S. 8Senate118th Congress (2023-2025)In Committee

Improving Health Insurance Affordability Act of 2023

Introduced January 23, 2023

AI-Generated Summary

Updated January 20, 2026 at 2:21 AM UTC

The Improving Health Insurance Affordability Act of 2023 expands who can receive the refundable premium tax credit and boosts cost‑sharing subsidies under the Affordable Care Act. It raises income limits, changes the subsidy calculations from silver to gold plans, and adds funding for the new benefits. The changes affect individuals and families purchasing health coverage through the ACA exchanges.

Key Provisions

  • Removes the 400% of poverty‑line cap on the premium tax credit, allowing eligibility up to higher income levels (up to 800% in the recapture limit).
  • Rewrites the sliding‑scale percentages for how much of a household’s income must go toward premiums, ranging from 0% for incomes up to 150% of poverty to 8.5% for incomes above 400% of poverty.
  • Adds higher subsidy amounts ($3,500 for 400‑600% of poverty and $4,500 for 600‑800% of poverty) by adjusting the recapture limitation.
  • Changes references from “silver” to “gold” plans in the tax credit formulas, shifting subsidies toward gold‑tier plans.
  • Increases cost‑sharing subsidy caps: raises income thresholds (e.g., from 150% to 200% of poverty) and sets plan‑share limits at 95%, 90% and 85% for different groups.
  • Provides funding for these subsidies from any unappropriated Treasury funds and sets the changes to take effect for tax years and plan years beginning after December 31, 2023.

Legislative Activity

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1 earlier action
SenateIntro Referral Latest Action

Read twice and referred to the Committee on Finance.

January 23, 2023

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SenateIntro Referral

Introduced in Senate

January 23, 2023

SenateIntro Referral

Read twice and referred to the Committee on Finance.

January 23, 2023

Floor Debate

8 members

What members said about S. 8 on the floor

2 Republicans6 Democrats
Mary Gay Scanlon
Rep. Mary Gay ScanlonD-PA-5 · Jan 17, 2024

Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentlewoman from Minnesota for yielding the customary 30 minutes. Mr. Speaker, here we are, a little more than 48 hours from a devastating government shutdown. The deadline…

Sheila Jackson Lee
Rep. Sheila Jackson LeeD-TX-18 · Jan 17, 2024

Mr. Speaker, I rise today in strong opposition to H. Res. 969--the rule providing for consideration of the following: H.R. 6914--to require institutions of higher education to disseminate information…

Michelle Fischbach
Rep. Michelle FischbachR-MN-7 · Jan 17, 2024

Mr. Speaker, by direction of the Committee on Rules, I call up House Resolution 969 and ask for its immediate consideration. Mr. Speaker, for the purpose of debate only, I yield the customary 30…

Gwen Moore
Rep. Gwen MooreD-WI-4 · Jan 17, 2024

Mr. Speaker, today I am pleased to comment on H.R. 3058, the Recruiting Families Using Data Act. There is an undeniable shortage of foster care placements in America, and an even more drastic lack of…

James P. McGovern
Rep. James P. McGovernD-MA-2 · Jan 17, 2024

Mr. Speaker, I have a serious question for my Republican colleagues: Did the Trump campaign write these bills for you? They seem right out of his political playbook--cruel, uninformed, nasty bills.…

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Teresa Leger Fernandez
Rep. Teresa Leger FernandezD-NM-3 · Jan 17, 2024

Mr. Speaker, today's Republican bills are part of their extreme agenda to create a Federal abortion ban. The first bill, H.R. 6918, would divert Federal funding used to help feed and house poor…

Ayanna Pressley
Rep. Ayanna PressleyD-MA-7 · Jan 17, 2024

Mr. Speaker, if we defeat the previous question, we will bring up legislation to protect a woman's right to make her own healthcare decisions, the Women's Health Protection Act. This is necessary…

Nicholas A. Langworthy
Rep. Nicholas A. LangworthyR-NY-23 · Jan 17, 2024

Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentlewoman from Minnesota for yielding time to me now, but I am very disappointed to see my colleagues on the other side of the aisle stand up and defend President Biden's…

Bill Text

Latest available legislative text

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Introduced in SenateIssued January 23, 2023

II

118th CONGRESS

1st Session

S. 8

IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

January 23 (legislative day, January 3), 2023

Mrs. Shaheen (for herself, Mr. Blumenthal, Ms. Smith, Ms. Baldwin, Mr. Kaine, Mr. Reed, Mr. Casey, Ms. Stabenow, Ms. Klobuchar, Mr. Cardin, Ms. Hassan, Mr. Bennet, Ms. Cortez Masto, and Mrs. Gillibrand) introduced the following bill; which was read twice and referred to the Committee on Finance

A BILL

To amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to expand eligibility for the refundable credit for coverage under a qualified health plan, to improve cost-sharing subsidies under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, and for other purposes.

