A bill to obtain and direct the placement in the Capitol or on the Capitol Grounds of a statue to honor Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States Sandra Day O'Connor and a statue to honor Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States Ruth Bader Ginsburg.

Mr. Speaker, I move to suspend the rules and pass the bill (S. 3294) to obtain and direct the placement in the Capitol or on the Capitol Grounds of a statue to honor Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States Sandra Day O'Connor and a statue to honor Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States Ruth Bader Ginsburg.

Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent that all Members may have 5 legislative days in which to revise and extend their remarks and include extraneous material on the matter under consideration.

Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may consume.

This bill, by creating statues in the Capitol, honors former Supreme Court Justices Sandra Day O'Connor and Ruth Bader Ginsburg, two women who made groundbreaking contributions to American history and jurisprudence.

The United States Capitol is a global symbol of democracy. This iconic building, where we debate and craft law, is also a museum of American art and history, with a rich collection of portraits, paintings, and statues.

Among the hundreds of sculptures, just 14 honor women leaders. By adding statues of these two pioneering Supreme Court Justices, we will honor their legacy and inspire all who pass through these Halls.

In 1869, Arabella Mansfield became the first woman admitted to practice law in the United States when she was admitted to the Iowa bar.

Ten years later, Belva Lockwood became the first woman admitted to practice before the Supreme Court of the United States. One hundred years would pass before Sandra Day O'Connor became the first woman to serve on the Supreme Court of the United States.

Born in the early 1930s, Sandra Day O'Connor and Ruth Bader Ginsburg both achieved extraordinary academic success. One of only five women in her class at Stanford Law, O'Connor served on the Board of Editors of the Stanford Law Review and graduated near the top of her class.

Ginsburg first attended Harvard Law School, one of nine women in her class. She became the first female member of the Harvard Law Review, while also caring for her husband, who had been diagnosed with cancer, and their young daughter. When her husband took a job in New York City, Ginsburg transferred to Columbia Law School and graduated first in her class.

Despite their outstanding academic qualifications, O'Connor and Ginsburg faced barriers to employment after graduation, as law firms were unwilling to hire women lawyers. Each persevered and rose to prominence.

O'Connor obtained a position as a deputy county attorney in California. Then, when her husband was stationed in Germany, she served as a civilian attorney with the United States Army Quartermaster Corps.

In 1957, the O'Connors settled in Arizona, where they raised their three sons. O'Connor started a law practice, became involved in local politics and community service, and served as an assistant state attorney general.

In 1969, O'Connor was appointed to the Arizona State Senate, where she was twice reelected and became the first woman majority leader in any State. In 1974, she was elected as a trial judge, a position she held until 1979, when she was appointed to the Arizona Court of Appeals.

In 1981, President Ronald Reagan fulfilled his campaign promise to appoint a woman to the Supreme Court by nominating O'Connor. The Senate unanimously confirmed her appointment. In her nearly 25 years on the Court, Justice O'Connor established herself as a pragmatic, independent voice.

In a 1982 case, O'Connor wrote the majority opinion, holding that the State could not prevent men from enrolling in an all-women's nursing school. She wrote that laws discriminating on the basis of sex are allowed only if there is an ``exceedingly persuasive justification'' free of archaic and stereotypic notions of the roles and abilities of males and females.

Justice O'Connor retired from the Supreme Court in 2006. In retirement, she remained active as a tireless advocate for judicial independence and civics education.

Following law school, Ginsburg served as a law clerk to Judge Edmund L. Palmieri of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York. She then became associate director of a comparative law project sponsored by Columbia University before joining the faculty of Rutgers Law School in 1963. From 1972 to 1980, she taught at Columbia Law School, where she became the first female tenured professor.

In the 1970s, Ginsburg also served as a fellow at the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences in Stanford, California, and as the director of the Women's Rights Project of the American Civil Liberties Union. In this position, she led the fight against gender discrimination and won five landmark cases before the Supreme Court.

In 1980, President Carter appointed Ginsburg to the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit. In 1993, President Clinton nominated Ginsburg as an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court. The Senate confirmed her nomination by a vote of 96-3, and she became the second female and the first Jewish female to serve on the Court.

