Mr. Speaker, according to the Foreign Assistance Act, U.S. foreign assistance: ``shall be used in support of, rather than substitution for, the self-help efforts'' of developing countries and ``should focus on establishing and upgrading…
Mr. Speaker, according to the Foreign Assistance Act, U.S. foreign assistance: ``shall be used in support of, rather than substitution for, the self-help efforts'' of developing countries and ``should focus on establishing and upgrading the institutional capacities of developing countries in order to promote long-term development.''
Over 40 years have passed since the enactment of the 1961 Foreign Assistance Act, and countries throughout, the world still face hurdles, including: extreme poverty, hunger, disease, high unemployment, and civil unrest. The U.S. Government only has a limited amount of resources available for international development assistance, and we need to ensure that we spend every dollar in the most efficient way possible to help as many people as possible. I strongly believe that the most efficient way to distribute foreign assistance is through building local capacity.
What exactly is local capacity building? Local capacity building can be defined as a continuous process where individuals, communities, organizations and governments improve their ability to understand and solve their development challenges in a sustainable way. Assistance means ``to give support'' . . . it doesn't mean do it yourself.
The most effective foreign assistance tools are not necessarily tangible things like bulldozers and construction equipment, or hiring American contractors to do the job in-country, but a more powerful and inanimate tool: knowledge. The transfer of knowledge via technical assistance, training and education is what will create long-term, sustainable development. This transfer of technical skills, be it teaching basic business skills for small businesses to flourish, demonstrating how to build wells, explaining the importance of rotating crops, developing a judicial system that hews to the rule of law, or promoting an educational system that provides opportunities for both men and women, is considered local capacity building and is fundamental for sustainable development.
Today, I am introducing a resolution that reaffirms the importance of local capacity building in U.S. foreign assistance programs. As my resolution illustrates, there is legal precedent and also considerable consensus within the development community that building local capacity is the key to creating long-term sustainable development.
But building local capacity isn't just done on an individual level, it needs to be done on a societal level and a governmental institutional level. Problems like poor access to health care, lack of financial literacy, teacher training are long-term, institutional problems. They are not going to be solved by a one-time infusion of foreign aid. Education and training of citizens in the developing world doesn't evaporate when the political climate or funding level changes in the United States or an international NGO reaches its strategic goals and departs.
The goal of local capacity building is to have individuals and governments take ownership of development programs and modify them to achieve lasting results. Where U.S. assistance can make a powerful difference is by providing the technical assistance and training to locals so that they are able to properly address their own problems. Communities can then take this knowledge and find ways to improve their own livelihoods on their own terms and in the appropriate cultural context.
An excellent example of foreign assistance technology transfer is USAID's Coffee Corps program. The U.S. sends renowned U.S. coffee specialists to coffee producing countries to assist coffee farmers in establishing the highest quality beans that will receive a higher market value. This knowledge transfer stays with individual producers and helps create more wealth and development within a rural community.
USAID has an excellent track record in promoting training programs for foreign aid recipients in key areas of economic development, and we need to recognize USAID's efforts and encourage other foreign assistance programs to push for a broadening of the usage of local capacity building within international development.
U.S. foreign assistance must invest heavily in programs that ``train the trainers'', promote educational and cultural exchanges, and fully fund grassroots development programs like the Peace Corps. The Millennium Challenge Corporation, MCC, appears to be making strides in promoting more sustainable development programs, but we must mandate that a country's commitment to building local capacity is a factor when the MCC considers a country's eligibility for funds.
I served as a Peace Corps volunteer in Colombia during the 1960s, and our mantra was: ``Work yourself out of a job.'' Peace Corps volunteers work to educate their counterparts in `best practices' in areas such as agriculture, health, education, small business and IT development. These counterparts are then able to teach these new skills to other community members, enabling local residents to develop and sustain a better quality of life. ``Work yourself out of a job,'' shouldn't just be the mantra of Peace Corps volunteers. It should be reaffirmed as the central tenet of U.S. development assistance so that citizens in developing countries gain the knowledge to improve their lives and, in turn, improve the world.