S.Amdt. 815

1. Adds TITLE XV--ENERGY AND CLIMATE CHANGE on page 768, line 20

   Adds a titlePrinted page

   Inserted: TITLE XV--ENERGY AND CLIMATE CHANGE

   Inserted: SECTION 1501. SHORT TITLE

   Inserted: This title may be cited as the "Energy and Climate Change Act of 2005".

   Inserted: Subtitle A--National Strategy SEC. 1511. DEFINITIONS.

   Inserted: In this subtitle:

   Inserted: (1) Climate-friendly energy technology.--The term "climate-friendly energy technology" means any energy supply, transmission, or end-use technology that, over the life of the technology and compared to similar technology in commercial use--

   Inserted: (A) results in reduced emissions of greenhouse gases or increased sequestration of greenhouse gases; and

   Inserted: (B) may--

   Inserted: (i) substantially lower emissions of other pollutants; or

   Inserted: (ii) generate substantially smaller or less hazardous quantities of solid or liquid waste.

   Inserted: (2) Director.--The term "Director" means the Director of Climate Change Policy appointed under section 1513(a).

   Inserted: (3) Greenhouse gas.--The term "greenhouse gas" means--

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   Inserted: (A) carbon dioxide;

   Inserted: (B) methane;

   Inserted: (C) nitrous oxide;

   Inserted: (D) hydrofluorocarbons;

   Inserted: (E) perflurorocarbons; and

   Inserted: (F) sulfur hexafluoride.

   Inserted: (4) Interagency task force.--The term "Interagency Task Force" means the Interagency Task Force on Climate Change Policy established under section 1514(a).

   Inserted: (5) Stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations.--The term "stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations" means the stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system, recognizing that such a level should be achieved within a time frame sufficient to allow ecosystems to adapt naturally to climate change, to ensure that food production is not threatened, and to enable economic development to proceed in a sustainable manner, as contemplated by the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, done at New York on May 9, 1992.

   Inserted: (6) Strategy.--The term "Strategy" means the national climate change strategy developed or updated under section 1512.

   Inserted: SEC. 1512. NATIONAL CLIMATE CHANGE STRATEGY.

   Inserted: (a) In General.--

   Inserted: (1) Development.--The President, acting through the Interagency Task Force and the Director and in consultation with Congress, shall develop a National Climate Change Strategy.

   Inserted: (2) Actions.--The Strategy shall describe appropriate actions by the United States that, in conjunction with actions by other nations--

   Inserted: (A) will lead to the long-term stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations;

   Inserted: (B) are consistent with the relevant treaty obligations of the United States; and

   Inserted: (C) are carried out in a manner that supports the long-term economic growth of the United States.

   Inserted: (3) Timing.--The Strategy shall reflect the fact that the stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations will take from many decades to more than a century to accomplish, but that significant actions by current and prospective major emitters of greenhouse gases must begin in the near term.

   Inserted: (b) Elements.--The Strategy shall be comprised of--

   Inserted: (1) interim greenhouse gas emission goals and specific near-term and medium-term programs and actions to meet the goals, developed on the basis of a broad range of emission scenarios (including scenarios evaluated by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) and taking into account the need for actions by other nations;

   Inserted: (2) expanded climate-related technology research, development, demonstration, and commercial application activities, including--

   Inserted: (A) a national commitment to double research and development on climate-friendly energy technologies by public and private sectors in the United States; and

   Inserted: (B) domestic and international demonstration and deployment programs that employ bold, breakthrough technologies (including climate-friendly energy technologies) that will make possible a profound transformation of the energy, transportation, industrial, agricultural, and building sectors of the United States;

   Inserted: (3) climate adaptation research that--

   Inserted: (A) assesses the sensitivity, adaptive capacity, and vulnerability of natural and human systems to natural climate variability, climate change, and the potential impacts of the variability and climate change; and

   Inserted: (B) identifies potential strategies and actions that can reduce vulnerability to natural climate variability and climate change and damage resulting from impacts of climate change; and

   Inserted: (4) climate science research that--

   Inserted: (A) continually builds on existing scientific understanding of the climate system; and

   Inserted: (B) focuses on resolving the remaining scientific, technical, and economic uncertainties with respect to the causes of, impacts from, and potential responses to climate change.

   Inserted: (c) Report.--Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment of this Act, the President, acting through the Interagency Task Force and the Director, shall submit to Congress a report that includes--

   Inserted: (1) a description of the Strategy and the goals of the Strategy, including the manner in which the Strategy addresses each of the elements outlined in subsection (b);

   Inserted: (2) an inventory and evaluation of Federal and non-Federal programs and activities intended to carry out the Strategy;

   Inserted: (3) a description of the manner in which the Strategy will serve as a framework for climate change response actions by all Federal agencies, including a description of coordination mechanisms and interagency activities;

   Inserted: (4) a description of the manner in which the Strategy is consistent with other energy, transportation, industrial, agricultural, forestry, environmental, economic, and other relevant policies of the United States;

   Inserted: (5) a description of the manner in which the Strategy--

   Inserted: (A) does not result in serious harm to the economy of the United States;

   Inserted: (B) uses market-oriented mechanisms; and

   Inserted: (C) minimizes any adverse short-term and long-term social, economic, national security, and environmental impacts;

   Inserted: (6) a description of the manner in which changes in energy supply (including a full range of energy sources and technologies) could reduce greenhouse gas emissions;

   Inserted: (7) a description of the manner in which changes in energy end-use (including demand-side management) could reduce greenhouse gas emissions;

   Inserted: (8) a description of the manner in which the Strategy will minimize potential risks associated with climate change to public health and safety, private property, public infrastructure, biological diversity, ecosystems, and domestic food supply and commodities, while not diminishing the quality of life in the United States;

   Inserted: (9) a description of the manner in which the Strategy was developed with participation by, and consultation among, Federal, State, tribal, and local government agencies, nongovernmental organizations, academia, scientific bodies, industry, the public, and other interested parties;

   Inserted: (10) a description of Federal activities that promote, to the maximum extent practicable, public awareness, outreach, and information-sharing to further the understanding of the full range of climate change-related issues; and

   Inserted: (11) recommendations for legislative or administrative changes to Federal programs or activities implemented to carry out the Strategy, in light of new knowledge of climate change and the impacts and costs or benefits of climate change, or technological capacity to improve mitigation or adaptation activities.

   Inserted: (d) Update.--Not later than 4 years after the date of submission of the initial report on the Strategy developed pursuant to this section, and at the end of each 4-year period thereafter, the President shall submit to Congress an updated version of the Strategy, along with an updated report under subsection (c).

   Inserted: (e) National Academy of Sciences Review.--

   Inserted: (1) In general.--Not later than 90 days after the date of publication of the Strategy under subsection (c) and each update under subsection (d), the Director of the National Science Foundation, on behalf of the Director and the Interagency Task Force, shall enter into appropriate arrangements with the National Academy of Sciences to conduct a review of the Strategy or update.

   Inserted: (2) Criteria.--The review by the National Academy of Sciences shall evaluate the goals and recommendations contained in the Strategy or update, taking into consideration--

   Inserted: (A) the adequacy of effort and the appropriateness of focus of the totality of all public, private, and public-private sector actions of the United States with respect to the Strategy;

   Inserted: (B) the adequacy of the budget and the effectiveness with which each participating Federal agency is carrying out the responsibilities of the Federal agency;

   Inserted: (C) current scientific knowledge regarding climate change and the impacts of climate change;

   Inserted: (D) current understanding of human social and economic responses to climate change, and responses of natural ecosystems to climate change;

   Inserted: (E) advancements in energy technologies that reduce, avoid, or sequester greenhouse gases or otherwise mitigate the risks of climate change;

   Inserted: (F) current understanding of economic costs and benefits of mitigation or adaptation activities;

   Inserted: (G) the existence of alternative policy options that could achieve the Strategy goals at lower economic, environmental, or social cost; and

   Inserted: (H) international activities and the actions taken by the United States and other nations to achieve the long-term goals of the Strategy.

   Inserted: (3) Report.--

   Inserted: (A) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the submission to Congress of the Strategy or update, as appropriate, the National Academy of Sciences shall prepare and submit to Congress and the President a report concerning the results of the review of the National Academy of Sciences, along with any recommendations, as appropriate.

   Inserted: (B) Availability to public.--The report under subparagraph (A) shall be made available to the public.

   Inserted: (f) Savings Provision.--Nothing in this section creates a new legal obligation for any person or other entity (except for prescribing duties in connection with the development, updating, and review of the Strategy).

   Inserted: (g) Conforming Amendment.--Section 1103(b) of the Global Climate Protection Act of 1987 (15 U.S.C. 2901 note; Public Law 100-204) is amended by inserting ", the Department of Energy, and other Federal agencies as appropriate" after "Environmental Protection Agency".

   Inserted: SEC. 1513. DIRECTOR OF CLIMATE CHANGE POLICY.

   Inserted: (a) Appointment.--The President shall appoint a qualified individual within the Executive Office of the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, to serve as the Director of Climate Change Policy.

   Inserted: (b) Duties.--The Director shall carry out climate change policy activities and shall--

   Inserted: (1) coordinate the development and periodic update of the Strategy;

   Inserted: (2) facilitate the work of the Interagency Task Force and serve as the primary liaison between Federal agencies in developing and implementing the Strategy;

   Inserted: (3) coordinate the submission of Federal agency budget requests as needed to carry out interagency programs and policies necessary to meet the goals of the Strategy;

   Inserted: (4) advise the President concerning--

   Inserted: (A) necessary changes in organization, management, budgeting, and personnel allocation of Federal agencies involved in climate change activities;

   Inserted: (B) the extent to which existing or newly created tax, trade, or foreign policies and energy, transportation, industrial, agricultural, forestry, building, and other relevant sector programs are capable of achieving the Strategy individually or in combination; and

   Inserted: (C) the extent to which any proposed international treaties or components of treaties that have an influence on activities that affect greenhouse gas emissions are consistent with the Strategy;

   Inserted: (5) establish and maintain a process to ensure the participation of Federal, State, tribal, and local government agencies, nongovernmental organizations, academia, scientific bodies, industry, the public, and other interested parties in the formulation of climate change-related advice to be provided to the President; and

   Inserted: (6) promote public awareness, outreach, and information sharing to further the understanding of climate change-related issues.

   Inserted: (c) Personnel.--

   Inserted: (1) In general.--The Director may employ a professional staff of not more than 10 individuals to carry out the responsibilities and duties prescribed in this section.

   Inserted: (2) Other agencies and institutions.--In addition to the personnel employed under paragraph (1), the Director may obtain staff for a limited term from Federal agencies, State agencies, institutions of higher education, nonprofit institutions of a scientific or technical character, or a National Laboratory, pursuant to--

   Inserted: (A) section 3374 of title 5, United States Code;

   Inserted: (B) section 14(a)(2) of the National Science Foundation Act of 1950 (42 U.S.C. 1873(a)(2)); or

   Inserted: (C) section 301 of the Hydrogen Future Act of 1996 (42 U.S.C. 7238).

   Inserted: (d) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be appropriated to the Executive Office of the President for the Director to carry out the duties under this section $5,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2006 through 2015, to remain available until expended.

   Inserted: SEC. 1514. INTERAGENCY TASK FORCE ON CLIMATE CHANGE.

   Inserted: (a) In General.--The President shall establish an Interagency Task Force on Climate Change to coordinate Federal climate change activities and programs carried out in furtherance of the Strategy.

   Inserted: (b) Composition.--The Interagency Task Force shall be composed of--

   Inserted: (1) the Director, who shall serve as Chairperson;

   Inserted: (2) the Secretary of State;

   Inserted: (3) the Secretary of Energy;

   Inserted: (4) the Secretary of Defense;

   Inserted: (5) the Secretary of Commerce;

   Inserted: (6) the Secretary of Transportation;

   Inserted: (7) the Secretary of Agriculture;

   Inserted: (8) the Secretary of the Interior;

   Inserted: (9) the Director of the National Science Foundation;

   Inserted: (10) the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration;

   Inserted: (11) the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency;

   Inserted: (12) the Chairman of the Council of Economic Advisers;

   Inserted: (13) the Chairman of the Council on Environmental Quality;

   Inserted: (14) the Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy;

   Inserted: (15) the Director of the Office of Management and Budget; and

   Inserted: (16) the heads of such other Federal agencies as the President considers to be appropriate.

