All Congresses · Analytics

Congress, by the numbers.

Workhorses, mavericks, mortality funnels, polarization trends, and a Vote Twin quiz that finds your closest match in Washington.

173,621
Bills introduced
4,305
Became law
23,377
Roll-call votes
1,522
Members

Productivity Index

119th Congress by the numbers: 19,820 bills introduced, 138 enacted, 1,591 roll-call votes.

19,820Bills introduced
138Became law0.7% pass rate
1,591Roll-call votes
2.5% of bills introduced this congress have become law.
Source: Congress.gov119th Congress
Section 1

Member Rankings

The named winners and losers — workhorses, mavericks, and bipartisan builders.

The Workhorse Index

Members ranked by primary-sponsored bills.

  1. 1Eleanor Holmes Norton
    930bills
  2. 2Andy Biggs
    Andy Biggs
    R·AZ-5HOUSE
    897bills
  3. 3Carolyn B. Maloney
    Carolyn B. Maloney
    D·NY-12HOUSE
    658bills
  4. 4Sheila Jackson Lee
    Sheila Jackson Lee
    D·TX-18HOUSE
    646bills
  5. 5Barbara Lee
    Barbara Lee
    D·CA-12HOUSE
    575bills
  1. 6Don Young
    Don Young
    R·AKHOUSE
    572bills
  2. 7Christopher H. Smith
    554bills
  3. 8Rosa L. DeLauro
    Rosa L. DeLauro
    D·CT-3HOUSE
    516bills
  4. 9Steve Cohen
    Steve Cohen
    D·TN-9HOUSE
    459bills
  5. 10Janice D. Schakowsky
    419bills
Show all (10)
Source: Congress.govAll congresses

Cosponsor Kings

Members who sign onto the most bills.

  1. 1Eleanor Holmes Norton
    14,448cosponsorships
  2. 2Raúl M. Grijalva
    Raúl M. Grijalva
    D·AZ-7HOUSE
    10,853cosponsorships
  3. 3James P. McGovern
    James P. McGovern
    D·MA-2HOUSE
    9,847cosponsorships
  4. 4Janice D. Schakowsky
    9,259cosponsorships
  5. 5Barbara Lee
    Barbara Lee
    D·CA-12HOUSE
    9,159cosponsorships
  1. 6Steve Cohen
    Steve Cohen
    D·TN-9HOUSE
    8,567cosponsorships
  2. 7Sheila Jackson Lee
    Sheila Jackson Lee
    D·TX-18HOUSE
    8,228cosponsorships
  3. 8Earl Blumenauer
    Earl Blumenauer
    D·OR-3HOUSE
    7,081cosponsorships
  4. 9Zoe Lofgren
    Zoe Lofgren
    D·CA-18HOUSE
    6,729cosponsorships
  5. 10Betty McCollum
    Betty McCollum
    D·MN-4HOUSE
    6,585cosponsorships
Show all (10)
Source: Congress.govAll congresses

The Maverick Meter

Members who vote against their party's majority position most often.

  1. 1Kimberlyn King-Hinds
    35%23 of 66
  2. 2Jenniffer González-Colón
    34%210 of 618
  3. 3Ron Paul
    Ron Paul
    R·TX-14HOUSE
    29%1761 of 6132
  4. 4Walter Minnick
    Walter Minnick
    D·ID-1HOUSE
    29%462 of 1613
  5. 5Bobby Bright
    Bobby Bright
    D·AL-2HOUSE
    28%450 of 1580
  1. 6Justin Amash
    Justin Amash
    I·MI-3HOUSE
    26%1356 of 5279
  2. 7Christopher P. Gibson
    25%1019 of 4088
  3. 8Walter B. Jones
    Walter B. Jones
    R·NC-3HOUSE
    24%2562 of 10555
  4. 9Aumua Amata Coleman Radewagen
    24%71 of 294
  5. 10Thomas Massie
    Thomas Massie
    R·KY-4HOUSE
    24%1771 of 7361
Show all (10)
Source: Congress.govAll congresses

Bipartisan Builders

Cosponsorships of bills sponsored by the opposite party.

  1. 1Brian K. Fitzpatrick
    4,027cross-party cosponsorships
  2. 2Eleanor Holmes Norton
    1,690cross-party cosponsorships
  3. 3James P. McGovern
    James P. McGovern
    D·MA-2HOUSE
    1,612cross-party cosponsorships
  4. 4Collin C. Peterson
    Collin C. Peterson
    D·MN-7HOUSE
    1,553cross-party cosponsorships
  5. 5Sanford D. Bishop, Jr.
    1,496cross-party cosponsorships
  1. 6Josh Gottheimer
    Josh Gottheimer
    D·NJ-5HOUSE
    1,490cross-party cosponsorships
  2. 7Peter T. King
    Peter T. King
    R·NY-2HOUSE
    1,484cross-party cosponsorships
  3. 8Zoe Lofgren
    Zoe Lofgren
    D·CA-18HOUSE
    1,444cross-party cosponsorships
  4. 9Don Bacon
    Don Bacon
    R·NE-2HOUSE
    1,439cross-party cosponsorships
  5. 10Steve Cohen
    Steve Cohen
    D·TN-9HOUSE
    1,363cross-party cosponsorships
Show all (10)
Source: Congress.govAll congresses

Freshman Power Rankings

First-term members of the 119th Congress, ranked by composite activity.

