H.R. 8663House118th Congress (2023-2025)Enacted

DETECT Fentanyl and Xylazine Act of 2024

Introduced June 7, 2024

AI-Generated Summary

Updated January 20, 2026 at 5:11 PM UTC

The DETECT Fentanyl and Xylazine Act directs the Department of Homeland Security’s Science and Technology Directorate, in partnership with the Drug Enforcement Administration, to develop and improve equipment and technologies for detecting very low concentrations of illicit substances such as fentanyl and xylazine. The law applies to federal, state, local, tribal and territorial law‑enforcement agencies that use detection tools. It also sets standards for using artificial‑intelligence methods and requires research priorities to follow the latest threat assessments.

Key Provisions

  • Adds a new requirement to the Homeland Security Act for DHS to conduct research, development, testing, evaluation, and cost‑benefit analysis of detection equipment for drugs like fentanyl and xylazine, coordinated with the DEA.
  • Calls for portable detection devices that can identify drugs with minimal or no sample handling.
  • Requires equipment that can separate complex mixtures to isolate drug signatures for field identification.
  • Mandates AI and machine‑learning technologies to predict whether substances are controlled‑substance analogues or new psychoactive substances not yet in reference libraries.
  • Directs the Under Secretary for Science and Technology to follow the NIST AI Risk Management Framework and set research priorities based on the latest DHS threat assessments and DEA reports.
  • Specifies that the Act does not limit the authority of existing agencies that manage drug detection equipment and reference libraries.

Legislative Activity

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27 earlier actions
Became Law Latest Action

Became Public Law No: 118-186.

December 23, 2024

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HouseIntro Referral

Introduced in House

June 7, 2024

HouseIntro Referral

Referred to the House Committee on Homeland Security.

June 7, 2024

HouseCommittee

Referred to the Subcommittee on Emergency Management and Technology.

June 7, 2024

HouseCommittee

Subcommittee on Emergency Management and Technology Discharged

June 12, 2024

HouseCommittee

Committee Consideration and Mark-up Session Held

June 12, 2024

HouseCommittee

Ordered to be Reported by Voice Vote.

June 12, 2024

HouseCommittee

Reported by the Committee on Homeland Security. H. Rept. 118-634.

August 23, 2024

HouseCalendars

Placed on the Union Calendar, Calendar No. 531.

August 23, 2024

HouseFloor

Mr. Gimenez moved to suspend the rules and pass the bill.

September 9, 2024 • 5:03 PM

HouseFloor

Considered under suspension of the rules. (consideration: CR H5064-5065)

September 9, 2024 • 5:03 PM

HouseFloor

DEBATE - The House proceeded with forty minutes of debate on H.R. 8663.

September 9, 2024 • 5:03 PM

HouseFloor

Passed/agreed to in House: On motion to suspend the rules and pass the bill Agreed to by voice vote. (text: CR H5064)

September 9, 2024 • 5:13 PM

HouseFloor

On motion to suspend the rules and pass the bill Agreed to by voice vote. (text: CR H5064)

September 9, 2024 • 5:13 PM

HouseFloor

Motion to reconsider laid on the table Agreed to without objection.

September 9, 2024 • 5:13 PM

SenateIntro Referral

Received in the Senate and Read twice and referred to the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs.

September 10, 2024

SenateCommittee

Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs discharged by Unanimous Consent.

December 12, 2024

SenateFloor

Measure laid before Senate by unanimous consent. (consideration: CR S7041)

December 12, 2024

SenateFloor

Passed Senate with an amendment and an amendment to the Title by Unanimous Consent. (text of amendment in the nature of a substitute: CR S7041)

December 12, 2024

SenateFloor

Message on Senate action sent to the House.

December 13, 2024

HouseResolving Differences

Mr. Green (TN) moved that the House suspend the rules and agree to the Senate amendments. (consideration: CR H7335-7337, H7340-7341)

December 18, 2024 • 12:24 PM

HouseFloor

DEBATE - The House proceeded with forty minutes of debate on the motion to suspend the rules and agree to the Senate amendments to H.R. 8663.

December 18, 2024 • 12:24 PM

HouseResolving Differences

At the conclusion of debate, the Yeas and Nays were demanded and ordered. Pursuant to the provisions of clause 8, rule XX, the chair announced that further proceedings on the motion would be postponed.

December 18, 2024 • 12:34 PM

HouseNot Used

Resolving differences -- House actions: On motion that the House suspend the rules and agree to the Senate amendments Agreed to by the Yeas and Nays: (2/3 required): 404 - 1 (Roll no. 514). (text: CR H7335-7336)

December 18, 2024

HouseResolving Differences

On motion that the House suspend the rules and agree to the Senate amendments Agreed to by the Yeas and Nays: (2/3 required): 404 - 1 (Roll no. 514). (text: CR H7335-7336)

December 18, 2024 • 2:17 PM

HouseResolving Differences

Motion to reconsider laid on the table Agreed to without objection.

December 18, 2024 • 2:17 PM

President

Presented to President.

December 23, 2024

Became Law

Signed by President.

December 23, 2024

Became Law

Became Public Law No: 118-186.