   Inserted: (c) Strategy.--The Interagency Task Force shall serve as the primary forum through which the Federal agencies represented on the Interagency Task Force jointly advise the President on--

   Inserted: (1) the development and periodic update of the Strategy; and

   Inserted: (2) the implementation of interagency and agency programs to carry out activities in furtherance of the goals and objectives of the Strategy.

   Inserted: (d) Working Groups.--

   Inserted: (1) In general.--The Director, in consultation with the members of the Interagency Task Force, may establish such topical working groups as may be necessary to carry out the duties of the Interagency Task Force in furtherance of the Strategy, taking into consideration the elements of the Strategy as outlined in this subtitle.

   Inserted: (2) Composition.--The working groups may be comprised of members of the Interagency Task Force or their designees.

   Inserted: (e) Staff.--The Federal agencies represented on the Interagency Task Force may provide staff from the agencies to support information, data collection, and analyses required by the Interagency Task Force.

   Inserted: (f) Hearings.--On the request of the Director, the Interagency Task Force may hold such hearings, meet and act at such times and places, take such testimony, and receive such evidence as the Interagency Task Force considers to be appropriate.

   Inserted: SEC. 1515. ANNUAL REPORT.

   Inserted: In consultation with the Interagency Task Force and other interested parties, the Director shall prepare an annual report for submission by the President to Congress, along with the budget request under section 1105 of title 31, United States Code, that includes--

   Inserted: (1) a description of the Strategy and the goals of the Strategy;

   Inserted: (2) an inventory of Federal programs and activities intended to carry out the Strategy;

   Inserted: (3) an evaluation of Federal programs and activities implemented as part of the Strategy against the goals outlined in the Strategy;

   Inserted: (4) a description of changes to Federal programs or activities implemented to carry out the Strategy, in light of new knowledge of climate change and the impacts and costs or benefits of climate change, or technological capacity to improve mitigation or adaptation activities;

   Inserted: (5)(A) a description of all Federal spending on climate change for the current fiscal year and each of the 5 preceding fiscal years, categorized by Federal agency and program function (including scientific research, energy research and development, international conservation and technology transfer, regulation, education, and other activities); and

   Inserted: (B) a recommendation for Federal spending on climate change for the next fiscal year;

   Inserted: (6) an estimate of the budgetary impact for the current fiscal year and each of the 5 preceding fiscal years of any Federal tax credits, tax deductions, or other incentives claimed by taxpayers that are attributable to greenhouse gas emission reduction activities;

   Inserted: (7) an estimate of the quantity, in metric tons, of greenhouse gas emissions reduced, avoided, or sequestered as a result of the implementation of the Strategy; and

   Inserted: (8) recommendations for legislative or administrative actions or adjustments that will accelerate progress towards meeting the goals contained in the Strategy or improve the efficiency and effectiveness of Federal programs that are part of the Strategy.

   Inserted: SEC. 1516. INTEGRATION WITH OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY.

   Inserted: (a) Priority Goals.--Section 101(b) of the National Science and Technology Policy, Organization, and Practices Act of 1976 (42 U.S.C. 6601(b)) is amended--

   Inserted: (1) by redesignating paragraphs (7) through (13) as paragraphs (8) through (14), respectively; and

   Inserted: (2) by inserting after paragraph (6) the following:

   Inserted: "(7) improving efforts to understand, assess, predict, mitigate, and respond to global climate change;".

   Inserted: (b) Functions of the Director.--Section 204(b)(1) of the National Science and Technology Policy, Organization, and Practices Act of 1976 (42 U.S.C. 6613(b)(1)) is amended by striking ", but not limited to," and inserting "global climate change,".

   Inserted: (c) Additional Functions of Director.--Section 207 of the National Science and Technology Policy, Organization, and Practices Act of 1976 (42 U.S.C. 6616) is amended--

   Inserted: (1) by redesignating subsections (a), (b), and (c) as subsections (b), (c), and (d), respectively; and

   Inserted: (2) by inserting before subsection (b) (as so redesignated) the following:

   Inserted: "(a) Advice to Director of Climate Change Policy.--In carrying out this Act, the Director shall advise the Director of Climate Change Policy on matters concerning science and technology as the matters relate to global climate change.".

   Inserted: Subtitle B--Technology Programs SEC. 1521. OFFICE OF CLIMATE CHANGE TECHNOLOGY.

   Inserted: (a) In General.--Title II of the Department of Energy Organization Act (42 U.S.C. 7131 et seq.) (as amended by section 502(a)) is amended by adding at the end the following:

   Inserted: "office of climate change technology

   Inserted: "Sec. 218. (a) There shall be established within the Department an Office of Climate Change Technology to be headed by a Director, who shall--

   Inserted: "(1) be appointed in the Senior Executive Service; and

   Inserted: "(2) report to the Secretary in such manner as the Secretary may prescribe.

   Inserted: "(b) The Director shall be a person who, by reason of professional background and experience, is specially qualified to coordinate climate change policy and technical activities.

   Inserted: "(c) The Director shall--

   Inserted: "(1) promote and coordinate issues, policies, and activities within the Department related to climate change and coordinate the issuance of such reports relating to climate change as may be required by law;

   Inserted: "(2) lead the formulation and periodic revision of a comprehensive strategy of the Department for energy research, development, demonstration, and commercial application to implement national climate change strategy, including quantitative performance and deployment goals for energy technologies that reduce, avoid, or sequester emissions of greenhouse gases;

   Inserted: "(3) analyze the research, development, demonstration, and commercial application activities of the Department to assess the contribution of the activities to the strategy under paragraph (2) and make recommendations to the appropriate officers of the Department;

   Inserted: "(4) facilitate, in cooperation with appropriate programs of the Department, the development of domestic and international cooperative research and development agreements (as that term is defined in section 12(d) of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3710a(d))), or similar cooperative, cost-shared partnerships with non-Federal organizations to accelerate the rate of domestic and international demonstration and deployment of energy technologies that reduce, avoid, or sequester emissions of greenhouse gases;

   Inserted: "(5) participate in the planning activities of relevant Department programs;

   Inserted: "(6) participate in the development and assessment of domestic and international policies in order to determine and report on the effects of the policies on the generation, reduction, avoidance, and sequestration of greenhouse gases from activities related to the production and use of energy;

   Inserted: "(7) help develop national climate change strategy by--

   Inserted: "(A) fostering the development of tools, data, and capabilities to ensure that the United States has a robust capability for evaluating alternative climate change response scenarios and that the Office can provide long-term analytical continuity on climate change issues; and

   Inserted: "(B) providing technical support, on request, to the President, interagency groups, or other Federal agencies;

   Inserted: "(8) carry out programs to raise public awareness of climate change, the relationship of climate change to energy production and use, and means by which to mitigate human-induced climate change through changes in energy production or use;

   Inserted: "(9) at the direction of the Secretary or another appropriate officer of the Department, serve as the representative of the Department for interagency and multilateral policy discussions relating to global climate change, including the activities of--

   Inserted: "(A) the Committee on Earth and Environmental Sciences established by section 102 of the Global Change Research Act of 1990 (15 U.S.C. 2932) and any successor committee; and

   Inserted: "(B) other interagency committees coordinating policies or activities relating to global climate change; and

   Inserted: "(10) in accordance with law administered by the Secretary and other applicable Federal law and contracts (including patent and intellectual property laws) and in furtherance of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, done at New York on May 9, 1992--

   Inserted: "(A) identify for, and transfer, deploy, diffuse, and apply to, parties to the Convention (including the United States) any technologies, practices, or processes that reduce, avoid, or sequester emissions of greenhouse gases if the technologies, practices, or processes have been developed with funding from the Department or any of the facilities or laboratories of the Department; and

   Inserted: "(B) support reasonable efforts by the parties to the Convention (including the United States) to identify and remove legal, trade, financial, and other barriers to the use and application of any technologies, practices, or processes that reduce, avoid, or sequester emissions of greenhouse gases.".

   Inserted: (b) Conforming Amendments.--

   Inserted: (1) Section 1603 of the Energy Policy Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 13383) is repealed.

   Inserted: (2) The table of contents for the Energy Policy Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. prec. 13201) is amended by striking the item relating to section 1603.

   Inserted: (3) The table of contents for the Department of Energy Organization Act (42 U.S.C. prec. 7101) (as amended by section 502(b)(1)(B)) is amended by adding at the end of the items relating to title II the following:

   Inserted: "Sec. 217. Office of Climate Change Technology.".

   Inserted: SEC. 1522. CLIMATE CHANGE AND CLEAN ENERGY TECHNOLOGY PROGRAMS.

   Inserted: (a) In General.--Title XVI of the Energy Policy Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 13381 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following:

   Inserted: "SEC. 1610. CLIMATE CHANGE TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM.

   Inserted: "(a) Establishment.--There is established within the Office of Climate Change Technology of the Department a program to support accelerated research and development projects on energy technologies that--

   Inserted: "(1) have significant potential to--

   Inserted: "(A) reduce or avoid anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases;

   Inserted: "(B) remove and sequester greenhouse gases from emission streams; or

   Inserted: "(C) remove and sequester greenhouse gases from the atmosphere;

   Inserted: "(2) are not being addressed significantly by other Department programs;

   Inserted: "(3) would represent a substantial advance beyond currently available technology; and

   Inserted: "(4) are not expected to be applied commercially before 2020.

   Inserted: "(b) Program Plan.--

   Inserted: "(1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this section, the Secretary shall prepare and submit to Congress a 10-year program plan to guide activities to be carried out under this section.

   Inserted: "(2) Updates.--After the initial preparation and submission of the plan, the Secretary shall biennially update and resubmit to Congress the program plan, including--

   Inserted: "(A) an evaluation of progress toward meeting the goals of the comprehensive strategy of the Department for energy research, development, demonstration, and commercial application to implement the National Climate Change Strategy;

   Inserted: "(B) an evaluation of the contributions of all energy technology programs of the Department to the National Climate Change Strategy; and

   Inserted: "(C) recommendations for actions by the Department and other Federal agencies to address the components of energy-related technology development that are necessary to support the National Climate Change Strategy.

   Inserted: "(c) Proposals.--

   Inserted: "(1) In general.--A proposal may be submitted by an applicant or consortium of 1 or more--

   Inserted: "(A) industrial entities;

   Inserted: "(B) institutions of higher education (as that term is defined in section 101(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001(a))); or

   Inserted: "(C) National Laboratories.

   Inserted: "(2) Minimum requirements.--At a minimum, each proposal shall include--

   Inserted: "(A) a multiyear management plan that outlines the manner in which the proposed research, development, demonstration, and deployment activities will be carried out;

   Inserted: "(B) quantitative technology goals and greenhouse gas emission reduction targets that can be used to measure performance against program objectives;

   Inserted: "(C) the total cost of the proposal for each year for which funding is requested, and a breakdown of those costs by category;

   Inserted: "(D) evidence that the applicant has in existence or has access to--

   Inserted: "(i) the technical capability to enable the applicant to make use of existing research support and facilities in carrying out the objectives of the proposal;

   Inserted: "(ii) a multidisciplinary research staff experienced in technologies or practices able to sequester, avoid, or capture greenhouse gas emissions;

   Inserted: "(iii) access to facilities and equipment to enable the conduct of laboratory-scale testing or demonstration of technologies or related processes undertaken through the program; and

   Inserted: "(iv) a commitment for matching funds and other resources as may be needed from non-Federal sources, including cash, equipment, services, materials, appropriate technology transfer activities, and other assets directly related to the cost of the proposal;

   Inserted: "(E) evidence that the proposed activities are supplemental to, and not duplicative of, existing research and development activities carried out, funded, or otherwise supported by the Department;

   Inserted: "(F) a description of the technology transfer mechanisms and public-private partnerships that the applicant will use to make available research results to industry and to other researchers;

   Inserted: "(G) a statement whether the unique capabilities of a National Laboratory warrant collaboration with that Laboratory, and the extent of any such collaboration proposed; and

   Inserted: "(H) evidence of the ability of the applicant to undertake and complete the proposed project.

   Inserted: "(d) Centers.--

   Inserted: "(1) In general.--The Secretary may fund 1 or more centers to improve--

   Inserted: "(A) methods of climate monitoring and prediction;

   Inserted: "(B) climate modeling; or

   Inserted: "(C) quality and dissemination of climate data from Department or other Federal climate change programs.

   Inserted: "(2) Location.--In reviewing proposals for centers under competitive procedures, the Secretary shall seek to locate centers in regions that face significant climate-related ecosystem challenges.

   Inserted: "(e) Procurement Authorities.--The Office of Climate Change Technology may use any of the authorities available to the Department--

   Inserted: "(1) to solicit proposals for projects under this section; and

   Inserted: "(2) to encourage partnerships that will increase the likelihood of success of the projects.

