunder) with respect to State laws that inhibit access to or use of any reproductive health product.

Introduced October 14, 2022

AI-Generated Summary

Updated February 8, 2026 at 6:09 PM UTC

The resolution reaffirms that the Food and Drug Administration has sole authority to approve, license, authorize, or clear reproductive health products under the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act and the Public Health Service Act, and that those federal laws preempt any state law that restricts access to or use of such products. It notes that this preemptive effect applies only to reproductive health products and does not limit other federal preemptions. The resolution also authorizes the Attorney General to bring civil actions against states or political subdivisions that try to limit access to these products.

Key Provisions

  • Reaffirms FDA’s authority under the FD&C Act and Public Health Service Act to regulate reproductive health products and declares that federal law preempts any state law that prohibits or limits access to or use of those products.
  • Clarifies that this affirmation of preemption does not affect the preemptive effect of FDA regulation for non‑reproductive products or any other federal law.
  • Affirms that the Attorney General may enforce the federal preemptive effect by filing civil lawsuits against states or political subdivisions that restrict access to or use of reproductive health products.

Legislative Activity

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4 earlier actions
HouseFloor Latest Action

Pursuant to the provisions of H. Res. 1529, H. Res. 1434 is considered passed House.

December 21, 2022 • 11:30 PM

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HouseIntro Referral

Introduced in House

October 14, 2022

HouseIntro Referral

Referred to the Committee on Energy and Commerce, and in addition to the Committee on the Judiciary, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.

October 14, 2022

HouseCommittee

Referred to the Subcommittee on Health.

October 17, 2022

HouseFloor

Passed/agreed to in House: Pursuant to the provisions of H. Res. 1529, H. Res. 1434 is considered passed House.

December 21, 2022 • 11:30 PM

HouseFloor

Pursuant to the provisions of H. Res. 1529, H. Res. 1434 is considered passed House.

December 21, 2022 • 11:30 PM

Bill Text

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Engrossed in HouseIssued December 21, 2022

H. RES. 1434

In the House of Representatives, U. S.,

December 21, 2022

RESOLUTION

Whereas a reproductive health product is any product approved, licensed, granted authorization, or cleared by the Food and Drug Administration that is used to diagnose, prevent, manage, treat, or terminate pregnancy, or diagnose, prevent, manage, or treat indications or conditions that occur during or are related to pregnancy, or otherwise relate to or affect the reproductive system;

Whereas reproductive rights and bodily autonomy face a renewed, relentless assault by State governments and recent decisions by the Supreme Court;

Whereas antiabortion State governments have increased their efforts to limit, if not outright ban, reproductive health products;

Whereas, under the Supremacy Clause of the United States Constitution, Federal laws take precedence over any conflicting State laws;

Whereas Congress delegated to the Food and Drug Administration sole authority to approve, license, grant authorization for, or clear reproductive health products and evaluate the safety and effectiveness of such products in the United States through the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 301 et seq.) and the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 201 et seq.);

Whereas Federal law preempts conflicting State laws that prohibit or limit access to or use of any reproductive health product;

Whereas mifepristone is safe and effective, and has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration for medication abortion for more than 20 years;

Whereas medication abortion accounts for half of all pregnancy terminations in the United States; and

Whereas antiabortion State governments are attempting to ignore the preemptive effect of Federal law to strip away access to or use of reproductive health products: Now, therefore, be it

That the House of Representatives—

(1)

reaffirms—

(A)

the well-established authority of the Food and Drug Administration to approve, license, grant authorization for, or clear reproductive health products under the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 301 et seq.) and the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 201 et seq.) (including regulations thereunder); and

(B)

the preemptive effect of those Federal laws on any law, requirement, regulation, standard, or other provision enacted, otherwise established, or enforced by any State or political subdivision of a State that prohibits or limits access to or use of any reproductive health product;

(2)

recognizes that the affirmation of the preemptive effect of regulation by the Food and Drug Administration of reproductive health products shall not be construed to limit the preemptive effect of approval, licensure, authorization, or clearance by the Food and Drug Administration of products that are not reproductive health products or the preemptive effect of any other Federal law; and

(3)

affirms the authority of the Attorney General to enforce the preemptive effect of Federal laws and regulations by taking appropriate civil action on behalf of the United States against any State or political subdivision of a State that prohibits or limits access to or use of any reproductive health product.

Clerk.