Mr. President, I rise today to announce the introduction of a piece of legislation that Senator Voinovich of Ohio and I have worked on for a while. It is called the Federal Employees Electronic…
Mr. President, I rise today to announce the introduction of a piece of legislation that Senator Voinovich of Ohio and I have worked on for a while. It is called the Federal Employees Electronic Personal Health Records Act of 2006. This bill makes available--or would make available--electronic personal health records for every enrollee of a Federal health benefits plan who wishes to have one. That is, potentially, as many as 8 million people. That includes those of us who work in Federal agencies, large and small, across the country and, actually, around the world. It includes their families and includes Federal retirees and their families as well.
Our health care sector is the most innovative in the world, but it has not kept up with the information age. Our excessive reliance on paper record keeping makes our health care system less efficient, more costly, and more prone to mistakes. Expanding the use of health information technology shows promise as a way to improve both the cost and the quality of health care in our country.
In 2004, the United States spent some $1.9 trillion on health care costs.
That is more than any other industrialized country on this planet. In 2005, health care premiums continued their upward trend, increasing by an average, I am told, of some 9 percent. We are literally spending trillions of dollars on health care, but I am sorry to say we are not getting the gold standard of treatment or results.
A 2005 survey conducted by the Commonwealth Fund, a private foundation that focuses on improving health care, found that medical error reports rates in the United States far exceed those of western countries. In that survey, one in three Americans reported getting the wrong dosage of medication, incorrect test results, mistakes in treatment, or late notification of test results. That is nearly 15 percent higher than similar results in Britain and Germany.
I believe some of the problems--though certainly not all of them--can be blamed on the fact that health care providers don't have full and real-time access to patients' medical records. Doctors in this country wait days sometimes for couriers to deliver lab tests or x rays. They diagnose patients without knowing their full medical history, what they are allergic to, what kinds of surgeries they have had, or whether they have complained about similar symptoms before.
Time constraints, or medical necessity, often force doctors to perform a quick diagnosis. Sometimes that diagnosis wrong. Sometimes those errors prove to be costly. The widespread use of health information technology, the ability to immediately access one's full medical history from a computer, can help doctors and nurses provide better care less expensively. It has the potential to dramatically transform the way we provide health care in America--saving lives, saving costs.
If we are looking for success stories on how health care professionals have integrated the use of electronic health care records into their daily routines, we don't have to look any further than our own Department of Defense and our Department of Veterans Affairs.
Times have changed since I retired from the Navy some 15 years ago. I remember that as an ensign I used to carry my medical health records in a brown manila folder from duty station to duty station--from the time I left Ohio State, on to Pensacola, Corpus Christi Naval Air Station, out to California, across the seas and back again, and, finally, getting off of active duty and coming to Delaware to enroll in graduate school, on the GI bill, at the University of Delaware in the business school. I went up the road to the VA hospital. I still had my folder with the records. I turned them in and asked: What kind of benefits am I eligible for?
Over a decade ago, the Department of Defense and VA decided there was a better way, and the results have been nothing short of phenomenal. Today, when a patient enrolls in the Department of Defense's military health system, they no longer need the kind of brown manila folder I carried all those years. Instead, we have electronic health care records to keep track of the medical histories of those who serve our country in the military. This health record is managed electronically, and you don't have to remember to pack it up on your next tour of duty, whether it is in Southeast Asia, or Iraq, or Afghanistan.
Instead, one's electronic health care record follows them wherever they go--both during the time they are in the military and when they leave and join our veterans community as a veteran.
The result is that the Department of Defense and VA have been impressive, especially when you consider that they have only used these electronic health records for about a decade or so.
The VA health system has transformed itself from a troubled, sometimes bloated and inefficient operation to one of the best health care operations in the country.
Researchers and doctors now laud the VA for having the foresight to use electronic health records to improve patient care.
What is the cost? That is a good question. It is about $78 per patient. That is roughly the cost of not repeating one blood test. In other words, it is money well spent.
The VA now regularly outperforms Medicare and other private health plans when it comes to providing patient care for diabetes, high blood pressure, and heart attack victims.
In January, the National Quality Research Center concluded that for the sixth consecutive year, the VA health care system outranks the private sector for customer satisfaction.
I have witnessed that new-found satisfaction in my own backyard, at the Veterans Medical Center in Elsmere, DE. That is the place I went in 1973 fresh out of the Navy. Veterans from neighboring States are now coming to our hospital in Elsmere to seek care instead of going to regular civilian hospitals near them.