   Inserted: "(f) Relationship to Department Programs.--Each project funded under this section shall be--

   Inserted: "(1) initiated only after consultation by the Office of Climate Change Technology with 1 or more appropriate offices in the Department that support research and development in areas relating to the project; and

   Inserted: "(2) either--

   Inserted: "(A) managed directly by the Office of Climate Change Technology; or

   Inserted: "(B) managed by the appropriate office (or by a cross-functional team from several offices) in the Department that supports research and development in areas related to the project, using funds transferred by the Office of Climate Change Technology.

   Inserted: "(g) Cost Sharing.--

   Inserted: "(1) In general.--Except as provided in paragraph (2), each project under subsection (a) shall be subject only to such cost-sharing requirements as the Office of Climate Change Technology may provide.

   Inserted: "(2) Publication.--Each cost-sharing agreement under this subsection shall be published in the Federal Register by the Office of Climate Change Technology.

   Inserted: "(h) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out this section $40,000,000 for fiscal year 2006 and $400,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2007 through 2016, to remain available until expended.

   Inserted: "SEC. 1611. CLEAN ENERGY TECHNOLOGY EXPORTS PROGRAM.

   Inserted: "(a) Definitions.--In this section:

   Inserted: "(1) Clean energy technology.--The term 'clean energy technology' means an energy supply or end-use technology that, over the life cycle of the technology and compared to a similar technology already in commercial use in any developing country or country with an economy in transition--

   Inserted: "(A) results in reduced emissions of greenhouse gases; and

   Inserted: "(B)(i) may substantially lower emissions of air pollutants; or

   Inserted: "(ii) may generate substantially smaller or less hazardous quantities of solid or liquid waste.

   Inserted: "(2) Country with an economy in transition.--The term 'country with an economy in transition' means a country listed in Annex I of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, done at New York on May 9, 1992, with the notation that the country is 1 of the 'Countries that are undergoing the process of transition to a market economy.'.

   Inserted: "(3) Developing country.--The term 'developing country' means any country not listed in Annex I of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, done at New York on May 9, 1992.

   Inserted: "(4) Interagency working group.--The term 'interagency working group' means the Interagency Working Group on Clean Energy Technology Exports established under subsection (b).

   Inserted: "(b) Interagency Working Group.--

   Inserted: "(1) In general.--Not later than 90 days after the date of enactment of this section, the Secretary, the Secretary of Commerce, and the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development shall jointly establish a Interagency Working Group on Clean Energy Technology Exports.

   Inserted: "(2) Composition.--The interagency working group shall--

   Inserted: "(A) be jointly chaired by representatives appointed by the agency heads under paragraph (1); and

   Inserted: "(B) include representatives from--

   Inserted: "(i) the Department of State;

   Inserted: "(ii) the Department of the Treasury;

   Inserted: "(iii) the Environmental Protection Agency;

   Inserted: "(iv) the Export-Import Bank;

   Inserted: "(v) the Overseas Private Investment Corporation;

   Inserted: "(vi) the Trade and Development Agency; and

   Inserted: "(vii) other Federal agencies determined to be appropriate by all 3 agency heads under paragraph (1).

   Inserted: "(3) Subsidiary working groups.--The interagency working group may establish such subsidiary working groups as are necessary to carry out this section.

   Inserted: "(4) Program.--The interagency working group shall develop a program, consistent with the subsidy codes of the World Trade Organization, to open and expand energy markets and transfer clean energy technology to those developing countries and countries with an economy in transition that are expected to experience, over the next 20 years, the most significant growth in energy production and associated greenhouse gas emissions, including through technology transfer programs under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, done at New York on May 9, 1992, other international agreements, and relevant Federal efforts.

   Inserted: "(5) Duties.--The interagency working group shall--

   Inserted: "(A) analyze technology, policy, and market opportunities for international development, demonstration, and deployment of clean energy technology;

   Inserted: "(B) investigate issues associated with--

   Inserted: "(i) building capacity to deploy clean energy technology in developing countries and countries with an economy in transition, including energy sector reform;

   Inserted: "(ii) creation of open, transparent, and competitive markets for clean energy technologies;

   Inserted: "(iii) availability of trained personnel to deploy and maintain the clean energy technology; and

   Inserted: "(iv) demonstration and cost-buydown mechanisms to promote first adoption of the technology;

   Inserted: "(C) examine relevant trade, tax, international, and other policy issues to assess what policies would help open markets and improve United States clean energy technology exports in support of--

   Inserted: "(i) enhancing energy innovation and cooperation, including energy sector and market reform, capacity building, and financing measures;

   Inserted: "(ii) improving energy end-use efficiency technologies, including buildings and facilities, vehicle, industrial, and cogeneration technology initiatives; and

   Inserted: "(iii) promoting energy supply technologies, including fossil, nuclear, and renewable technology initiatives;

   Inserted: "(D) establish an advisory committee involving the private sector and other interested groups on the export and deployment of clean energy technology;

   Inserted: "(E) establish a single coordinated mechanism for information dissemination to the private sector and the public on clean energy technologies and clean energy technology transfer opportunities;

   Inserted: "(F) monitor the progress of each agency represented in the interagency working group towards meeting goals in the 5-year strategic plan submitted to Congress pursuant to the Energy and Water Development Appropriations Act, 2001 (Public Law 106-377), and the Energy and Water Development Appropriations Act, 2002 (Public Law 107-66);

   Inserted: "(G) make recommendations to heads of appropriate Federal agencies on ways to streamline Federal programs and policies to improve the role of each agency in the international development, demonstration, and deployment of clean energy technology;

   Inserted: "(H) make assessments and recommendations regarding the distinct technological, market, regional, and stakeholder challenges necessary to carry out the program; and

   Inserted: "(I) recommend conditions and criteria that will help ensure that United States funds promote sound energy policies in participating countries while simultaneously opening the markets of the participating countries and exporting United States clean energy technology.

   Inserted: "(c) Federal Support for Clean Energy Technology Transfer.--Notwithstanding any other provision of law, each Federal agency or Government corporation carrying out an assistance program in support of the activities of United States persons in the environment or energy sector of a developing country or country with an economy in transition shall support, to the maximum extent practicable, the transfer of United States clean energy technology as part of the program.

   Inserted: "(d) Annual Report.--

   Inserted: "(1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this section, and on March 31 of each year thereafter, the interagency working group shall submit to Congress a report on the activities of the interagency working group during the preceding calendar year.

   Inserted: "(2) Content.--The report shall include--

   Inserted: "(A) a description of the technology, policy, and market opportunities for international development, demonstration, and deployment of clean energy technology investigated by the interagency working group in that year; and

   Inserted: "(B) any policy recommendations to improve the expansion of clean energy markets and United States clean energy technology exports.

   Inserted: "(e) Report on Use of Funds.--Not later than January 1, 2006, and each year thereafter, the Secretary of State, in consultation with other Federal agencies, shall submit to Congress a report describing the manner in which United States funds appropriated for clean energy technology exports and other relevant Federal programs are being directed in a manner that promotes sound energy policy commitments in developing countries and countries with economies in transition, including efforts pursuant to multilateral environmental agreements.

   Inserted: "(f) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be appropriated to the departments, agencies, and entities of the United States described in subsection (b) such sums as are necessary to support the transfer of clean energy technology as part of assistance programs carried out by those departments, agencies, and entities in support of activities of United States persons in the energy sector of a developing country or country with an economy in transition.

   Inserted: "SEC. 1612. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY TECHNOLOGY DEPLOYMENT PROGRAM.

   Inserted: "(a) Definitions.--In this section:

   Inserted: "(1) Developing country.--The term 'developing country' means any country not listed in Annex I of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, done at New York on May 9, 1992.

   Inserted: "(2) Institution of higher education.--The term 'institution of higher education' has the same meaning given the term in section 101(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001(a)).

   Inserted: "(3) International energy deployment project.--The term 'international energy deployment project' means a project--

   Inserted: "(A) to--

   Inserted: "(i) construct an energy production facility outside the United States for the production of energy to be consumed outside the United States; or

   Inserted: "(ii) improve the efficiency of energy use outside the United States, if the energy is also generated and consumed outside the United States; and

   Inserted: "(B) that, when deployed, results in a greenhouse gas reduction per unit of energy produced or used (when compared to the technology that would otherwise be deployed) of--

   Inserted: "(i) 20 percentage points or more, in the case of a unit or energy-efficiency measure placed in service before January 1, 2010;

   Inserted: "(ii) 40 percentage points or more, in the case of a unit or energy-efficiency measure placed in service after December 31, 2009, and before January 1, 2020; or

   Inserted: "(iii) 60 percentage points or more, in the case of a unit or energy-efficiency measure placed in service after December 31, 2019, and before January 1, 2030.

   Inserted: "(4) Qualifying international energy deployment project.--The term 'qualifying international energy deployment project' means an international energy deployment project that--

   Inserted: "(A) is submitted by a United States firm to the Secretary in accordance with procedures established by the Secretary by regulation;

   Inserted: "(B) meets the criteria of section 1608(k), and uses technology that has been successfully developed or deployed in the United States;

   Inserted: "(C) is selected by the Secretary without regard to the country in which the project is located, with notice of the selection being published in the Federal Register; and

   Inserted: "(D) complies with such other terms and conditions as the Secretary establishes by regulation.

   Inserted: "(5) State.--The term 'State' means--

   Inserted: "(A) a State;

   Inserted: "(B) the District of Columbia;

   Inserted: "(C) the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico; and

   Inserted: "(D) any other territory or possession of the United States.

   Inserted: "(6) United states.--The term 'United States', when used in a geographical sense, means all of the States.

   Inserted: "(b) Pilot Program for Financial Assistance.--

   Inserted: "(1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this section, the Secretary shall, by regulation, provide for a pilot program that provides financial assistance for qualifying international energy deployment projects.

   Inserted: "(2) Financial assistance.--

   Inserted: "(A) In general.--For each qualifying international energy deployment project selected by the Secretary to participate in the pilot program, the Secretary shall make available a loan or loan guarantee for not more than 50 percent of the total cost of the project, to be repaid at an interest rate equal to the rate for Treasury obligations then issued for periods of comparable maturity.

   Inserted: "(B) Developed countries.--A loan or loan guarantee made available for a project to be carried out in a country listed in Annex I of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, done at New York on May 9, 1992, shall require at least a 50 percent contribution towards the total cost of the loan or loan guarantee by the host country.

   Inserted: "(C) Developing countries.--A loan or loan guarantee made for a project to be carried out in a developing country shall require at least a 10 percent contribution toward the total cost of the loan or loan guarantee by the host country.

   Inserted: "(D) Capacity building research.--

   Inserted: "(i) In general.--A proposal made for a project to be carried out in a developing country may include a research component intended to build technological capacity within the host country.

   Inserted: "(ii) Research.--The research shall--

   Inserted: "(I) be related to the technologies being deployed; and

   Inserted: "(II) involve both an institution in the host country and a participant from the United States that is either an industrial entity, an institution of higher education, or a National Laboratory.

   Inserted: "(iii) Host institution contribution.--The host institution shall contribute at least 50 percent of funds provided for the capacity-building research.

   Inserted: "(c) Coordination With Other Programs.--A qualifying international energy deployment project funded under this section shall not be eligible as a qualifying clean coal technology under section 415 of the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. 7651n).

   Inserted: "(d) Report and Recommendation.--

   Inserted: "(1) Report.--Not later than 5 years after the date of enactment of this section, the Secretary shall submit to the President a report on the results of the pilot projects conducted under this section.

   Inserted: "(2) Recommendation.--Not later than 60 days after receiving the report, the President shall submit to Congress a recommendation, based on the results of the pilot projects as reported by the Secretary, concerning whether the financial assistance program under this section should be continued, expanded, reduced, or eliminated.

   Inserted: "(e) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out this section $100,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2006 through 2015, to remain available until expended.".

   Inserted: (b) Definition of National Laboratory.--Section 2 of the Energy Policy Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 13201) is amended to read as follows:

   Inserted: "SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS.

   Inserted: "In this Act:

   Inserted: "(1) National laboratory.--The term 'National Laboratory' means any of the following laboratories owned by the Department of Energy:

   Inserted: "(A) Ames Laboratory.

   Inserted: "(B) Argonne National Laboratory.

   Inserted: "(C) Brookhaven National Laboratory.

   Inserted: "(D) Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory.

   Inserted: "(E) Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory.

   Inserted: "(F) Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory.

   Inserted: "(G) Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory.

