S. 1009Senate119th Congress (2025-2027)In Committee

Baltic Security Initiative Act

Introduced March 12, 2025

AI-Generated Summary

Updated November 24, 2025 at 1:59 AM UTC

The Baltic Security Initiative Act directs the Department of Defense to set up a program that boosts the defense capabilities of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania. It aims to deter Russian aggression, align with NATO’s strategic goals, and improve a range of military and cyber capacities in the region. The bill provides $350 million annually for three years and encourages the Baltic states to match U.S. funding.

Key Provisions

  • The Secretary of Defense must create a “Baltic Security Initiative” to deepen security cooperation with Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania.
  • The initiative’s goals are to deter Russian aggression, support NATO’s new Strategic Concept, and improve regional planning for capabilities such as long‑range precision fires, integrated air and missile defense, maritime awareness, large‑caliber ammunition stockpiles, C4ISR, special‑operations forces, and coordination with Poland.
  • It also calls for stronger cyber defenses and resilience to hybrid threats for the Baltic militaries.
  • Within one year, the Secretary must submit a detailed strategy to the Armed Services Committees, considering existing security assistance, Russian threats, and Chinese malign activities.
  • The bill authorizes $350 million per year for FY 2026‑2028 to fund the initiative, and urges the Secretary to seek matching contributions from the Baltic nations.
  • For this bill, “Baltic countries” are defined as Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania.

Legislative Activity

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1 earlier action
SenateIntro Referral Latest Action

Read twice and referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations. (text: CR S1715-1716)

March 12, 2025

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SenateIntro Referral

Introduced in Senate

March 12, 2025

SenateIntro Referral

Read twice and referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations. (text: CR S1715-1716)

March 12, 2025

Floor Debate

3 members

What members said about S. 1009 on the floor

1 Republican2 Democrats
Katie Boyd Britt
Sen. Katie Boyd BrittR-AL · Mar 12, 2025

Mr. President, I rise today to talk about something that I have spoken about on this floor before. Last September, an incredible young woman named Lulu Gribbin really came on to the scene with regard…

Alex Padilla
Sen. Alex PadillaD-CA · Mar 12, 2025

Mr. President, I rise to introduce the bipartisan Fair Access to Agriculture Disaster Programs Act. This legislation would ensure all farmers can access critical U.S. Department of Agriculture…

Richard J. Durbin
Sen. Richard J. DurbinD-IL · Mar 12, 2025

Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that the text of the bill be printed in the Record. Madam President, I ask unanimous consent that the text of the bill be printed in the Record.

Richard J. Durbin
Sen. Richard J. DurbinD-IL · Mar 12, 2025

Madam President, I ask unanimous consent that the text of the bill be printed in the Record.

Bill Text

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Introduced in SenateIssued March 12, 2025

II

119th CONGRESS

1st Session

S. 1009

IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

March 12, 2025

Mr. Durbin (for himself, Mr. Grassley, Mr. Booker, Mr. Padilla, Mr. King, Ms. Slotkin, Ms. Baldwin, Ms. Rosen, Ms. Klobuchar, Mr. Cassidy, Mr. Merkley, and Mr. Gallego) introduced the following bill; which was read twice and referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations

A BILL

To establish the Baltic Security Initiative for the purpose of strengthening the defensive capabilities of the Baltic countries, and for other purposes.

1.

Short title

This Act may be cited as the Baltic Security Initiative Act.

2.

Baltic Security Initiative

(a)

Establishment

Pursuant to the authority provided in chapter 16 of title 10, United States Code, the Secretary of Defense shall establish and carry out an initiative, to be known as the Baltic Security Initiative (in this section referred to as the Initiative), for the purpose of deepening security cooperation with the military forces of the Baltic countries.

(b)

Relationship to existing authorities

The Initiative required by subsection (a) shall be carried out pursuant to the authorities provided in title 10, United States Code.

(c)

Objectives

The objectives of the Initiative shall be—

(1)

to achieve United States national security objectives by—

(A)

deterring aggression by the Russian Federation; and

(B)

implementing the North Atlantic Treaty Organization's new Strategic Concept, which seeks to strengthen the alliance's deterrence and defense posture by denying potential adversaries any possible opportunities for aggression;

(2)

to enhance regional planning and cooperation among the military forces of the Baltic countries, particularly with respect to long-term regional capability projects, including—

(A)

long-range precision fire systems and capabilities;

(B)

integrated air and missile defense;

(C)

maritime domain awareness;

(D)

land forces development, including stockpiling large caliber ammunition;

(E)

command, control, communications, computers, intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance;

(F)

special operations forces development;

(G)

coordination with and security enhancements for Poland, which is a neighboring North Atlantic Treaty Organization ally; and

(H)

other military capabilities, as determined by the Secretary of Defense; and

(3)

with respect to the military forces of the Baltic countries, to improve cyber defenses and resilience to hybrid threats.

(d)

Strategy

(1)

In general

Not later than one year after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense shall submit to the Committees on Armed Services of the Senate and the House of Representatives a report setting forth a strategy for the Department of Defense to achieve the objectives described in subsection (b).

(2)

Considerations

The strategy required by this subsection shall include a consideration of—

(A)

security assistance programs for the Baltic countries authorized as of the date on which the strategy is submitted;

(B)

the ongoing security threats to the North Atlantic Treaty Organization's eastern flank posed by Russian aggression, including as a result of the Russian Federation’s 2022 invasion of Ukraine with support from Belarus; and

(C)

the ongoing security threats to the Baltic countries posed by the presence, coercive economic policies, and other malign activities of the People’s Republic of China.

(e)

Authorization of appropriations

(1)

In general

There is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary of Defense $350,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 2026, 2027, and 2028 to carry out the Initiative.

(2)

Sense of Congress

It is the sense of Congress that the Secretary of Defense should seek to require matching funds from each of the Baltic countries that participate in the Initiative in amounts commensurate with amounts provided by the Department of Defense for the Initiative.

(f)

Baltic countries defined

In this section, the term Baltic countries means—

(1)

Estonia;

(2)

Latvia; and

(3)

Lithuania.