H.R. 1998House119th Congress (2025-2027)Passed House

Sanction Sea Pirates Act of 2025

Introduced March 10, 2025

AI-Generated Summary

Updated November 24, 2025 at 2:06 AM UTC

The Sanction Sea Pirates Act of 2025 directs the President to target foreign individuals or entities that engage in piracy with economic and immigration sanctions. It blocks their assets in the United States and bars them from obtaining visas or entering the country, while allowing certain humanitarian, intelligence, and international‑obligation exceptions. The President can also waive these sanctions for national‑security reasons. The law applies to non‑U.S. persons involved in piracy and to U.S. persons handling their assets or immigration processes.

Key Provisions

  • The President must impose sanctions on any foreign individual or entity that is knowingly involved in piracy.
  • Sanctions include blocking any of the person’s assets that are in the United States or under U.S. control, and making the person ineligible for visas, entry, or any immigration benefits.
  • Current visas for such persons can be revoked immediately, cancelling any other valid travel documents they hold.
  • Exceptions apply for: (a) compliance with U.N. headquarters obligations; (b) transactions related to humanitarian aid, food, medicine, or medical devices; and (c) authorized U.S. intelligence, law‑enforcement, or national‑security activities.
  • The President may waive sanctions if he certifies that doing so is crucial to U.S. national‑security interests.
  • Violations of the sanctions regulations are punishable under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act.
  • The bill defines “foreign person” as anyone who is not a U.S. citizen, permanent resident, or U.S. entity, and defines “piracy” according to U.S. criminal law.

Legislative Activity

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11 earlier actions
SenateIntro Referral Latest Action

Received in the Senate and Read twice and referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations.

June 24, 2025

View full timeline
HouseIntro Referral

Introduced in House

March 10, 2025

HouseIntro Referral

Referred to the Committee on Foreign Affairs, and in addition to the Committee on the Judiciary, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.

March 10, 2025

HouseCommittee

Committee Consideration and Mark-up Session Held

April 9, 2025

HouseCommittee

Ordered to be Reported in the Nature of a Substitute by Voice Vote.

April 9, 2025

HouseFloor

Mr. Burchett moved to suspend the rules and pass the bill, as amended.

June 23, 2025 • 2:19 PM

HouseFloor

Considered under suspension of the rules. (consideration: CR H2845-2846, H2877-2878)

June 23, 2025 • 2:19 PM

HouseFloor

DEBATE - The House proceeded with forty minutes of debate on H.R. 1998.

June 23, 2025 • 2:19 PM

HouseFloor

At the conclusion of debate, the Yeas and Nays were demanded and ordered. Pursuant to the provisions of clause 8, rule XX, the Chair announced that further proceedings on the motion would be postponed.

June 23, 2025 • 2:26 PM

HouseFloor

Passed/agreed to in House: On motion to suspend the rules and pass the bill, as amended Agreed to by the Yeas and Nays: (2/3 required): 392 - 14 (Roll no. 172). (text: CR H2845-2846)

June 23, 2025 • 6:55 PM

HouseFloor

On motion to suspend the rules and pass the bill, as amended Agreed to by the Yeas and Nays: (2/3 required): 392 - 14 (Roll no. 172). (text: CR H2845-2846)

June 23, 2025 • 6:55 PM

HouseFloor

Motion to reconsider laid on the table Agreed to without objection.

June 23, 2025 • 6:55 PM

SenateIntro Referral

Received in the Senate and Read twice and referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations.

June 24, 2025

Floor Debate

4 members

What members said about H.R. 1998 on the floor

1 Republican3 Democrats
Tim Burchett
Rep. Tim BurchettR-TN-2 · Jun 23, 2025

Mr. Speaker, I move to suspend the rules and pass the bill (H.R. 1998) to require the imposition of sanctions with respect to foreign persons engaged in piracy, and for other purposes, as amended.…

Jonathan L. Jackson
Rep. Jonathan L. JacksonD-IL-1 · Jun 23, 2025

Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may consume. Mr. Speaker, I rise in support my bill, H.R. 1998, Sanction Sea Pirates Act. Over the last few years, we have seen and also been reminded how…

Dina Titus
Rep. Dina TitusD-NV-1 · Jun 23, 2025

Mr. Speaker, I was absent from the floor and the roll call votes today. Had I been present, I would have voted: YEA on Roll Call No. 172, the Motion to Suspend the Rules and Pass H.R. 1998; YEA on…

Greg Stanton
Rep. Greg StantonD-AZ-4 · Jun 23, 2025

Mr. Speaker, I was necessarily absent and missed three votes on the House Floor today. Had I been present, I would have voted YEA on Roll Call No. 172, H.R. 1998; YEA on Roll Call No. 173, H.R. 3394;…

Bill Text

3 versions available

Reading Mode
Latest
Referred in SenateIssued June 24, 2025

IIB

119th CONGRESS

1st Session

H. R. 1998

IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

June 24, 2025

Received; read twice and referred to theCommittee on Foreign Relations

AN ACT

To require the imposition of sanctions with respect to foreign persons engaged in piracy, and for other purposes.


1.

Short title

This Act may be cited as the Sanction Sea Pirates Act of 2025.

2.