1.

Short title

This Act may be cited as the Improving Health Insurance Affordability Act of 2023.

2.

Increase in eligibility for credit

(a)

In general

Subparagraph (A) of section 36B(c)(1) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by striking but does not exceed 400 percent .

(b)

Applicable percentages

(1)

In general

Subparagraph (A) of section 36B(b)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended to read as follows:

(A)

Applicable percentage

The applicable percentage for any taxable year shall be the percentage such that the applicable percentage for any taxpayer whose household income is within an income tier specified in the following table shall increase, on a sliding scale in a linear manner, from the initial premium percentage to the final premium percentage specified in such table for such income tier:

In the case of household income
(expressed as a percent of poverty line)
within the following income tier:
The initial premium percentage is—The final premium percentage is—
Up to 150 percent00
150 percent up to 200 percent02.0
200 percent up to 250 percent2.04.0
250 percent up to 300 percent4.06.0
300 percent up to 400 percent6.08.5
400 percent and up8.58.5.

.

(2)

Conforming amendments relating to affordability of coverage

(A)

Subparagraph (C) of section 36B(c)(2) of such Code is amended by striking clause (iv).

(B)

Paragraph (4) of section 36B(c) of such Code is amended by striking subparagraph (F).

(c)

Limitation on recapture

Clause (i) of section 36B(f)(2)(B) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended—

(1)

by striking 400 percent and inserting 800 percent;

(2)

by striking the period at the end of the last row of the table; and

(3)

by adding at the end of the table the following new rows:

At least 400 percent but less than 600 percent$3,500
At least 600 percent but less than 800 percent$4,500.

.

(d)

Premium cost standard

(1)

In general

The following provisions of section 36B of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 are each amended by striking silver each place it appears and inserting gold:

(A)

Paragraphs (2)(B)(i), (3)(B), and (3)(C) of subsection (b).

(B)

The heading of subparagraph (B) of subsection (b)(3).

(C)

Subsection (c)(4)(C)(i)(I).

(2)

Conforming amendments to reduced cost-sharing

Section 1402(b)(1) of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (42 U.S.C. 18071(b)(1)) is amended by striking silver and inserting gold.

(e)

Effective date

The amendments made by this section shall apply to taxable years beginning after December 31, 2023.

3.

Enhancements for reduced cost-sharing

(a)

Modification of amount

(1)

In general

Section 1402(c)(2) of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (42 U.S.C. 18071(c)(2)) is amended—

(A)

by striking 150 percent in subparagraph (A) and inserting 200 percent,

(B)

by striking 94 percent in subparagraph (A) and inserting 95 percent,

(C)

by striking 150 percent but not more than 200 percent in subparagraph (B) and inserting 200 percent but not more than 300 percent,

(D)

by striking 87 percent in subparagraph (B) and inserting 90 percent,

(E)

by striking 200 percent in subparagraph (C) and inserting 300 percent,

(F)

by striking 250 percent in subparagraph (C) and inserting 400 percent, and

(G)

by striking 73 percent in subparagraph (C) and inserting 85 percent.

(2)

Conforming amendment

Clause (i) of section 1402(c)(1)(B) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 18071(c)(1)(B)) is amended to read as follows:

(i)

In general

The Secretary shall ensure the reduction under this paragraph shall not result in an increase in the plan’s share of the total allowed costs of benefits provided under the plan above—

(I)

95 percent in the case of an eligible insured described in paragraph (2)(A);

(II)

90 percent in the case of an eligible insured described in paragraph (2)(B); and

(III)

85 percent in the case of an eligible insured described in paragraph (2)(C).

.

(3)

Effective date

The amendments made by this subsection shall apply to plan years beginning after December 31, 2023.

(b)

Funding

Section 1402 of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (42 U.S.C. 18071) is amended by adding at the end the following new subsection:

(g)

Funding

Out of any funds in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, there are appropriated to the Secretary such sums as may be necessary for payments under this section.

.