December 23, 2024

Floor Debate

9 members

What members said about H.R. 8663 on the floor

5 Republicans4 Democrats
Patrick T. McHenry
Rep. Patrick T. McHenryR-NC-10 · Dec 24, 2024

Kevin F. McCumber, Clerk of the House, reported and found truly enrolled bills of the House of the following titles, which were thereupon signed by the Speaker pro tempore, Mr. McHenry, on Friday,…

Nick LaLota
Rep. Nick LaLotaR-NY-1 · Dec 18, 2024

Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman from Tennessee for yielding. I was anxious about the chairman of the Homeland Security Committee yielding because his alma mater team, West Point, lost to my alma…

Nick LaLota
Rep. Nick LaLotaR-NY-1 · Sep 9, 2024

Mr. Speaker, the United States of America, the greatest nation the world has ever known, is facing an unprecedented crisis as deadly drugs like fentanyl and xylazine devastate our communities. It is…

Juan Ciscomani
Rep. Juan CiscomaniR-AZ-6 · Sep 11, 2024

Madam Speaker, I rise today on the solemn anniversary of the most tragic day in modern American history, the September 11 attacks. Our Nation was deliberately attacked 23 years ago by al-Qaida…

Glenn Ivey
Rep. Glenn IveyD-MD-4 · Sep 9, 2024

Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may consume. H.R. 8663, the Detection Equipment and Technology Evaluation to Counter the Threat of Fentanyl and Xylazine Act is a critical piece of…

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Carlos A. Gimenez
Rep. Carlos A. GimenezR-FL-28 · Sep 9, 2024

Mr. Speaker, I move to suspend the rules and pass the bill (H.R. 8663) to require the Science and Technology Directorate in the Department of Homeland Security to develop greater capacity to detect,…

Mark E. Green
Rep. Mark E. GreenR-TN-7 · Dec 18, 2024

Mr. Speaker, I move to suspend the rules and concur in the Senate amendments to the bill (H.R. 8663) to require the Science and Technology Directorate in the Department of Homeland Security to…

Timothy M. Kennedy
Rep. Timothy M. KennedyD-NY-26 · Dec 18, 2024

Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may consume. Mr. Speaker, H.R. 8663, the Detection Equipment and Technology Evaluation to Counter the Threat of Fentanyl and Xylazine Act of 2024 is an…

Charles E. Schumer
Sen. Charles E. SchumerD-NY · Dec 12, 2024

Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs be discharged from further consideration of H.R. 8663, and the Senate proceed to its immediate…

Mary Sattler Peltola
Rep. Mary Sattler PeltolaD-AK · Dec 18, 2024

Mr. Speaker, had I been present, I would have voted YEA on Roll Call No. 512, YEA on Roll Call No. 513, and YEA on Roll Call No. 514.

Bill Text

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One Hundred Eighteenth Congress of the United States of America

At the Second Session

Begun and held at the City of Washington on Wednesday, the third day of January, two thousand and twenty-four

H. R. 8663

AN ACT

To require the Science and Technology Directorate in the Department of Homeland Security to develop greater capacity to detect and identify illicit substances in very low concentrations.

1.

Short titles

This Act may be cited as the Detection Equipment and Technology Evaluation to Counter the Threat of Fentanyl and Xylazine Act of 2024 or the DETECT Fentanyl and Xylazine Act of 2024.

2.

Enhancing the capacity to detect and identify drugs such as fentanyl and xylazine

Section 302 of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (6 U.S.C. 182) is amended—

(1)

in paragraph (13), by striking and at the end;

(2)

in paragraph (14), by striking the period at the end and inserting ; and; and

(3)

by adding at the end the following:

(15)

carrying out, in coordination with the Drug Enforcement Administration, research, development, testing, evaluation, and cost-benefit analyses to improve the safety, effectiveness, and efficiency of equipment and the effectiveness and efficiency of reference libraries for use by Federal, State, local, Tribal, and territorial law enforcement agencies for the accurate detection of drugs, such as fentanyl and xylazine, including—

(A)

portable equipment that can detect and identify drugs with minimal or no handling of the sample;

(B)

equipment that can separate complex mixtures containing low concentrations of drugs and high concentrations of cutting agents into their component parts to enable signature extraction for field identification and detection; and

(C)

technologies that use machine learning or artificial intelligence (as defined in section 5002 of the National Artificial Intelligence Initiative Act of 2020 (15 U.S.C. 9401)) and other techniques to predict whether the substances in a sample are controlled substance analogues or other new psychoactive substances not yet included in available reference libraries.

.

3.

Requirements

In carrying out section 302(15) of the Homeland Security Act of 2002, as added by section 2, the Under Secretary for Science and Technology shall—

(1)

follow the recommendations, guidelines, and best practices described in the Artificial Intelligence Risk Management Framework (NIST AI 100–1) or any successor document published by the National Institute of Standards and Technology; and

(2)

establish the Directorate of Science and Technology’s research, development, testing, evaluation, and cost-benefit analysis priorities under such section 302(15) based on the latest available information, including specific drugs identified as threats in—

(A)

the latest Homeland Threat Assessment published by the Department of Homeland Security;

(B)

the latest State and Territory Report on Enduring and Emerging Threats published by the Drug Enforcement Administration; or

(C)

any successor documents.

4.

Rule of construction

Nothing in this Act may be construed to limit the authority of agencies currently managing, overseeing, or otherwise involved in drug equipment and reference libraries.

Speaker of the House of Representatives.

Vice President of the United States and President of the Senate.