   Inserted: "(H) Los Alamos National Laboratory.

   Inserted: "(I) National Energy Technology Laboratory.

   Inserted: "(J) National Renewable Energy Laboratory.

   Inserted: "(K) Oak Ridge National Laboratory.

   Inserted: "(L) Pacific Northwest National Laboratory.

   Inserted: "(M) Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory.

   Inserted: "(N) Sandia National Laboratories.

   Inserted: "(O) Stanford Linear Accelerator Center.

   Inserted: "(P) Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility.

   Inserted: "(2) Secretary.--The term 'Secretary' means the Secretary of Energy.".

   Inserted: (c) Conforming Amendments.--The table of contents for the Energy Policy Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. prec. 13201) is amended--

   Inserted: (1) by striking the item relating to section 2 and inserting the following:

   Inserted: "Sec. 2. Definitions.";

   Inserted: and

   Inserted: (2) by adding at the end of the items relating to title XVI the following:

   Inserted: "Sec. 1610. Climate change technology program.

   Inserted: "Sec. 1611. Clean energy technology exports program.

   Inserted: "Sec. 1612. International energy technology deployment program.".

   Inserted: SEC. 1523. COMPREHENSIVE PLANNING AND PROGRAMMING FOR ENERGY RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT, AND DEMONSTRATION.

   Inserted: Section 6 of the Federal Nonnuclear Energy Research and Development Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5905) is amended--

   Inserted: (1) in the second sentence of subsection (a)--

   Inserted: (A) in paragraph (2), by striking "and" at the end;

   Inserted: (B) in paragraph (3), by striking the period at the end and inserting ", and"; and

   Inserted: (C) by adding at the end the following--

   Inserted: "(4) solutions to the effective management of greenhouse gas emissions in the long term by the development of technologies and practices designed to--

   Inserted: "(A) reduce or avoid anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases;

   Inserted: "(B) remove and sequester greenhouse gases from emission streams; and

   Inserted: "(C) remove and sequester greenhouse gases from the atmosphere."; and

   Inserted: (2) in subsection (b)--

   Inserted: (A) in the first sentence of paragraph (2), by striking "subsection (a)(1) through (3)" and inserting "paragraphs (1) through (4) of subsection (a)"; and

   Inserted: (B) in the second sentence of paragraph (3)--

   Inserted: (i) in subparagraph (R), by striking "and" at the end;

   Inserted: (ii) in subparagraph (S), by striking the period at the end and inserting "; and"; and

   Inserted: (iii) by adding at the end the following:

   Inserted: "(T) to pursue a long-term climate technology strategy designed to demonstrate a variety of technologies by which stabilization of greenhouse gases might be best achieved, including accelerated research, development, demonstration, and deployment of--

   Inserted: "(i) renewable energy systems;

   Inserted: "(ii) advanced fossil energy technology;

   Inserted: "(iii) advanced nuclear power plant design;

   Inserted: "(iv) fuel cell technology for residential, industrial, and transportation applications;

   Inserted: "(v) carbon capture and sequestration practices and technologies, including agricultural and forestry practices that store and sequester carbon;

   Inserted: "(vi) efficient electrical generation, transmission, and distribution technologies; and

   Inserted: "(vii) efficient end-use energy technologies.".

   Inserted: Subtitle C--Greenhouse Gas Emissions Database SEC. 1531. DEFINITIONS.

   Inserted: In this subtitle:

   Inserted: (1) Administering institution.--The term "administering institution" means the institution selected under section 1532(c) to operate and administer the database.

   Inserted: (2) Carbon dioxide equivalent.--The term "carbon dioxide equivalent" means, with respect to each greenhouse gas, the quantity of the greenhouse gas that makes the same contribution to global warming as 1 metric ton of carbon dioxide.

   Inserted: (3) Database.--The term "database" means the national greenhouse gas emissions database established under section 1532(b).

   Inserted: (4) Designated agencies.--The term "designated agencies" means--

   Inserted: (A) the Department of Energy;

   Inserted: (B) the Department of Commerce; and

   Inserted: (C) the Environmental Protection Agency.

   Inserted: (5) Direct greenhouse gas emissions.--The term "direct greenhouse gas emissions" means greenhouse gas emissions directly emitted from a facility that is owned or controlled by the reporting entity, including emissions from--

   Inserted: (A) production of electricity, heat, or steam, or other activities involving combustion in stationary equipment;

   Inserted: (B) physical or chemical processing of materials;

   Inserted: (C) equipment leaks, venting from equipment or facilities, or other types of fugitive emissions (such as emissions from piles, pits, and cooling towers); and

   Inserted: (D) combustion of fuels in transportation vehicles or equipment.

   Inserted: (6) Entity.--The term "entity" means--

   Inserted: (A) a person; or

   Inserted: (B) an agency or instrumentality of the Federal Government or State or local government.

   Inserted: (7) Facility.--The term "facility" means a building, structure, or installation located on any 1 or more contiguous or adjacent properties of an entity in the United States.

   Inserted: (8) Farming operation.--The term "farming operation" has the meaning given the term in section 101(21) of title 11, United States Code.

   Inserted: (9) Greenhouse gas.--The term "greenhouse gas" means--

   Inserted: (A) carbon dioxide;

   Inserted: (B) methane;

   Inserted: (C) nitrous oxide;

   Inserted: (D) hydrofluorocarbons;

   Inserted: (E) perfluorocarbons; and

   Inserted: (F) sulfur hexafluoride.

   Inserted: (10) Indirect greenhouse gas emissions.--The term "indirect greenhouse gas emissions" means emissions that--

   Inserted: (A) are a consequence of activities of a reporting entity; but

   Inserted: (B) occur from a source controlled by another entity.

   Inserted: (11) Lead agency.--The term "lead agency" means the lead agency selected under section 1532(a).

   Inserted: (12) Reporting entity.--The term "reporting entity" means an entity that submits a report under subsection (a) or (h) of section 1533.

   Inserted: (13) Sequestration.--The term "sequestration" means the long-term separation, isolation, or removal of greenhouse gases from the atmosphere, including through a biological or geologic method such as reforestation or an underground reservoir.

   Inserted: (14) State.--The term 'State' means--

   Inserted: (A) a State;

   Inserted: (B) the District of Columbia;

   Inserted: (C) the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico; and

   Inserted: (D) any other territory or possession of the United States.

   Inserted: (15) United states.--The term "United States", when used in a geographical sense, means all of the States.

   Inserted: SEC. 1532. NATIONAL GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS DATABASE.

   Inserted: (a) Designation of Lead Agency.--The President shall select a lead agency from among the designated agencies for the purpose of implementing this subtitle.

   Inserted: (b) Establishment.--The head of the lead agency, in consultation with the other designated agencies, States, the private sector, and nongovernmental organizations concerned with establishing standards for reporting of greenhouse gas emissions, shall establish a national greenhouse gas emissions database to collect emissions information reported under section 1533 and emission reduction information reported under section 1534.

   Inserted: (c) Administration.--

   Inserted: (1) In general.--The head of the lead agency shall enter into a contract with a nonprofit institution to--

   Inserted: (A) design and operate the database;

   Inserted: (B) establish an advisory body with broad representation from industry, agriculture, environmental groups, and State and local governments to guide the development and management of the database;

   Inserted: (C) provide coordination and technical assistance for the development of proposed protocols and methods to be published by the Secretary under section 1535(a); and

   Inserted: (D) certify organizations independent of reporting entities to verify the data submitted by reporting entities, and audit the plans and performance of certifying organizations.

   Inserted: (2) Selection.--

   Inserted: (A) In general.--The head of the lead agency shall award an initial 5-year contract to the institution under paragraph (1), subject to the procurement regulations of the lead agency.

   Inserted: (B) Considerations.--In determining which institution to award a contract under subparagraph (A), the head of the lead agency shall consider--

   Inserted: (i) the technical expertise of each institution; and

   Inserted: (ii) the ability of each institution to work with a broad and diverse group of interested parties.

   Inserted: (C) Renewability.--A contract under this paragraph may be renewed for additional terms, based on the satisfactory performance of the institution as determined by the head of the lead agency.

   Inserted: (d) Availability of Data to the Public.--The head of the lead agency shall ensure that the administering institution publishes all information in the national greenhouse gas emissions database (including in electronic format on the Internet), except with respect to facility-level emission data in any case in which publishing the information would disclose--

   Inserted: (1) information vital to national security; or

   Inserted: (2) confidential business information that--

   Inserted: (A) cannot be derived from information that is otherwise publicly available; and

   Inserted: (B) would cause competitive harm if published.

   Inserted: (e) Relationship to Other Greenhouse Gas Databases or Reporting Requirements.--To the maximum extent practicable, the head of the lead agency shall ensure coordination between the national greenhouse gas emissions database and existing and developing Federal and State greenhouse gas databases and registries.

   Inserted: (f) No Effect on Other Requirements.--Nothing in this subtitle affects any existing requirements for reporting of greenhouse gas emission data or other data relevant to calculating greenhouse gas emissions.

   Inserted: (g) Report to Congress.--If reporting is required under section 1533(b)(2), the head of the lead agency shall, not later than 180 days after the date on which the reporting is required, submit to Congress a report that describes the need for harmonization of legal requirements within the United States relating to greenhouse gas reporting.

   Inserted: SEC. 1533. GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS REPORTING.

   Inserted: (a) Voluntary Reporting.--

   Inserted: (1) In general.--After the establishment of the greenhouse gas emissions database under section 1532 and publication of protocols under section 1535, an entity may voluntarily submit to the administering institution, for inclusion in the database, a report of greenhouse gas emissions in the United States of the entity with respect to the preceding calendar year.

   Inserted: (2) Date of submission.--Each report under paragraph (1) shall be submitted not later than the July 1 that follows the end of the calendar year described in the report.

   Inserted: (b) Review of Participation.--

   Inserted: (1) In general.--On the date that is 4 years after the date of enactment of this Act, the Director of Climate Change Policy shall determine, after notice and public comment, whether the emissions reported to the greenhouse gas database for the most recent calendar year for which data are available represent less than 60 percent of the national aggregate greenhouse gas emissions from non-agricultural, anthropogenic sources for that year.

   Inserted: (2) Increased applicability of requirements.--If the Director determines pursuant to paragraph (1) that emissions reported to the greenhouse gas database for the most recent year for which data are available represent less than 60-percent quantity described in paragraph (1) for that year, each entity that exceeds the threshold for reporting under subsection (c) shall submit to the administering institution, not later than July 1 of each year thereafter, for inclusion in the database, a report of greenhouse gas emissions in the United States of the entity with respect to the preceding calendar year in accordance with this section.

   Inserted: (3) Resolution of disapproval.--The determination of the Director of Climate Change Policy under paragraph (1) shall be considered to be a major rule (as defined in section 804(2) of title 5, United States Code) subject to the congressional disapproval procedure under section 802 of title 5, United States Code.

   Inserted: (c) Threshold for Reporting.--

   Inserted: (1) In general.--An entity shall submit a report under subsection (b)(2) for greenhouse gas emissions if, in the relevant calendar year, 1 of the following exceeds 10,000 metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent:

   Inserted: (A) The direct greenhouse gas emissions of any facility of the entity located in the United States.

   Inserted: (B) The indirect greenhouse gas emissions of any facility of the entity located in the United States that are associated with generation of purchased or imported electricity, heat, or steam by the entity (excluding electricity purchased for resale).

   Inserted: (C) After publication of the relevant protocols under section 1535(a), the total calculated greenhouse gas emissions imputed under paragraph (3) to an entity reporting under that paragraph.

   Inserted: (2) Agricultural exemption.--Greenhouse gas emissions from a farming operation, feedlot, or forest owned or leased by an entity shall not be considered in determining whether the entity exceeds the threshold under paragraph (1).

   Inserted: (3) Threshold adjustment.--

   Inserted: (A) Increase.--The head of the lead agency, by rule, may increase the 10,000 metric ton reporting threshold under paragraph (1) to a higher threshold if the head of the lead agency determines that the reports under this section at the higher threshold will include at least 80 percent of greenhouse gas emissions in the United States.

   Inserted: (B) Decrease.--The head of the lead agency may not decrease the reporting threshold under paragraph (1) to a value lower than 10,000 metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent.