  1. 1Eugene Simon Vindman
    2,018composite score
  2. 2Sarah McBride
    Sarah McBride
    D·DEHOUSE
    922composite score
  3. 3Lateefah Simon
    Lateefah Simon
    D·CA-12HOUSE
    793composite score
  4. 4Yassamin Ansari
    Yassamin Ansari
    D·AZ-3HOUSE
    742composite score
  5. 5Josh Riley
    Josh Riley
    D·NY-19HOUSE
    721composite score
  1. 6Wesley Bell
    Wesley Bell
    D·MO-1HOUSE
    721composite score
  2. 7April McClain Delaney
    671composite score
  3. 8Suhas Subramanyam
    Suhas Subramanyam
    D·VA-10HOUSE
    655composite score
  4. 9Angela D. Alsobrooks
    651composite score
  5. 10Julie Johnson
    Julie Johnson
    D·TX-32HOUSE
    649composite score
Show all (10)
Source: Congress.gov119th Congress

Closest Re-elections

Members whose last election was decided by the smallest margins.

  1. 1Mariannette Miller-Meeks
    0pt margin
  2. 2Joe Courtney
    Joe Courtney
    D·CT-2HOUSE
    0.03pt margin
  3. 3Mark R. Kennedy
    Mark R. Kennedy
    R·MN-2HOUSE
    0.05pt margin
  4. 4Mike Rogers
    Mike Rogers
    R·MI-8HOUSE
    0.05pt margin
  5. 5Martha McSally
    Martha McSally
    R·AZ-2HOUSE
    0.07pt margin
  1. 6Bob Beauprez
    Bob Beauprez
    R·CO-7HOUSE
    0.07pt margin
  2. 7Adam Gray
    Adam Gray
    D·CA-13HOUSE
    0.09pt margin
  3. 8Mike Garcia
    Mike Garcia
    R·CA-25HOUSE
    0.1pt margin
  4. 9Joe Walsh
    Joe Walsh
    R·IL-8HOUSE
    0.14pt margin
  5. 10Rob Woodall
    Rob Woodall
    R·GA-7HOUSE
    0.15pt margin
Show all (10)
All congresses

Attendance Hall of Fame & Hall of Shame

Who showed up — and who didn't.

Hall of Fame · best 5

  1. 1Brian Jack
    Brian Jack
    R·GA-3HOUSE
    100.0%676 of 676
  2. 2Sheri Biggs
    Sheri Biggs
    R·SC-3HOUSE
    100.0%676 of 676
  3. 3Sylvester Turner
    Sylvester Turner
    D·TX-18HOUSE
    100.0%57 of 57
  4. 4Shelley Sekula Gibbs
    100.0%27 of 27
  5. 5David Alan Curson
    David Alan Curson
    D·MI-11HOUSE
    100.0%55 of 55
  1. 6Erica Lee Carter
    Erica Lee Carter
    D·TX-18HOUSE
    100.0%61 of 61
  2. 7Mark Harris
    Mark Harris
    R·NC-8HOUSE
    100.0%676 of 676
  3. 8Joseph Sempolinski
    Joseph Sempolinski
    R·NY-23HOUSE
    100.0%129 of 129
  4. 9Mayra Flores
    Mayra Flores
    R·TX-34HOUSE
    100.0%272 of 272
  5. 10Kwanza Hall
    Kwanza Hall
    D·GA-5HOUSE
    100.0%25 of 25
Show all (10)

Hall of Shame · worst 5

  1. 1Richard A. Gephardt
    56.6%938 of 2159 missed
  2. 2Aumua Amata Coleman Radewagen
    59.2%658 of 1611 missed
  3. 3Larry Combest
    Larry Combest
    R·TX-19HOUSE
    63.1%132 of 358 missed
  4. 4Michael F. Q. San Nicolas
    67.1%162 of 492 missed
  5. 5Eni F. H. Faleomavaega
    71.2%321 of 1113 missed
  1. 6Mark Takai
    Mark Takai
    D·HI-1HOUSE
    73.6%423 of 1604 missed
  2. 7Luis G. Fortuno
    Luis G. Fortuno
    R·PRHOUSE
    73.9%166 of 637 missed
  3. 8W. J. (Billy) Tauzin
    74.3%423 of 1644 missed
  4. 9James C. Moylan
    James C. Moylan
    R·GUHOUSE
    75.5%202 of 825 missed
  5. 10Ernie Fletcher
    Ernie Fletcher
    R·KY-6HOUSE
    76.7%206 of 883 missed
Show all (10)
Source: Congress.govAll congresses
Section 2

Bills Pulse

What Congress is working on, what makes it through, and what dies on the way.