Findings

Congress finds the following:

(1)

In 2011, there were 212 attempted attacks against vessels off of the Somali coast, more than 1,000 crew were held hostage, and 35 seafarers were killed.

(2)

Over the past decade through the beginning of 2023, rates of piracy in the Western Indian Ocean subsided.

(3)

Houthi attacks against commercial vessels in the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden since the Hamas terrorist attack against Israel on October 7th have impacted global shipping markets.

(4)

There has been a surge in Somali pirate attacks, beginning in the fall of 2023 and lasting into 2024, that has coincided with and taken advantage of Houthi aggression.

3.

Sense of Congress

It is the sense of Congress that—

(1)

the United States Government should seek to stop piracy all around the world, including off the Somali Coast and in the Gulf of Aden; and

(2)

the United States should seek to work with allies and partners around the globe to combat piracy around the globe and to curb the surge in piracy off of the coast of Somalia and in the Gulf of Aden.

4.

Sanctions

(a)

In general

The President shall impose sanctions described in subsection (b) with respect to any foreign person the President determines knowingly engages in piracy.

(b)

Sanctions described

The sanctions described in this subsection are the following:

(1)

Asset blocking

Notwithstanding the requirements of section 202 of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701), the President may exercise of all powers granted to the President by that Act to the extent necessary to block and prohibit all transactions in all property and interests in property of the foreign person if such property and interests in property are in the United States, come within the United States, or are or come within the possession or control of a United States person.

(2)

Visas, admission, or parole

(A)

In general

An alien who the Secretary of State or the Secretary of Homeland Security (or a designee of one of such Secretaries) knows, or has reason to believe, is described in subsection (a) is—

(i)

inadmissible to the United States;

(ii)

ineligible for a visa or other documentation to enter the United States; and

(iii)

otherwise ineligible to be admitted or paroled into the United States or to receive any other benefit under the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101 et seq.).

(B)

Current visas revoked

(i)

In general

The issuing consular officer, the Secretary of State, or the Secretary of Homeland Security (or a designee of one of such Secretaries) shall, in accordance with section 221(i) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1201(i)), revoke any visa or other entry documentation issued to an alien described in subparagraph (A) regardless of when the visa or other entry documentation is issued.

(ii)

Effect of revocation

A revocation under clause (i)—

(I)

shall take effect immediately; and

(II)

shall automatically cancel any other valid visa or entry documentation that is in the alien’s possession.

(c)

Exceptions

(1)

Exception to comply with international obligations

Sanctions under subsection (b)(2) shall not apply with respect to the admission of an alien if admitting or paroling the alien into the United States is necessary to permit the United States to comply with the Agreement regarding the Headquarters of the United Nations, signed at Lake Success June 26, 1947, and entered into force November 21, 1947, between the United Nations and the United States, or other applicable international obligations.

(2)

Exception relating to the provision of humanitarian assistance

Sanctions under this section may not be imposed with respect to transactions or the facilitation of transactions for—

(A)

the sale of agricultural commodities, food, medicine, or medical devices;

(B)

the provision of humanitarian assistance;

(C)

financial transactions relating to humanitarian assistance; or

(D)

transporting goods or services that are necessary to carry out operations relating to humanitarian assistance.

(3)

Exception for intelligence, law enforcement, and national security activities

Sanctions under this section shall not apply to any authorized intelligence, law enforcement, or national security activities of the United States.

(d)

Classified information

In any judicial review of a determination made under this section, if the determination was based on classified information (as defined in section 1(a) of the Classified Information Procedures Act) such information may be submitted to the reviewing court ex parte and in camera. This subsection may not be construed to confer or imply any right to judicial review.

(e)

Implementation; penalties

(1)

Implementation

The President may exercise all authorities provided to the President under sections 203 and 205 of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1702 and 1704) to carry out this section.

(2)

Penalties

The penalties provided for in subsections (b) and (c) of section 206 of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1705) shall apply to a person that violates, attempts to violate, conspires to violate, or causes a violation of regulations promulgated to carry out this section to the same extent that such penalties apply to a person that commits an unlawful act described in section 206(a) of that Act.

(f)

Waiver

The President may waive the application of sanctions imposed with respect to a foreign person under this section if the President certifies to the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate not later than 15 days before such waiver is to take effect that the waiver is crucial to the national security interests of the United States.

(g)

Exception relating to importation of goods

(1)

In general

The authorities and requirements to impose sanctions authorized under this section shall not include the authority or requirement to impose sanctions on the importation of goods.

(2)

Good defined

In this subsection, the term good means any article, natural or man-made substance, material, supply or manufactured product, including inspection and test equipment, and excluding technical data.

(h)

Definitions

In this section:

(1)

Foreign person

The term foreign person means an individual or entity that is not a United States person.

(2)

United States person

The term United States person means—

(A)

a United States citizen;

(B)

a permanent resident alien of the United States; or

(C)

an entity organized under the laws of the United States or of any jurisdiction within the United States, including a foreign branch of such an entity.


(3)

Piracy

The term piracy means any act in violation of one or more provisions of chapter 81 of title 18, United States Code.

Passed the House of Representatives June 23, 2025.

Kevin F. McCumber,

Clerk.