   Inserted: (d) Content of Reports.--Each greenhouse gas report under this section shall--

   Inserted: (1) express greenhouse gas emissions in metric tons of each greenhouse gas and in metric tons of the carbon dioxide equivalent of each greenhouse gas;

   Inserted: (2) report (except de minimis emissions)--

   Inserted: (A) direct greenhouse gas emissions; and

   Inserted: (B) indirect greenhouse gas emissions associated with the generation of electricity, heat, or steam that is purchased or imported by a reporting entity, for use in its facility (but not including electricity purchased for resale), from a source owned or controlled by another entity;

   Inserted: (3) provide the information under paragraph (2)--

   Inserted: (A) on an entity-wide basis; and

   Inserted: (B) subject to paragraph (4), on a facility-wide basis for each facility owned or controlled by the entity;

   Inserted: (4) report emissions from a facility with shared ownership or control based on the control of the facility, consistent with the treatment of the facility by the entities for financial reporting purposes under generally accepted accounting principles of the United States;

   Inserted: (5) contain any adjustments to greenhouse gas emission reports from prior years to take into account--

   Inserted: (A) errors that significantly affect the quantity of greenhouse gases in the prior greenhouse gas emissions report;

   Inserted: (B) changes in protocols or methods for calculating greenhouse gas emissions under section 1535(a);

   Inserted: (C) the need to maintain data comparability from year to year in the event of significant structural changes in the organization of the reporting entity; or

   Inserted: (D) any transfer of a facility from the control of 1 entity to another;

   Inserted: (6) include a statement describing the reasons for--

   Inserted: (A) any adjustment under paragraph (5); and

   Inserted: (B) any significant change between the greenhouse gas emissions report for the preceding year and the greenhouse gas emissions reported for the current year;

   Inserted: (7) include an appropriate certification, signed by a senior official with management responsibility for the 1 or more persons completing the report, regarding the accuracy and completeness of the report; and

   Inserted: (8) be reported electronically to the administering institution in such form and to such extent as may be required by the institution or the head of the lead agency.

   Inserted: (e) De Minimis Emissions.--The head of the lead agency, by rule, shall specify the level of greenhouse gas emissions from a source within a facility that shall be considered de minimis for purpose of subsection (d)(2).

   Inserted: (f) Verification of Report Required.--Before including the information from a greenhouse gas emission report in the database, the administering institution shall--

   Inserted: (1) verify the completeness and accuracy of the emission report using information provided under section 1535(b)(1); or

   Inserted: (2) require the verification of the completeness and accuracy of the emissions report by a certified person under section 1535(b)(2).

   Inserted: (g) Prohibition on Certain Adjustments to Prior-Year Emission Data.--An entity may not adjust a greenhouse gas emission report from a prior year under subsection (d)(5) in order to account for changes by the entity that are the result of normal business growth or decline, including--

   Inserted: (1) increases or decreases in production output;

   Inserted: (2) plant openings or closures; or

   Inserted: (3) changes in the mix of products manufactured or sold by the entity.

   Inserted: (h) Voluntary Reporting of Earlier Emissions.--

   Inserted: (1) In general.--An entity that submits a report under this section may submit to the administering institution, for inclusion in the national greenhouse gas emissions database, a greenhouse gas emission report for the entity with respect to 1 or more calendar years prior to 2006, if the report meets the requirements of subsections (c) and (d) and section 1534.

   Inserted: (2) Transition assistance to entities in existing program.--The head of the lead agency may provide financial assistance to an entity that submitted a report on greenhouse gas emissions under section 1605(b) of the Energy Policy Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 13385(b)), for calendar years prior to 2006, for purpose of improving the report so that the report meets the requirements of subsections (c) and (d) and section 1534.

   Inserted: (i) Continuity of Voluntary Reporting.--An entity that reports emissions under subsection (a) or (b) that fails to submit a report in any year after submission of the first report of the entity shall be prohibited from including emissions or reductions reported under this subtitle in the calculation of the baseline of the entity in future years.

   Inserted: (j) Voluntary Reporting of Other Indirect Emissions.--An entity that submits a greenhouse gas emission report under this section may voluntarily include in the report, as separate estimates prepared in accordance with the protocols published under section 1535, other indirect greenhouse gas emissions.

   Inserted: (k) Continuity of Information on Facilities in Database.--If ownership or control of a facility for which emissions were included in a report under subsection (b)(2) is transferred to another entity, any entity subsequently having ownership or control of the facility shall submit a greenhouse gas emissions report regarding the transferred facility, even if the entity does not otherwise exceed the threshold for reporting under subsection (c).

   Inserted: SEC. 1534. GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSION REDUCTIONS AND SEQUESTRATION REPORTING.

   Inserted: (a) In General.--After the establishment of the greenhouse gas emission database under section 1532 and publication of protocols under section 1535, an entity may voluntarily submit to the administering institution, for inclusion in the database, a report of greenhouse gas emission reductions or sequestration resulting from projects carried out by the entity during the preceding year for--

   Inserted: (1) reduction of direct greenhouse gas emissions; or

   Inserted: (2) sequestration of a greenhouse gas.

   Inserted: (b) Date of Submission.--Each report shall be submitted by the July 1 that follows the end of the calendar year described in the report.

   Inserted: (c) Project Types.--Projects referred to in subsection (a) may include projects relating to--

   Inserted: (1) fuel switching;

   Inserted: (2) energy efficiency improvements;

   Inserted: (3) use of renewable energy;

   Inserted: (4) use of combined heat and power systems;

   Inserted: (5) management of cropland, grassland, or grazing land;

   Inserted: (6) a forestry activity that increases forest carbon stocks or reduces forest carbon emissions;

   Inserted: (7) methane recovery;

   Inserted: (8) reduction of natural gas venting or flaring; or

   Inserted: (9) carbon capture and sequestration.

   Inserted: (d) Verification of Report Required.--Before including the information from a report under subsection (a) in the database, the administering institution shall--

   Inserted: (1) verify the completeness and accuracy of the report using information provided under section 1535(b)(1); or

   Inserted: (2) require the verification of the completeness and accuracy of the report by a certified person under section 1535(b)(2).

   Inserted: (e) Required Accompanying Information.--An entity that submits a report under subsection (a) shall include sufficient information to verify under section 1535(b) that the report represents--

   Inserted: (1) in the case of a report of direct greenhouse gas emission reductions--

   Inserted: (A) actual reductions in direct greenhouse gas emissions of the entity--

   Inserted: (i) relative to historic emissions levels of the entity; and

   Inserted: (ii) after accounting for any increases in direct or indirect greenhouse gas emissions of the entity; or

   Inserted: (B) in the case of a reported reduction that exceeds the entity-wide net reduction of direct greenhouse gas emissions, adjusted so as not to exceed the net reduction; and

   Inserted: (2) in the case of a report of greenhouse gas sequestration, actual increases in net sequestration, taking into consideration the total systems use of materials and energy in carrying out the sequestration.

   Inserted: (f) Projects Prior to Publication Protocols.--

   Inserted: (1) In general.--Subject to paragraph (2), not later than July 1 of the calendar year following publication of protocols under section 1535, an entity may submit to the administering institution, for inclusion in the database, a report of greenhouse gas emission reductions or sequestration resulting from projects, carried out by the entity during the period beginning January 1, 1990, and ending on the date of publication of the protocols for--

   Inserted: (A) reduction of direct greenhouse gas emissions; or

   Inserted: (B) sequestration of a greenhouse gas.

   Inserted: (2) Conditions for entry.--The information from a report under this subsection shall be entered into the database only if the report meets the requirements of subsections (c) and (d).

   Inserted: (g) Identification and Tracking of Greenhouse Gas Reduction Projects.--For each verified project entered in the database under this section, the administering institution shall provide to the entity reporting the project a unique identifier to allow for--

   Inserted: (1) the registration of emission reductions associated with the project, in a quantity not to exceed the entity-wide net emission reductions of the entity reporting the project during the same period;

   Inserted: (2) the transfer of those reductions through voluntary private or other transactions; and

   Inserted: (3) tracking of transfers under paragraph (2).

   Inserted: SEC. 1535. DATA QUALITY AND VERIFICATION.

   Inserted: (a) Protocols and Methods.--

   Inserted: (1) In general.--The head of the lead agency, after taking into account the recommendations of the administering institution, shall, by rule, establish protocols and methods to ensure completeness, consistency, transparency, and accuracy of data on greenhouse gas emissions and emissions reductions submitted to the database that include--

   Inserted: (A) accounting and reporting standards for greenhouse gas emissions and greenhouse gas emission reductions;

   Inserted: (B) standardized methods for calculating greenhouse gas emissions in specific industries from other readily available and reliable information, such as energy consumption, materials consumption, production data, or other relevant activity data;

   Inserted: (C) standardized methods of estimating greenhouse gas emissions (along with information on the accuracy of the estimations), for cases in which the head of the lead agency determines that methods under subparagraph (B) are not feasible;

   Inserted: (D) methods to avoid double-counting of greenhouse gas emissions, or greenhouse gas emission reductions, within a single major category of emissions, such as direct greenhouse gas emissions;

   Inserted: (E) protocols to prevent an entity from avoiding the reporting requirements of this subtitle by reorganization into multiple entities or by outsourcing operations or activities that emit greenhouse gases;

   Inserted: (F) protocols for verification of data on greenhouse gas emissions, and greenhouse gas emission reductions, by reporting entities and verification organizations independent of reporting entities; and

   Inserted: (G) protocols necessary for the database to maintain valid and reliable information on baselines of entities so that, in the event of any future action by Congress to require entities, individually or collectively, to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, Congress will be able--

   Inserted: (i) to take into account that information; and

   Inserted: (ii) to avoid enacting legislation that penalizes entities for achieving and reporting reductions.

   Inserted: (2) Best practices.--The protocols and methods developed under paragraph (1) shall conform, to the maximum extent practicable, to the best practices that have the greatest support of experts in the field.

   Inserted: (3) Outreach program.--The administering institution shall conduct an outreach program to provide information to all reporting entities and the public on the protocols and methods developed under this subsection.

   Inserted: (b) Verification.--

   Inserted: (1) Information by reporting entities.--Each reporting entity shall--

   Inserted: (A) provide information sufficient for the administering institution to verify, in accordance with the protocols and methods developed under subsection (a), that the greenhouse gas emissions, or greenhouse gas emission reductions, of the reporting entity have been completely and accurately reported; and

   Inserted: (B) ensure the submission or retention of data sources, information on internal control activities, information on assumptions used in reporting emissions, uncertainty analyses, and other relevant data to facilitate the verification of reports submitted to the database.

   Inserted: (2) Independent third-party verification.--A reporting entity may--

   Inserted: (A) obtain verification of the completeness and accuracy of the greenhouse gas emissions report, or greenhouse gas emissions reduction report, of the reporting entity from a person independent of the reporting entity that has been certified according to the standards issued under paragraph (3); and

   Inserted: (B) present the results of the verification under subparagraph (A) to the administering institution in lieu of verification by the administering institution under paragraph (1).

   Inserted: (3) Certification of independent verification organizations.--

   Inserted: (A) In general.--The head of the lead agency shall, by rule, establish certification and audit standards to be applied by the administering institution in certifying persons who verify greenhouse gas emission reports, or greenhouse gas emission reductions reports, under paragraph (2).

   Inserted: (B) Conflicts of interest.--The standards established under subparagraph (A) shall prohibit conflicts of interest on the part of certified persons.

   Inserted: SEC. 1536. ANNUAL SUMMARY REPORT.

   Inserted: Not later than January 1, 2006, and annually thereafter, the head of the lead agency shall publish an annual summary report on the database that includes--

   Inserted: (1) a report on the quantity of the total greenhouse gas emissions and emission reductions included in the database, and the fraction of total greenhouse gas emissions in the United States reported to the database, relative to the year covered by the report (if applicable);

   Inserted: (2) analyses, by entity and sector of the economy of the United States, of the emissions and emission reductions in paragraph (1), including a comparison to total greenhouse gas emissions in the United States by all sectors of the economy;

   Inserted: (3) information on the operations of the database, including the development of protocols and methods during the year covered by the report; and

   Inserted: (4) a summary of the views of the advisory board under section 1532(c)(1)(B) on the operations and effectiveness of the database during the year covered by the report.

   Inserted: SEC. 1537. ENFORCEMENT.

   Inserted: The head of the lead agency may bring a civil action in United States district court against an entity that fails to comply with a requirement of this subtitle, or a rule promulgated under this subtitle, to impose a civil penalty of not more than $25,000 for each day that the failure to comply continues.

   Inserted: Subtitle D--Research Programs

   Inserted: CHAPTER 1--DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY PROGRAMS

   Inserted: SEC. 1541. DEFINITION OF SECRETARY.

   Inserted: In this chapter, the term "Secretary" means the Secretary of Energy, acting through the Office of Science of the Department of Energy.