In 2004, the Elsmere facility, as well as popular satellite clinics in Millsboro and Seaford, DE, served more than 22,000 veterans and had more than 150,000 outpatient visits. Both totals are about 20 percent higher than just 4 years ago.
Normally, you would think the busier a hospital is, the less satisfied customers are because of longer waits and other hassles. But it turned out that the opposite is true. As the workload has climbed, so has patient satisfaction. I might add, so has the satisfaction of those providing the care to the patients.
More than 85 percent of Delaware's VA outpatients said they were ``highly satisfied'' with the care they received. Planning is now underway to open a third outpatient clinic for veterans in Kent County next spring--probably in Dover where we have another 15,000 veterans.
What is keeping the rest of our Nation's health care system from following the lead of the Department of Defense and the VA? The answer is the high cost of implementing the latest information technologies, as well as the lack of uniformity among various technology products.
A physician can spend up to $30,000 implementing an electronic health records system. A hospital can spend up to five times that amount. If that weren't enough of a reason to say no thanks, there is one more reason; that is, we don't have a set of national standards in place to make sure that once health care providers have made the switch, their new system can communicate with the hospital or doctor on the other side of town. The result: Only 15 percent of doctors and about 30 percent of hospitals have fully functional electronic health care systems today.
A new study by a number of health care scholars estimates there will be another 20 years before the majority of physicians are using an electronic health care system.
Let me say this. Our Presiding Officer is from Louisiana where they went through a terrible situation a year ago with Katrina. The folks who happened to be civilians and were in hospitals or nursing homes, for the most part, they had paper health records and they were destroyed. The veterans who were on the gulf coast when Katrina struck--either in nursing homes, VA nursing homes, or VA hospitals-- were evacuated from the area as civilians were; but when the veterans got to another VA facility inland, or a nursing home, or a VA hospital, their electronic health records were available immediately, and whoever provided care for them had access to the records and were able to provide excellent care.
I am sorry to say that the same wasn't true for the civilians whose paper records were largely destroyed at the time of the evacuation.
As a nation, we cannot afford to rely solely on health care providers to bring the health care industry into the 21st century. We must think outside of the box and build on the health information technology issues already underway in other areas of our health care industry.
The Federal Employee Electronic Personal Health Records Act of 2006-- the legislation Senator Voinovich and I introduce today--does just that. How? By requiring all carriers that contract with the Federal Employees Health Benefits Program to make available an electronic personal health record for those of us who are enrolled in that program. As I said earlier, it is some 8 million people.
Electronic personal health records will provide enrollees with a tool to better access and control their health information. Via the Internet, an enrollee will be able to log on to their
electronic personal health record to keep track of such things as their medications, cholesterol, glucose levels, allergies, and immunization records.
An enrollee will also be able to review a comprehensive, easily understood listing of their health care claims. Health care providers, payers, and enrollees will be able to add this information onto the electronic personal health record. Enrollees will benefit, I believe, significantly from such a tool.
An enrollee can easily share sections of the electronic personal health record with their health care provider, ensuring that their provider has the most up-to-date and accurate health information when making clinical decisions.
In the case of an emergency, an enrollee can also grant others the ability to access their electronic personal health record. Again, it is the decision of the patient, the enrollee in the Federal Employee Health Benefits Program, to decide what kind of access to grant to a provider or a member of the family or another person in the wake of an emergency.
Having health information readily available will increase the efficiency and safety of health care for enrollees by eliminating unwarranted tests, procedures, and prescriptions.
Most important, the legislation ensures that the electronic personal health records provided for through this act are kept private and secure.
The electronic personal health records are required to include a number of security features. They include, among other things, user authentication and audit trails.
The legislation also requires that carriers comply with all privacy and security regulations outlined in the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act, which we call HIPAA.
Mr. President, what Senator Voinovich and I are introducing today will help demonstrate the importance and utility of health information technology--not just the importance of the technology but the importance of harnessing the technology--in the delivery of health care in this country today. In this case, the potential is as many as 8 million additional Americans.
This bill is designed to jumpstart this new technology by requiring some of the largest health insurance companies to offer these electronic personal health records, which many are beginning to do today. As more insurance companies, health care providers, and consumers use this new technology, I am convinced that more people will recognize its advantages, and we can more quickly move America's health care industry into the 21st century.
We view this initiative as the next necessary step for the Nation's largest employer-sponsored health insurance program that prides itself on being a model for best practices in health care.
I invite my colleagues to join Senator Voinovich and me as we introduce this legislation. We look forward to talking with our colleagues about it. With luck, maybe we will have a hearing. Senator Voinovich may hold one in his subcommittee this month.