The Mortality Funnel

Only 2.5% of bills introduced in the 119th Congress have become law (4,305 of 173,621).

Introduced
173,621
Saw action
173,617100%
Passed a chamber
22,77713%
Passed both chambers
14,84065%
Became law
4,30529%
Source: Congress.govAll congresses

Bills Across Congresses

Volume of bills introduced and the share that advanced in each congress.

Bills introduced by congress
108th10,669109th13,072110th14,042111th13,683112th12,305113th10,645114th12,073115th13,563116th16,606117th17,828118th19,315119th19,820
Source: Congress.govAll congresses

Time to Pass

Median time from introduction to enactment: 204 days.

< 30 days
550
30–90 days
567
90–180 days
830
180–365 days
1231
1–2 years
1126
2+ years
1
Range: 0 – 741 days · 4305 enacted bills
Source: Congress.govAll congresses

Policy Area Treemap

173,621 bills across 35 policy areas.

Bills by policy area in All Congresses
Health19,124Taxation13,131Armed Forces and National…12,900International Affairs11,676Government Operations and…10,746Crime and Law Enforcement8,641Public Lands and Natural …7,974Foreign Trade and Interna…7,600Education7,451Congress7,205
Source: Congress.govAll congresses

Most Active Bills (last 30 days)

The bills Congress keeps coming back to.

  • H.Res. 1641

    Honoring the contributions of Indian Americans and supporting the designation of July as "Indian American Heritage Month".

    385.5
    velocity
  • H.Res. 1644

    Supporting the goals and ideals of October as "National Domestic Violence Awareness Month".

    129
    velocity
  • H.R. 2036

    Credit for Caring Act of 2025

    81
    velocity
  • H.R. 10740

    To designate Ukraine under section 244 of the Immigration and Nationality Act to provide certain nationals of Ukraine with continued eligibility for temporary protected status, and for other purposes.

    79.5
    velocity
  • H.R. 10875

    To amend titles II and XVIII of the Social Security Act to lower the Medicare eligibility age to 50, and for other purposes.

    73
    velocity
  • H.Res. 1618

    Recognizing the third anniversary of the October 7, 2023, terrorist attacks on Israel, honoring the victims and the hostages, and calling for the complete disarmament of Hamas for a durable end to the war in Gaza.

    70.5
    velocity
  • H.R. 10907

    Stop Harassment and Intimidations in Elections through Legal Defenses (SHIELD) Our Elections Act

    59.5
    velocity
  • H.R. 10582

    Motion Picture, Television, and Entertainment Revitalization Act

    57
    velocity
  • H.R. 10828

    To impose sanctions with respect to oil and gas extraction and refinement by the Russian Federation, and for other purposes.

    53
    velocity
  • H.R. 10841

    Securing Elections From AI Deception Act

    52.5
    velocity
Source: Congress.govAll congresses

Most Cosponsored Bills

Which bills built the biggest coalitions.

  • H.R. 2369

    To amend title 36, United States Code, to provide for an additional power for the American Legion under its Federal charter.

    432
    cosponsors
  • H.R. 24

    To redesignate the Department of the Navy as the Department of the Navy and Marine Corps.

    425
    cosponsors
  • H.Res. 771

    Standing with Israel as it defends itself against the barbaric war launched by Hamas and other terrorists.

    425
    cosponsors
  • H.R. 406

    Alice Paul Women's Suffrage Congressional Gold Medal Act

    406
    cosponsors
  • H.Res. 364

    Designating room HVC 215 of the Capitol Visitor Center as the "Gabriel Zimmerman Meeting Room".

    402
    cosponsors
  • H.R. 1948

    Lymphedema Treatment Act of 2019

    386
    cosponsors
  • H.R. 930

    Lymphedema Treatment Act

    385
    cosponsors
  • H.R. 2519

    The American Legion 100th Anniversary Commemorative Coin Act

    385
    cosponsors
  • H.Res. 1110

    Supporting the announcements of the establishment of full diplomatic relations between the State of Israel and the United Arab Emirates and the State of Israel and the Kingdom of Bahrain, and for other purposes.

    383
    cosponsors
  • H.R. 303

    Retired Pay Restoration Act of 2003

    383
    cosponsors
Source: Congress.govAll congresses

Bipartisan Magnet Bills

Bills with the most balanced D/R cosponsorship.