   Inserted: SEC. 1542. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY GLOBAL CHANGE SCIENCE RESEARCH.

   Inserted: (a) In General.--The Secretary shall conduct a comprehensive research program--

   Inserted: (1) to increase understanding of the global climate system; and

   Inserted: (2) to investigate and analyze the effects of energy production and use on that system.

   Inserted: (b) Program Elements.--The program under this chapter shall include--

   Inserted: (1) research and modeling activities on the radiation balance from the surface of the Earth to the upper limit of the atmosphere, including the effects of aerosols and clouds;

   Inserted: (2) research and modeling activities--

   Inserted: (A) to investigate and understand the global carbon cycle, including the role of the terrestrial biosphere as a source or sink for carbon dioxide; and

   Inserted: (B) to develop, test, and improve carbon-cycle models;

   Inserted: (3)(A) research activities to understand the scales of response of complex ecosystems to environmental changes, including identification of the underlying causal mechanisms and pathways of environmental changes and the ways in which those mechanisms and pathways are linked; and

   Inserted: (B) research and modeling activities on the response of terrestrial ecosystems to changes in climate, atmospheric composition, and land use;

   Inserted: (4) research and modeling activities to develop integrated assessments of the economic, social, and environmental implications of climate change and policies relating to climate change, with emphasis on--

   Inserted: (A) improving the resolution of models for integrated assessments on a regional basis;

   Inserted: (B) developing next-generation models and testing those models as pilots on selected regional areas (including States and territories of the United States in the Pacific, on the Gulf of Mexico, or in agricultural or forested areas of the continental United States);

   Inserted: (C) developing and improving models for technology innovation and diffusion; and

   Inserted: (D) developing and improving models of the economic costs and benefits of climate change and policies relating to climate change; and

   Inserted: (5) development of high-end computational resources, information technologies, and data assimilation methods--

   Inserted: (A) to carry out the program under this chapter;

   Inserted: (B) to make more effective use of large and distributed data sets and observational data streams; and

   Inserted: (C) to increase the availability and utility of climate change and energy simulations to researchers and policy makers.

   Inserted: (c) Education and Information Dissemination.--

   Inserted: (1) In general.--The Secretary, in collaboration with similar programs in other Federal agencies, shall include education and training of undergraduate and graduate students as an integral part of the programs under this chapter.

   Inserted: (2) Analysis center.--The Secretary shall support a Carbon Dioxide Information and Analysis Center--

   Inserted: (A) to serve as a resource for researchers and others interested in global climate change; and

   Inserted: (B) to accommodate data and information requests relating to the greenhouse effect and global climate change.

   Inserted: SEC. 1543. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

   Inserted: (a) In General.--There are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out this chapter, to remain available until expended--

   Inserted: (1) $150,000,000 for fiscal year 2006;

   Inserted: (2) $175,000,000 for fiscal year 2007;

   Inserted: (3) $200,000,000 for fiscal year 2008;

   Inserted: (4) $230,000,000 for fiscal year 2009; and

   Inserted: (5) $266,000,000 for fiscal year 2010.

   Inserted: (b) Limitation on Funds.--Funds authorized to be appropriated under this section shall not be used for the development, demonstration, or deployment of technology to reduce, avoid, or sequester greenhouse gas emissions.

   Inserted: CHAPTER 2--DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE PROGRAMS

   Inserted: SEC. 1551. DEFINITION OF SECRETARY.

   Inserted: In this chapter, the term "Secretary" means the Secretary of Commerce.

   Inserted: SEC. 1552. ABRUPT CLIMATE CHANGE RESEARCH PROGRAM.

   Inserted: (a) Definition of Abrupt Climate Change.--In this section, the term "abrupt climate change" means a change in the climate that occurs so rapidly or unexpectedly that human or natural systems have difficulty adapting to the climate as changed.

   Inserted: (b) Establishment of Program.--The Secretary shall establish in the Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, and shall carry out, a program of scientific research on abrupt climate change.

   Inserted: (c) Purposes of Program.--The purposes of the program are--

   Inserted: (1) to develop a global array of terrestrial and oceanographic indicators of paleoclimate in order to sufficiently identify and describe past instances of abrupt climate change;

   Inserted: (2) to improve understanding of thresholds and nonlinearities in geophysical systems related to the mechanisms of abrupt climate change;

   Inserted: (3) to incorporate the mechanisms into advanced geophysical models of climate change; and

   Inserted: (4) to test the output of the models against an improved global array of records of past abrupt climate changes.

   Inserted: (d) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out this section, to remain available until expended--

   Inserted: (1) $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2006;

   Inserted: (2) $22,000,000 for fiscal year 2007;

   Inserted: (3) $24,000,000 for fiscal year 2008;

   Inserted: (4) $26,000,000 for fiscal year 2009; and

   Inserted: (5) $28,000,000 for fiscal year 2010.

   Inserted: SEC. 1553. REGIONAL CLIMATE ASSESSMENT AND ADAPTATION.

   Inserted: (a) In General.--The Secretary shall establish in the Department of Commerce a National Climate Vulnerability and Adaptation Program for regional impacts related to increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere and climate variability.

   Inserted: (b) Coordination.--In designing the program described in subsection (a), the Secretary shall consult with appropriate Federal, State, tribal, and local government entities.

   Inserted: (c) Regional Vulnerability Assessments.--The program shall--

   Inserted: (1) evaluate, based on information developed under this subtitle, under the National Climate Program Act (15 U.S.C. 2901 et seq.), and by the global climate modeling community, regional vulnerability to phenomena associated with climate change and climate variability, including--

   Inserted: (A) increases in severe weather events;

   Inserted: (B) sea level rise and shifts in the hydrological cycle;

   Inserted: (C) natural hazards, including tsunami, drought, flood, and fire; and

   Inserted: (D) alteration of ecological communities at the ecosystem or watershed level; and

   Inserted: (2) build upon information developed in the scientific assessments prepared under the Global Change Research Act of 1990 (15 U.S.C. 2921 et seq.).

   Inserted: (d) Preparedness Recommendations.--Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to Congress a report that identifies and recommends implementation and funding strategies for short- and long-term actions that may be taken at the national, regional, State, and local level--

   Inserted: (1) to minimize threats to human life and property;

   Inserted: (2) to improve resilience to hazards;

   Inserted: (3) to minimize economic impacts; and

   Inserted: (4) to reduce threats to critical biological and ecological processes.

   Inserted: (e) Information and Technology.--The Secretary shall--

   Inserted: (1) make available appropriate information, technologies, and products that will assist national, regional, State, and local efforts to reduce loss of life and property from increased concentrations of greenhouse gases and climate variability; and

   Inserted: (2) coordinate dissemination of such technologies and products.

   Inserted: (f) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out this section $4,500,000 for each of fiscal years 2006 through 2010.

   Inserted: SEC. 1554. COASTAL VULNERABILITY AND ADAPTATION.

   Inserted: (a) Definitions.--Any term used in this section that is defined in section 304 of the Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972 (16 U.S.C. 1453) has the meaning given the term in that section.

   Inserted: (b) Regional Assessments.--

   Inserted: (1) In general.--Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary, in consultation with appropriate Federal, State, tribal, and local governmental entities, shall conduct regional assessments of the vulnerability of coastal areas to hazards associated with climate change, climate variability, sea level rise, and fluctuation of Great Lakes water levels.

   Inserted: (2) Development.--The Secretary may consult with the governments of Canada and Mexico as appropriate in developing regional assessments.

   Inserted: (3) Preparation.--In preparing the regional assessments, the Secretary shall--

   Inserted: (A) collect and compile current information on climate change, sea level rise, natural hazards, and coastal erosion and mapping; and

   Inserted: (B) specifically address impacts on Arctic regions and the Central, Western, and South Pacific regions.

   Inserted: (4) Evaluation.--The regional assessments shall include an evaluation of--

   Inserted: (A) social impacts associated with threats to and potential losses of housing, communities, and infrastructure;

   Inserted: (B) physical impacts, including coastal erosion, flooding and loss of estuarine habitat, saltwater intrusion of aquifers and saltwater encroachment, and species migration; and

   Inserted: (C) economic impact on regional, State, and local economies, including the impact on abundance or distribution of economically important living marine resources.

   Inserted: (c) Coastal Adaptation Plan.--

   Inserted: (1) In general.--Not later than 3 years after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to Congress a national coastal adaptation plan, composed of individual regional adaptation plans that recommend targets and strategies to address coastal impacts associated with climate change, sea level rise, or climate variability.

   Inserted: (2) Development.--The national coastal adaptation plan shall be developed with the participation of other Federal, State, tribal, and local government agencies that will be critical in the implementation of the plan at the State, tribal, and local levels.

   Inserted: (3) Regional plans.--The regional plans covered by the national coastal adaptation plan shall--

   Inserted: (A) be based on the information contained in the regional assessments; and

   Inserted: (B) identify special needs associated with Arctic areas and the Central, Western, and South Pacific regions.

   Inserted: (4) Recommendations.--The national coastal adaptation plan shall recommend both short- and long-term adaptation strategies, including recommendations regarding--

   Inserted: (A) Federal flood insurance program modifications;

   Inserted: (B) areas that have been identified as high risk through mapping and assessment;

   Inserted: (C) mitigation incentives, including rolling easements, strategic retreat, Federal or State acquisition in fee simple or other interest in land, construction standards, and zoning;

   Inserted: (D) land and property owner education;

   Inserted: (E) economic planning for small communities dependent upon affected coastal resources, including fisheries; and

   Inserted: (F) funding requirements and mechanisms.

   Inserted: (d) Technical Planning Assistance.--

   Inserted: (1) In general.--The Secretary, acting through the National Ocean Service, shall establish a coordinated program to provide technical planning assistance and products to coastal State and local governments as the coastal States and local governments develop and implement adaptation or mitigation strategies and plans.

   Inserted: (2) State and local plans.--Products, information, tools and technical expertise generated from the development of the regional assessments and the regional adaptation plans shall be made available to coastal State and local governments to develop State and local plans.

   Inserted: (e) Coastal Adaptation Grants.--

   Inserted: (1) In general.--Subject to paragraph (2), the Secretary shall provide grants of financial assistance to coastal States with Federally approved coastal zone management programs to develop and begin implementing coastal adaptation programs.

   Inserted: (2) Eligibility.--To be eligible to receive a grant under paragraph (1), a coastal State shall provide a Federal-to-State match--

   Inserted: (A) in the first fiscal year of the program, of 4 to 1;

   Inserted: (B) in the second fiscal year of the program, of 2.3 to 1;

   Inserted: (C) in the third fiscal year of the program, of 2 to 1; and

   Inserted: (D) in each subsequent fiscal year, of 1 to 1.

   Inserted: (3) Formula.--Distribution of funds under this subsection to coastal States shall be based on the formula established under section 306(c) of the Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972 (16 U.S.C. 1455(c)), adjusted in consultation with the States as necessary to provide assistance to particularly vulnerable coastlines.

   Inserted: (f) Coastal Response Pilot Program.--

   Inserted: (1) In general.--The Secretary shall establish a 4-year pilot program to provide financial assistance to coastal communities that--

   Inserted: (A) are most adversely affected by the impact of climate change or climate variability; and

   Inserted: (B) are located in States with Federal-approved coastal zone management programs.

   Inserted: (2) Eligible projects.--A project is eligible for financial assistance under the pilot program if the project--

   Inserted: (A) will restore or strengthen coastal resources, facilities, or infrastructure that have been damaged by the impact of climate change or climate variability, as determined by the Secretary;

   Inserted: (B) meets the requirements of the Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972 (16 U.S.C. 1451 et seq.) and is consistent with the coastal zone management plan of the State in which the project will be carried out; and

   Inserted: (C) will not cost more than $100,000 for each project.

   Inserted: (3) Funding share.--

   Inserted: (A) In general.--The Federal funding share of any project under this subsection may not exceed 75 percent of the total cost of the project.

   Inserted: (B) Administration.--In carrying out this paragraph--

   Inserted: (i) the Secretary may take into account in-kind contributions and other non-cash support of any project to determine the Federal funding share for that project; and

   Inserted: (ii) the Secretary may waive the requirements of this paragraph for a project in a community if--

   Inserted: (I) the Secretary determines that the project is important; and

   Inserted: (II) the economy and available resources of the community in which the project is to be conducted are insufficient to meet the non-Federal share of the cost of the project.

   Inserted: (g) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary--

   Inserted: (1) to carry out subsections (b) through (d), $5,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2006 through 2010;

   Inserted: (2) for coastal adaptation grants under subsection (e), $5,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2006 through 2010; and

   Inserted: (3) to carry out the pilot program established under subsection (f), $3,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2006 through 2010.

