H.R. 495House119th Congress (2025-2027)Passed House

Subterranean Border Defense Act

Introduced January 16, 2025

AI-Generated Summary

Updated November 24, 2025 at 3:29 AM UTC

The Subterranean Border Defense Act requires the government to produce yearly reports on efforts to stop illegal cross‑border tunnels. It modifies an existing defense authorization law to add a requirement that a strategic plan be followed by annual reporting. The reports are intended to improve oversight of border security operations related to underground tunnels.

Key Provisions

  • Amends the James M. Inhofe National Defense Authorization Act to insert the phrase “and annually thereafter” after “development of the strategic plan,” creating a requirement for annual reports on counter‑illicit cross‑border tunnel operations.

Legislative Activity

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11 earlier actions
SenateIntro Referral Latest Action

Received in the Senate and Read twice and referred to the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs.

March 11, 2025

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HouseIntro Referral

Introduced in House

January 16, 2025

HouseIntro Referral

Referred to the House Committee on Homeland Security.

January 16, 2025

HouseCommittee

Referred to the Subcommittee on Border Security and Enforcement.

January 16, 2025

HouseFloor

Mr. Green (TN) moved to suspend the rules and pass the bill.

March 10, 2025 • 4:01 PM

HouseFloor

Considered under suspension of the rules. (consideration: CR H1045-1046)

March 10, 2025 • 4:01 PM

HouseFloor

DEBATE - The House proceeded with forty minutes of debate on H.R. 495.

March 10, 2025 • 4:01 PM

HouseFloor

At the conclusion of debate, the Yeas and Nays were demanded and ordered. Pursuant to the provisions of clause 8, rule XX, the Chair announced that further proceedings on the motion would be postponed.

March 10, 2025 • 4:08 PM

HouseFloor

Considered as unfinished business. (consideration: CR H1057-1058)

March 10, 2025 • 6:31 PM

HouseFloor

Passed/agreed to in House: On motion to suspend the rules and pass the bill Agreed to by the Yeas and Nays: (2/3 required): 402 - 1 (Roll no. 63). (text: CR H1046)

March 10, 2025 • 6:53 PM

HouseFloor

On motion to suspend the rules and pass the bill Agreed to by the Yeas and Nays: (2/3 required): 402 - 1 (Roll no. 63). (text: CR H1046)

March 10, 2025 • 6:53 PM

HouseFloor

Motion to reconsider laid on the table Agreed to without objection.

March 10, 2025 • 6:53 PM

SenateIntro Referral

Received in the Senate and Read twice and referred to the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs.

March 11, 2025

Floor Debate

4 members

What members said about H.R. 495 on the floor

3 Republicans1 Democrat
Keith Self
Rep. Keith SelfR-TX-3 · Jun 29, 2026

Mr. Speaker, I rise today to address a growing threat to the rule of law in my State of Texas. The rise of sharia, the law of Islam, has reached a tipping point in the Lone Star State, especially in…

Elijah Crane
Rep. Elijah CraneR-AZ-2 · Mar 10, 2025

Mr. Speaker, I rise today to speak in favor of my bill, the Subterranean Border Defense Act, a bipartisan piece of border security legislation that I have introduced alongside the gentleman from…

Mark E. Green
Rep. Mark E. GreenR-TN-7 · Mar 10, 2025

Mr. Speaker, I move to suspend the rules and pass the bill (H.R. 495) to require annual reports on counter illicit cross-border tunnel operations, and for other purposes. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous…

J. Luis Correa
Rep. J. Luis CorreaD-CA-46 · Mar 10, 2025

Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may consume. Mr. Speaker, today, I rise in strong support of H.R. 495 because we need more oversight and information on the threat of tunnels going under…

Bill Text

3 versions available

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Latest
Referred in SenateIssued March 11, 2025

IIB

119th CONGRESS

1st Session

H. R. 495

IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

March 11 (legislative day, March 10), 2025

Received; read twice and referred to the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs

AN ACT

To require annual reports on counter illicit cross-border tunnel operations, and for other purposes.


1.

Short title

This Act may be cited as the Subterranean Border Defense Act.

2.

Annual reports on counter illicit cross-border tunnel operations

Paragraph (2) of section 7134(a) of the James M. Inhofe National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2023 (Public Law 117–263; 6 U.S.C. 257 note) is amended by inserting and annually thereafter after development of the strategic plan.

Passed the House of Representatives March 10, 2025.

Kevin F. McCumber,

Clerk.