S. 738Senate119th Congress (2025-2027)In Committee

Dangerous Viral Gain of Function Research Moratorium Act

Introduced February 26, 2025

AI-Generated Summary

Updated November 24, 2025 at 2:24 AM UTC

The Dangerous Viral Gain of Function Research Moratorium Act would stop all federal funding for universities and research institutes that conduct high‑risk gain‑of‑function studies on certain viruses, coronaviruses, select agents, toxins, or their synthetic equivalents. By defining the types of research and organisms covered, the bill aims to prevent federal money from supporting work that could increase the danger to public health, national security, or animal health.

Key Provisions

  • Defines “gain‑of‑function research” as any work that genetically alters a virus or other organism to increase its infectivity, transmissibility, pathogenicity, or host range, or that is expected to create such a threat.
  • Specifies that “organism” includes influenza viruses, coronaviruses (including MERS, SARS‑CoV‑1, SARS‑CoV‑2 and related viruses), any agents or toxins on the federal Select Agents and Toxins List, and any synthetic versions of these.
  • Prohibits the award of any federal research grant to a college, university, or other research institute that is conducting the defined dangerous gain‑of‑function research, regardless of other laws.

Legislative Activity

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1 earlier action
SenateIntro Referral Latest Action

Read twice and referred to the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions.

February 26, 2025

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SenateIntro Referral

Introduced in Senate

February 26, 2025

SenateIntro Referral

Read twice and referred to the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions.

February 26, 2025

Floor Debate

2 members

What members said about S. 738 on the floor

1 Republican1 Democrat
Roger Marshall
Sen. Roger MarshallR-KS · Aug 5, 2026

Mr. President, I rise today to ask the Senate body to join me in the stopping of the funding of viral gain-of-function research. Viral gain-of-function research is what led, of course, to the COVID…

Andy Kim
Sen. Andy KimD-NJ · Aug 5, 2026

I object.

Bill Text

Latest available legislative text

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Introduced in SenateIssued February 26, 2025

II

119th CONGRESS

1st Session

S. 738

IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

February 26, 2025

Mr. Marshall (for himself and Mrs. Blackburn) introduced the following bill; which was read twice and referred to the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions

A BILL

To provide a moratorium on all Federal research grants provided to any institution of higher education or other research institute that is conducting dangerous gain-of-function research.

1.

Short title

This Act may be cited as the Dangerous Viral Gain of Function Research Moratorium Act.

2.

Prohibition on Federal research grants for institutions and research institutes conducting dangerous gain-of-function research

(a)

Definitions

In this section:

(1)

Gain-of-function research

The term gain-of-function research means any research that—

(A)

involves the genetic alteration of an organism to change or enhance the organism's biological functions, which change or enhancement may include increased infectivity, transmissibility, pathogenicity, or host range (which is the spectrum of hosts that an organism can infect); or

(B)

may be reasonably anticipated to confer attributes to an organism, such that the organism would have enhanced infectivity, pathogenicity, or transmissibility, or otherwise pose a threat to national security, public safety, or the health of humans, companion animals, or livestock, poultry, seafood and aquaculture species, or game animals.

(2)

Organism

The term organism means an influenza virus, a coronavirus (including a Middle Eastern Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) virus, SARS–CoV–1, SARS–CoV–2, or SARS-like viruses), or an agent or toxin on the Select Agents and Toxins List of the Department of Health and Human Services or the Department of Agriculture under part 331 of title 7, Code of Federal Regulations, part 121 of title 9, Code of Federal Regulations, or part 73 of title 42, Code of Federal Regulations, or any synthetic construct of such virus, agent, or toxin.

(b)

Prohibition

Notwithstanding any other provision of law, no research grants supported by Federal funds may be awarded to institutions of higher education, or other research institutes, that are conducting gain-of-function research.