  • 1
    H.R. 2750

    NASA 50th Anniversary Commemorative Coin Act

    D149
    R149
    100
    balance
  • 2
    H.R. 1132

    To amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to extend and modify the railroad track maintenance credit.

    D131
    R131
    100
    balance
  • 3
    H.R. 3315

    To provide that the great hall of the Capitol Visitor Center shall be known as Emancipation Hall.

    D114
    R114
    100
    balance
  • 4
    H.R. 24

    To redesignate the Department of the Navy as the Department of the Navy and Marine Corps.

    D109
    R109
    100
    balance
  • 5
    H.R. 1024

    Medication Therapy Management Empowerment Act of 2013

    D85
    R85
    100
    balance
  • 6
    H.R. 2725

    Affordable Housing Credit Improvement Act of 2025

    D84
    R84
    100
    balance
  • 7
    H.R. 303

    Retired Pay Restoration Act

    D68
    R68
    100
    balance
  • 8
    H.R. 1675

    Brewers Excise and Economic Relief Act of 2011

    D62
    R62
    100
    balance
  • 9
    H.R. 1361

    To amend title XVIII of the Social Security Act to provide for the non-application of Medicare competitive acquisition rates to complex rehabilitative wheelchairs and accessories.

    D52
    R52
    100
    balance
  • 10
    S.Res. 19

    A resolution honoring President Gerald Rudolph Ford.

    D49
    R49
    100
    balance
Source: Congress.govAll congresses
Section 3

Votes & Polarization

Roll-call patterns, partisan fault lines, and the moments Congress was nearly tied.

Polarization Index

74% of votes in the 119th Congress were party-line — the most polarized congress in the dataset.

Party-line vote rate by congress
108th36.2%109th32.1%110th37.9%111th38.5%112th49.6%113th53.5%114th56.3%115th54.9%116th52.7%117th55.2%118th56.9%119th74.4%
Source: Congress.govAll congresses

Closest Votes

Roll-call votes decided by the smallest margins.

  • 1

    On the Motion (Motion to Waive All Applicable Budgetary Discipline Re: Warner Amdt. No. 5556)

    senate·Jun 4, 2026
    0
    vote margin
    Yea 49
    49 Nay
  • 2

    On Motion to Recommit

    house·H.R. 1329·May 21, 2026
    0
    vote margin
    Yea 209
    209 Nay
  • 3

    On Agreeing to the Resolution

    house·H.Con.Res. 75·May 14, 2026
    0
    vote margin
    Yea 212
    212 Nay
  • 4

    On the Motion to Proceed S.J.Res. 141

    senate·S.J.Res. 141·May 13, 2026
    0
    vote margin
    Yea 50
    50 Nay
  • 5

    On the Motion (Motion to Waive All Applicable Budgetary Discipline Re: Sanders Amdt. No. 5159)

    senate·Apr 23, 2026
    0
    vote margin
    Yea 49
    49 Nay
  • 6

    On the Amendment S.Amdt. 5333 to S.Con.Res. 33 (No short title on file)

    senate·Apr 23, 2026
    0
    vote margin
    Yea 49
    49 Nay
  • 7

    On the Motion (Motion to Waive All Applicable Budgetary Discipline Re: Ossoff Amdt. No. 4897)

    senate·Apr 22, 2026
    0
    vote margin
    Yea 49
    49 Nay
  • 8

    On Agreeing to the Resolution

    house·H.Con.Res. 68·Jan 22, 2026
    0
    vote margin
    Yea 215
    215 Nay
  • 9

    On the Point of Order S.J.Res. 98

    senate·S.J.Res. 98·Jan 14, 2026
    0
    vote margin
    Yea 50
    50 Nay
  • 10

    Call of the House

    house·Jan 6, 2026
    0
    vote margin
Source: Congress.govAll congresses

Committee Power Index

Committees ranked by bills referred and bills enacted.

Source: Congress.govAll congresses

Vote Type Breakdown

23,377 roll-call votes by category.

Votes by type in All Congresses
procedural8,790amendment7,352confirmation3,106passage2,067other887cloture674journal211adjournment173quorum51election31
Source: Congress.govAll congresses

VP Tie-Breakers

Times the Vice President cast the deciding vote in the Senate.

59
Tie-breaker votes
Source: Congress.govAll congresses

Vote Activity Calendar

23,377 roll-call votes over 3428 days.

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSep
SunTueThuSat
Source: Congress.govAll congresses
Section 4

Find your Vote Twin

The headline interactive — answer 10 real votes, find the member who voted most like you.

Find your Vote Twin

Pick topics, answer 10 real votes, and we'll show you the member of Congress who voted most like you.

Section 5

Composition

Who actually sits in the room.

Chamber Composition

Every member who served at any point during the 119th Congress.

house451
house party composition
  • Democrat224
  • Republican227
senate104
senate party composition
  • Democrat45
  • Independent2
  • Republican57