   Inserted: SEC. 1555. FORECASTING PROJECTS.

   Inserted: (a) In General.--The Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the Administrator of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration shall establish, through the Coastal Services Center of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, a program of grants for competitively awarded 3-year pilot projects to explore the integrated use of sources of remote sensing and other geospatial information to address State, local, regional, and tribal agency needs to forecast a plan for adaptation to coastal zone and land use changes that may result as a consequence of global climate change or climate variability.

   Inserted: (b) Preferred Projects.--In awarding grants under this section, the Center shall give preference to projects that--

   Inserted: (1) focus on areas that are most sensitive to the consequences of global climate change or climate variability;

   Inserted: (2) make use of existing public or commercial data sets;

   Inserted: (3) integrate multiple sources of geospatial information (including geographic information system data, satellite-provided positioning data, and remotely sensed data) in innovative ways;

   Inserted: (4) offer diverse, innovative approaches that may serve as models for establishing a future coordinated framework for planning strategies for adaptation to coastal zone and land use changes related to global climate change or climate variability;

   Inserted: (5) include funds or in-kind contributions from non-Federal sources;

   Inserted: (6) involve the participation of commercial entities that process raw or lightly processed data, often merging that data with other geospatial information, to create data products that have significant value added to the original data; and

   Inserted: (7) considered together, demonstrate as diverse a set of public sector applications as practicable.

   Inserted: (c) Opportunities.--In carrying out this section, the Center shall seek opportunities to assist--

   Inserted: (1) in the development of commercial applications potentially available from the remote sensing industry; and

   Inserted: (2) State, local, regional, and tribal agencies in applying remote sensing and other geospatial information technologies for management and adaptation to coastal and land use consequences of global climate change or climate variability.

   Inserted: (d) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be appropriated to the Administrators described in subsection (a) to carry out this section--

   Inserted: (1) $15,000,000 for fiscal year 2006;

   Inserted: (2) $17,500,000 for fiscal year 2007;

   Inserted: (3) $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2008;

   Inserted: (4) $22,500,000 for fiscal year 2009; and

   Inserted: (5) $25,000,000 for fiscal year 2010.

   Inserted: SEC. 1556. INTERNATIONAL PACIFIC RESEARCH AND COOPERATION.

   Inserted: (a) Establishment.--

   Inserted: (1) In general.--The Secretary, in cooperation with the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, shall conduct international research in the Pacific region that will increase understanding of the nature and predictability of climate variability in the Asia-Pacific sector, including regional aspects of global environmental change.

   Inserted: (2) Cooperation.--Research activities under this section shall be conducted in cooperation with other nations of the Pacific region.

   Inserted: (b) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section for fiscal year 2006, to remain available until expended--

   Inserted: (1) $2,000,000 to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, including $500,000 for the Pacific El Nino-Southern Oscillation Applications Center; and

   Inserted: (2) $1,500,000 to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.

   Inserted: SEC. 1557. NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY PROGRAMS.

   Inserted: (a) Establishment, Functions, and Activities.--Section 2(c) of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 272(c)) is amended--

   Inserted: (1) in paragraph (21), by striking "and" at the end;

   Inserted: (2) by redesignating paragraph (22) as paragraph (23); and

   Inserted: (3) by inserting after paragraph (21) the following:

   Inserted: "(22) perform research to develop enhanced measurements, calibrations, standards, and measurement technologies which will enable the reduced production in the United States of greenhouse gases associated with global warming, including carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, ozone, perfluorocarbons, hydrofluorocarbons, and sulfur hexafluoride; and".

   Inserted: (b) Programs Related to Climate Change.--The National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 271 et seq.) is amended--

   Inserted: (1) by redesignating section 32 as section 33; and

   Inserted: (2) by inserting after section 31 the following:

   Inserted: "SEC. 32. PROGRAMS RELATED TO CLIMATE CHANGE.

   Inserted: "(a) In General.--The Director shall establish a program to perform and support research on measurements, calibrations, data, models, and reference material standards with the goal of providing scientific and technical knowledge and generally recognized measurements, procedures, analytical tools, software, measurement technologies, and measurement standards applicable to the understanding, monitoring, and control of greenhouse gases.

   Inserted: "(b) Program Execution and Coordination.--

   Inserted: "(1) In general.--The Director may conduct the program under this section through--

   Inserted: "(A) the National Measurement Laboratories or other appropriate elements of the Institute; or

   Inserted: "(B) grants, contracts, and cooperative agreements with appropriate entities.

   Inserted: "(2) Voluntary laboratory accreditation program.--The Director may establish a voluntary laboratory accreditation program (including specific calibration and test standards, methods, and protocols) to meet the need for accreditation in the measurement of greenhouse gases.

   Inserted: "(3) Consultation.--The Director shall carry out the program under this section in consultation with appropriate Federal agencies, including the Environmental Protection Agency, the Department of Energy, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, and the National Science Foundation.".

   Inserted: CHAPTER 3--INTERAGENCY PROGRAMS

   Inserted: SEC. 1561. GLOBAL CHANGE RESEARCH.

   Inserted: (a) Findings.--Section 101(a) of the Global Change Research Act of 1990 (15 U.S.C. 2931(a)) is amended by adding at the end the following:

   Inserted: "(7) The present rate of advance in research and development, and the application of those advances, is inadequate and new developments must be incorporated rapidly into services for the benefit of the public.

   Inserted: "(8) The United States lacks adequate infrastructure and research to meet national climate monitoring and prediction needs.".

   Inserted: (b) Updating Authorization for Committee Structure.--

   Inserted: (1) Definitions.--Section 2 of the Global Change Research Act of 1990 (15 U.S.C. 2921) is amended--

   Inserted: (A) in paragraph (1), by inserting before the semicolon the following: "or a successor committee"; and

   Inserted: (B) in paragraph (2), by inserting before the semicolon the following: "or a successor body".

   Inserted: (2) Committee on earth and environmental sciences.--Section 102 of the Global Change Research Act of 1990 (15 U.S.C. 2932) is amended--

   Inserted: (A) in subsection (b), by striking the last sentence and inserting "The representatives shall be the Deputy Secretary or the designee of the Deputy Secretary (or, in the case of an agency other than a department, the deputy head of that agency or the designees of the deputy).";

   Inserted: (B) by redesignating subsections (d) and (e) as subsections (e) and (f), respectively;

   Inserted: (C) by inserting after subsection (c) the following:

   Inserted: "(d) Subcommittees and Working Groups.--

   Inserted: "(1) In general.--There shall be a Subcommittee on Global Change Research, which shall carry out such functions of the Committee as are assigned by the Committee.

   Inserted: "(2) Other subcommittees and working groups.--The Committee may establish such additional subcommittees and working groups as the Committee considers appropriate."; and

   Inserted: (D) in subsection (f) (as redesignated by subparagraph (B)), by striking paragraph (6) and inserting the following:

   Inserted: "(6) routinely consult with actual and potential users of the results of the Program to assess information needs and ensure that the results are useful in developing international, national, regional, and local policy responses to global change; and".

   Inserted: (c) National Global Change Research Plan.--Section 104 of the Global Change Research Act of 1990 (15 U.S.C. 2934) is amended--

   Inserted: (1) in the last sentence of subsection (a), by inserting before the period ", including not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of the Energy and Climate Change Act of 2005";

   Inserted: (2) in subsection (b)--

   Inserted: (A) in paragraph (1)--

   Inserted: (i) by inserting "short-term and long-term" before "goals"; and

   Inserted: (ii) by striking "usable information on which to base policy decisions relating to" and inserting "information relevant and readily usable by Federal, State, tribal, and local decision makers and other end-users, for the formulation of effective decisions and strategies for measuring, predicting, preventing, mitigating, and adapting to";

   Inserted: (B) in paragraph (6)(D), by striking "and" at the end;

   Inserted: (C) by redesignating paragraph (7) as paragraph (9); and

   Inserted: (D) by inserting after subsection (6) the following:

   Inserted: "(7) evaluate and explain the accuracy of provided predictions in a manner that will enhance use of the predictions by Federal, State, tribal, and local decision makers and other end-users of the information; and

   Inserted: "(8) identify the categories of decision makers and describe how the program (including modeling capabilities) will develop decision support capabilities for the decision makers described in paragraph (7); and";

   Inserted: (3) in subsection (c), by adding at the end the following:

   Inserted: "(6) Research necessary to monitor and predict societal and ecosystem impacts, to design adaptation and mitigation strategies, and to understand the costs and benefits of climate change and related response options.

   Inserted: "(7) Methods for integrating information to provide predictive and other tools for planning and decisionmaking by governments, communities, and the private sector."; and

   Inserted: (4) in subsection (d)--

   Inserted: (A) in paragraph (2), by striking "and" at the end; and

   Inserted: (B) by striking paragraph (3) and inserting the following:

   Inserted: "(3) conduct routine assessments of the information needs of Federal, State, tribal, and local policy makers and other end-users;

   Inserted: "(4) combine and interpret data from various sources to produce information readily usable by local, tribal, State, and Federal policymakers and other end-users attempting to formulate effective decisions and strategies for preventing, mitigating, and adapting to the effects of global change;

   Inserted: "(5) develop methods for improving modeling and predictive capabilities and assessment methods to guide national, regional, and local planning and decisionmaking on land use, hazards related to water (including flooding, storm surges, and sea-level rise), and related issues; and

   Inserted: "(6) establish a common assessment and modeling framework that may be used in both research and operations to predict and assess the vulnerability of natural and managed ecosystems and human society in the context of other environmental and social changes.".

   Inserted: (d) Research Grants.--Section 105 of the Global Change Research Act of 1990 (15 U.S.C. 2935) is amended--

   Inserted: (1) by redesignating subsection (c) as subsection (d); and

   Inserted: (2) by inserting after subsection (b) the following:

   Inserted: "(c) Research Grants.--

   Inserted: "(1) List of priority research areas.--The Committee shall develop a list of priority areas for research and development on climate change that are not being addressed by Federal agencies.

   Inserted: "(2) Transmission of list.--The Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy shall transmit the list to the National Science Foundation.

   Inserted: "(3) Funding.--

   Inserted: "(A) Budget request.--The National Science Foundation shall include funding for research in the priority areas on the list developed under paragraph (1) as part of the annual budget request for integrative activities of the National Science Foundation.

   Inserted: "(B) Authorization.--For fiscal year 2006 and each subsequent fiscal year, to carry out research in the priority areas, there is authorized to be appropriated to the National Science Foundation not less than $17,000,000, to be managed through the Science and Technology Policy Institute.".

   Inserted: (e) Scientific Assessment.--Section 106 of the Global Change Research Act of 1990 (15 U.S.C. 2936) is amended--

   Inserted: (1) in paragraph (2), by striking "and" at the end;

   Inserted: (2) in paragraph (3)--

   Inserted: (A) by striking "human-inducted" and inserting "human-induced"; and

   Inserted: (B) by striking the period at the end and inserting "; and"; and

   Inserted: (3) by adding at the end the following:

   Inserted: "(4) evaluates the information being developed under this title, considering in particular the usefulness of the information to national, State, tribal, and local decision makers and other interested persons, including those in the private sector, after providing a meaningful opportunity for considering the views of those persons on the effectiveness of the Program and the usefulness of the information.".

   Inserted: (f) National Climate Service Plan.--Title I of the Global Change Research Act of 1990 (15 U.S.C. 2931 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following:

   Inserted: "SEC. 109. NATIONAL CLIMATE SERVICE PLAN.

   Inserted: "Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of the Energy and Climate Change Act of 2005, the Secretary of Commerce, after review by the Interagency Task Force on Climate Change established under section 103 of that Act, shall submit to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate and the Committee on Science of the House of Representatives a plan of action for a National Climate Service that contains recommendations and funding estimates for--

   Inserted: "(1) a national center for operational climate monitoring and predicting with the functional capacity to monitor and adjust observing systems as necessary to reduce bias;

   Inserted: "(2) the design, deployment, and operation of an adequate national climate observing system that builds upon existing environmental monitoring systems and closes gaps in coverage by existing systems;

   Inserted: "(3) the establishment of a national coordinated modeling strategy, including a national climate modeling center to provide a dedicated capability for climate modeling and a regular schedule of projections on a long-term and short-term time schedule and at a range of spatial scales;

   Inserted: "(4) improvements in modeling and assessment capabilities needed to integrate information to predict regional and local climate changes and impacts;

   Inserted: "(5) in coordination with the private sector, improving the capacity to assess the impacts of predicted and projected climate changes and variations;

   Inserted: "(6) a program for long term stewardship, quality control, development of relevant climate products, and efficient access to all relevant climate data, products, and critical model simulations; and

   Inserted: "(7) mechanisms to coordinate among Federal agencies, State, tribal, and local government entities and the academic community to ensure timely and full sharing and dissemination of climate information and services, both in the United States and internationally.".

