Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may consume. H. Res. 1141 honors the accomplishments of the Honorable Sandra Day O'Connor, the first women to serve on the United States Supreme Court.…
Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may consume.
H. Res. 1141 honors the accomplishments of the Honorable Sandra Day O'Connor, the first women to serve on the United States Supreme Court.
Justice O'Connor was born in El Paso, Texas, in 1930 and grew up on a cattle ranch called the ``Lazy-B'' near Duncan, Arizona. The ranch was isolated and she did not have a sibling to play with until she turned eight. To compensate, young Sandra demonstrated the initiative and drive that would later propel her to the Court.
She befriended cowboys who worked on the ranch, learned to drive a car and shoot a gun, and became an expert equestrian. She also kept many pets during her childhood, including a bobcat, which probably taught her how to deal with lawyers.
Her parents decided she needed an education, so O'Connor went to live with her maternal grandmother, Mamie Scott Wilkey, in El Paso. Although homesick, O'Connor became an outstanding student and graduated from the Radford School for Girls at age 16. O'Connor always credited Mrs. Wilkey for instilling confidence in her.
She later studied economics at Stanford with an eye toward running the Lazy-B or another ranch. However, a legal dispute over the Lazy-B sparked her interest in the law. O'Connor enrolled in Stanford's law school and graduated in only 2 years, third in her class that included valedictorian and future Chief Justice of the United States William Rehnquist. One of her other classmates, John Jay O'Connor, became her husband.
This was the early 1950s and, despite her stellar law school record, O'Connor could not find work as a lawyer. The legal profession was not an easy place for women at that time.
But O'Connor was determined. She started out as a legal secretary before finding employment as the deputy county attorney for San Mateo, California. When her husband was drafted into the Judge Advocate General's Corps, she joined him in Frankfurt, Germany, where she served as a civilian attorney in the Quartermaster's Corps.
Returning to the United States in 1957, the couple settled in Phoenix and started a family--three children arrived in the next six years. O'Connor eventually hung out a shingle with one partner and began a general law practice. But with the birth of her second child, she devoted herself to homemaker duties, charitable work, and local Republican politics.
Following five years as a full-time mother, O'Connor returned to work as an Arizona assistant attorney general. Later, the governor appointed her to fill a vacant state senate seat, a position she successfully defended twice in successive elections. By 1974, O'Connor had become the first woman to serve as the majority leader in a state legislature. This achievement propelled her to the bench--first as a Maricopa County Superior Court judge and then, in 1978, as a member of the Arizona Court of Appeals, the state's intermediate appellate court.
Justice O'Connor distinguished herself as a smart, fair, even- tempered judge. She had overcome de facto discrimination through persistence, hard work, and a devotion to institutions and causes bigger than herself.
This compelling story intrigued President Ronald Reagan, who was searching for a successor to replace retiring Justice Potter Stewart at the United States Supreme Court. In Sandra Day O'Connor, he found his nominee.
Senate confirmations are not for the faint-hearted, but O'Connor came through like an experienced pro. She was confirmed by a vote of 99-0 and was sworn as the 102nd member of the Court on September 21, 1981. Of obvious importance then and now, she became the first women to serve as an Associate Justice.
Justice O'Connor served on the Court for nearly a quarter of a century before retiring in 2006. Early in her tenure, she was known as a conservative jurist who preferred analyzing cases with a narrow, fact-specific approach. Later, she acquired the reputation as a ``swing vote.'' Law Professor Steven Green once paid her perhaps the ultimate compliment when he observed that she ``seemed to look at each case with an open mind.''
Since retiring from the Court, Justice O'Connor really hasn't retired. She selflessly devoted herself to caring for her husband, John, who was diagnosed with Alzheimer's Disease in 1990 and passed away last November.
In addition to travel and spending time with other family members, Justice O'Connor has worked on an ABA project to educate Americans about the role of judges, served as a the Chancellor of The College of William & Mary, and performed trustee duties for the National Constitution Center.
In recognition of her life's work, she was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom--the highest civilian honor of the United States--on August 12, 2009.
Mr. Speaker, Justice Sandra Day O'Connor is a pioneer for women and an inspiration to all Americans. I urge my colleagues to support H. Res. 1141, which honors her many accomplishments.