   Inserted: Subtitle E--Forests and Agriculture SEC. 1571. DEFINITIONS.

   Inserted: In this subtitle:

   Inserted: (1) Advisory panel.--The term "Advisory Panel" means the Soil and Forestry Carbon Sequestration Panel established under subsection 1574(a).

   Inserted: (2) Eligible forest carbon activity.--The term "eligible forest carbon activity" means a forest management action that--

   Inserted: (A) helps restore forest land that has been underproducing or understocked for more than 5 years;

   Inserted: (B) maintains natural forest under a permanent conservation easement;

   Inserted: (C) provides for protection of a forest from nonforest use;

   Inserted: (D) allows a variety of sustainable management alternatives;

   Inserted: (E) maintains or improves a watershed or fish and wildlife habitat; or

   Inserted: (F) demonstrates permanence of carbon sequestration and promotes and sustains native species.

   Inserted: (3) Forest carbon reservoir.--The term "forest carbon reservoir" means carbon that is stored in aboveground or underground soil and other forms of biomass that are associated with a forest ecosystem.

   Inserted: (4) Forest carbon sequestration program.--The term "forest carbon sequestration program" means the program established under subsection 1572(a).

   Inserted: (5) Forest land.--

   Inserted: (A) In general.--The term "forest land" means a parcel of land that is, or has been, at least 10 percent stocked by forest trees of any size.

   Inserted: (B) Inclusions.--The term "forest land" includes--

   Inserted: (i) land on which forest cover may be naturally or artificially regenerated; and

   Inserted: (ii) a transition zone between a forested area and nonforested area that is capable of sustaining forest cover.

   Inserted: (6) Forest management action.--

   Inserted: (A) In general.--The term "forest management action" means an action that--

   Inserted: (i) applies forestry principles to the regeneration, management, use, or conservation of forests to meet specific goals and objectives;

   Inserted: (ii) demonstrates permanence of carbon sequestration and promotes and sustains native species; and

   Inserted: (iii) maintains the ecological sustainability and productivity of the forests or protects natural forests under a permanent conservation easement.

   Inserted: (B) Inclusions.--The term "forest management action" includes management and use of forest land for the benefit of aesthetics, fish, recreation, urban values, water, wilderness, wildlife, wood products, or other forest values.

   Inserted: (7) Reforestation.--

   Inserted: (A) In general.--The term "reforestation" means the reestablishment of forest cover naturally or artificially.

   Inserted: (B) Inclusions.--The term "reforestation" includes planned replanting, reseeding, and natural regeneration.

   Inserted: (8) Secretary.--The term "Secretary" means the Secretary of Agriculture.

   Inserted: (9) Soil carbon sequestration program.--The term "soil carbon sequestration program" means the program established under section 1573(a)(1).

   Inserted: (10) State.--

   Inserted: (A) In general.--The term "State" means--

   Inserted: (i) a State; and

   Inserted: (ii) the District of Columbia.

   Inserted: (B) Inclusion.--The term "State" includes a political subdivision of a State.

   Inserted: (11) Willing owner.--The term "willing owner" means a State or local government, Indian tribe, private entity, or other person or non-Federal organization that owns forest land and is willing to participate in the forest carbon sequestration program.

   Inserted: SEC. 1572. FOREST CARBON SEQUESTRATION PROGRAM.

   Inserted: (a) In General.--The Secretary, acting through the Chief of the Forest Service and in collaboration with State foresters, State resource management agencies, and interested nongovernmental organizations, shall establish a forest carbon sequestration program under which the Secretary, directly or through agreements with 1 or more States, may enter into cooperative agreements with willing owners to carry out forest management actions or eligible forest carbon activities on not more than a total of 5,000 acres of forest land holdings to create or maintain a forest carbon reservoir.

   Inserted: (b) Assistance to States.--

   Inserted: (1) In general.--The Secretary shall provide assistance to States to enter into cooperative agreements with willing owners to carry out eligible forest carbon activities on forest land.

   Inserted: (2) Reporting.--As a condition of receiving assistance under paragraph (1), a State shall annually submit to the Secretary a report disclosing the estimated quantity of carbon stored through the cooperative agreement.

   Inserted: (c) Bonneville Power Administration.--Each of the States of Idaho, Oregon, Montana, and Washington may apply for funding from the Bonneville Power Administration to fund a cooperative agreement that--

   Inserted: (1) meets the fish and wildlife objectives and priorities of the Bonneville Power Administration under the Pacific Northwest Electric Power Planning and Conservation Act (16 U.S.C. 839 et seq.); and

   Inserted: (2) meets the objectives of this section.

   Inserted: SEC. 1573. SOIL CARBON SEQUESTRATION PROGRAM.

   Inserted: (a) Establishment.--

   Inserted: (1) In general.--The Secretary, acting through the Chief of the Natural Resources Conservation Service and in cooperation with the Consortium for Agricultural Soils Mitigation of Greenhouse Gases, shall carry out at least 4 pilot programs to--

   Inserted: (A) develop, demonstrate, and verify the best management practices for enhanced soil carbon sequestration on agricultural land; and

   Inserted: (B) evaluate and establish standardized monitoring and verification methods and protocols.

   Inserted: (2) Criteria.--The Secretary shall select a pilot program based on--

   Inserted: (A) the merit of the proposed program; and

   Inserted: (B) the diversity of soil types, climate zones, crop types, cropping patterns, and sequestration practices available at the site of the proposed program.

   Inserted: (b) Requirements.--A pilot program carried out under this section shall--

   Inserted: (1) involve agricultural producers in--

   Inserted: (A) the development and verification of best management practices for carbon sequestration; and

   Inserted: (B) the development and evaluation of carbon monitoring and verification methods and protocols on agricultural land;

   Inserted: (2) involve research and testing of the best management practices and monitoring and verification methods and protocols in various soil types and climate zones;

   Inserted: (3) analyze the effects of the adoption of the best management practices on--

   Inserted: (A) greenhouse gas emissions, water quality, and other aspects of the environment at the watershed level; and

   Inserted: (B) the full range of greenhouse gases; and

   Inserted: (4) use the results of the research conducted under the program to--

   Inserted: (A) develop best management practices for use by agricultural producers;

   Inserted: (B) provide a comparison of the costs and net greenhouse effects of the best management practices;

   Inserted: (C) encourage agricultural producers to adopt the best management practices; and

   Inserted: (D) develop best management practices on a regional basis for use in watersheds and States not participating in the pilot programs.

   Inserted: SEC. 1574. SOIL AND FORESTRY CARBON SEQUESTRATION PANEL.

   Inserted: (a) Establishment.--The Secretary, acting through the Chief of the Forest Service and the Chief of the Natural Resources Conservation Service, shall establish a soil and forestry carbon sequestration panel to--

   Inserted: (1) advise the Secretary in the development and updating of guidelines for accurate voluntary reporting of greenhouse gas sequestration from forest management actions and agricultural best management practices;

   Inserted: (2) evaluate the potential effectiveness (including cost effectiveness) of the guidelines in verifying carbon inputs and outputs and assessing impacts on other greenhouse gases from various forest management strategies and agricultural best management practices;

   Inserted: (3) estimate the effect of proposed implementation of the guidelines on--

   Inserted: (A) carbon sequestration and storage; and

   Inserted: (B) the net emissions of other greenhouse gases;

   Inserted: (4) provide estimates on the rates of carbon sequestration and net nitrous oxide and methane impacts for forests and various plants, agricultural commodities, and agricultural practices to assist the Secretary in determining the acceptability of the cooperative agreement offers made by willing owners;

   Inserted: (5) propose to the Secretary the standardized methods for--

   Inserted: (A) measuring carbon sequestered in soils and in forests; and

   Inserted: (B) estimating the impacts of the forest carbon sequestration program and the soil carbon sequestration program on other greenhouse gases; and

   Inserted: (6) assist the Secretary in reporting to Congress on the results of the forest carbon sequestration program and the soil carbon sequestration program.

   Inserted: (b) Membership.--The Advisory Panel shall be composed of the following members with interest and expertise in soil carbon sequestration and forestry management, appointed by the Secretary:

   Inserted: (1) 1 member representing national professional forestry organizations.

   Inserted: (2) 1 member representing national agriculture organizations.

   Inserted: (3) 2 members representing environmental or conservation organizations.

   Inserted: (4) 1 member representing Indian tribes.

   Inserted: (5) 3 members representing the academic scientific community.

   Inserted: (6) 2 members representing State forestry organizations.

   Inserted: (7) 2 members representing State agricultural organizations.

   Inserted: (8) 1 member representing the Environmental Protection Agency.

   Inserted: (9) 1 member representing the Department of Agriculture.

   Inserted: (c) Terms.--

   Inserted: (1) In general.--Except as provided in paragraph (2), a member of the Advisory Panel shall be appointed for a term of 3 years.

   Inserted: (2) Initial terms.--Of the members first appointed to the Advisory Panel--

   Inserted: (A) 1 member appointed under each of paragraphs (2), (4), (6), and (8) of subsection (b), as determined by the Secretary, shall serve an initial term of 1 year; and

   Inserted: (B) 1 member appointed under each of paragraphs (1), (3), (5), (7), and (9) of subsection (b), as determined by the Secretary, shall serve an initial term of 2 years.

   Inserted: (3) Vacancies.--

   Inserted: (A) In general.--A vacancy on the Advisory Panel shall be filled in the manner in which the original appointment was made.

   Inserted: (B) Partial term.--A member appointed to fill a vacancy occurring before the expiration of a term shall be appointed only for the remainder of the term.

   Inserted: (C) Successive terms.--An individual may not be appointed to serve on the Advisory Panel for more than 2 full consecutive terms.

   Inserted: (d) Existing Committees.--The Secretary may use an existing Federal advisory committee to perform the tasks of the Advisory Panel if--

   Inserted: (1) representation on the advisory committee, the terms and background of members of the advisory committee, and the responsibilities of the advisory committee reflect those of the Advisory Panel; and

   Inserted: (2) those responsibilities are a priority for the advisory committee.

   Inserted: SEC. 1575. STANDARDIZATION OF CARBON SEQUESTRATION MEASUREMENT PROTOCOLS.

   Inserted: (a) Accurate Monitoring, Measurement, and Reporting.--

   Inserted: (1) In general.--The Secretary, in collaboration with the States, shall--

   Inserted: (A) develop standardized measurement protocols for--

   Inserted: (i) carbon sequestered in soils and trees; and

   Inserted: (ii) impacts on other greenhouse gases;

   Inserted: (B)(i) develop standardized forms to monitor sequestration improvements made as a result of the forest carbon sequestration program and the soil carbon sequestration program; and

   Inserted: (ii) distribute the forms to participants in the forest carbon sequestration program and the soil carbon sequestration program; and

   Inserted: (C) at least once every 5 years, submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a report on the forest carbon sequestration program and the soil carbon sequestration program.

   Inserted: (2) Contents of report.--A report under paragraph (1)(C) shall describe--

   Inserted: (A) carbon sequestration improvements made as a result of the forest carbon sequestration program and the soil carbon sequestration program;

   Inserted: (B) carbon sequestration practices on land owned by participants in the forest carbon sequestration program and the soil carbon sequestration program; and

   Inserted: (C) the degree of compliance with any cooperative agreements, contracts, or other arrangements entered into under this section.

   Inserted: (b) Educational Outreach.--The Secretary, acting through the Administrator of the Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service, and in consultation with the Consortium for Agricultural Soils Mitigation of Greenhouse Gases, shall conduct an educational outreach program to collect and disseminate to owners and operators of agricultural and forest land research-based information on agriculture and forest management practices that will increase the sequestration of carbon, without threat to the social and economic well-being of communities.

   Inserted: (c) Periodic Review.--At least once every 2 years, the Secretary shall--

   Inserted: (1) convene the Advisory Panel to evaluate the latest scientific and observational information on reporting, monitoring, and verification of carbon storage from forest management and soil sequestration actions; and

   Inserted: (2) issue, as necessary, revised recommendations for reporting, monitoring, and verifying carbon storage from forest management actions and agricultural best management practices.

   Original wording

   On page 768, after line 20, add the following:

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