Justice Ginsburg was a strong voice for gender equality and voting rights. She authored the landmark majority opinion in United States v. Virginia, which held that the State-supported Virginia Military Institute could not refuse to admit women. Justice Ginsburg served on the Supreme Court for 27 years, until her death in September 2020.

It is difficult to overstate the importance of these two Justices as role models and inspiration for generations of American girls, women, and women lawyers.

Justice O'Connor was sworn in as the first female Supreme Court Justice the same month that I started law school, and I had the privilege of working with both Justices on issues of civic education and access to justice. Both women were brilliant and funny. They were stars on the bench and in our national firmament.

Now we are presented with another moment of equal significance, with the nomination of Judge Jackson under consideration in the Senate. One more barrier has fallen, and soon young women of color will be able to see themselves in future Associate Justice of the Supreme Court Ketanji Brown Jackson, as I once saw myself in Justices O'Connor and Ginsburg.

Today I ask my colleagues to honor these incredible women, Justice O'Connor and Justice Ginsburg, and help inspire our next generation of leaders by voting to create these statues for the Capitol of the United States.

Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of my time.

Mr. Speaker, I yield 3 minutes to the gentlewoman from Florida (Ms. Lois Frankel).

Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentlewoman from Michigan (Mrs. Lawrence).

Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Arizona (Mr. Stanton).

Mr. Speaker, I yield an additional 1 minute to the gentleman from Arizona.

Mr. Speaker, I yield myself the balance of my time.

I am so proud to rise in support of this bill to recognize the brilliant and groundbreaking legal careers of Sandra Day O'Connor and Ruth Bader Ginsburg, but I am also so proud to recognize them because of their unrelenting focus on our young people.

We have heard a couple of times about Justice O'Connor's interest in civics education. She founded her civics nonprofit when she found that more Americans knew the names of the judges on ``American Idol'' than they did the Justices of the Supreme Court. She was really committed to helping our next generation understand the importance of our civics.

I had the opportunity to meet Justice Ginsburg with my daughter when my daughter was about 10. My daughter was very anxious to ask a question of her. She asked her: ``When will we

have a female President?'' Justice Ginsburg turned to her and said: ``Probably not in my lifetime, but certainly in yours.''

My daughter graduated from law school this year. We look forward to the fulfillment of Justice Ginsburg's prophecy.

I urge all of my colleagues to support this bill and support these statues. Mr. Speaker, I yield back the balance of my time.

Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may consume.

Mr. Speaker, I rise today in support of S. 3294. As all Members of Congress and every American who has visited the United States Capitol when it was completely open know, the Halls of this foothold of democracy are lined with statues to honor and commemorate the lives of great Americans from all corners of this country, all walks of life, and different political leanings.

The National Statuary Hall collection includes two statues donated from each State, and in addition to the base collection, Congress has been able to accept donations or authorize the commission of statues of other individuals who have shaped our Nation and contributed to the excellence of this country.

Such additions have included the statue of Abraham Lincoln, commissioned by Congress in 1866, the portrait monument to Lucretia Mott, Elizabeth Cady Stanton, and Susan B. Anthony in 1920, and most recently, the statue of Rosa Parks, which was officially unveiled in 2013. It is among these giants that today we consider the addition of the first two women confirmed to serve on the Supreme Court of the United States.

It took nearly 200 years after the creation of the Supreme Court for the first woman to sit on America's highest bench. Appointed by President Reagan and confirmed by the Senate in 1981, with a vote of 99-0, a record for the most votes in support of a Supreme Court Justice that stands to this day, Associate Justice Sandra Day O'Connor blazed a trail that has forever changed the Court for the better.

In the years that have followed, the Senate has confirmed Associate Justices Ruth Bader Ginsburg, whom this bill also honors, Sonia Sotomayor, Elena Kagan, and, most recently, Justice Amy Coney Barrett. I have no doubt that the legacy of women on the Court will continue.

The art collections throughout the Capitol Grounds play a very important role. The pieces honor the ingenuity, courage, creativity, and patriotism of so many who came before us. They inspire us and remind us of the extreme weight and honor of our duties as elected representatives. Congress rarely commissions the addition of statues to its collections, a practice that signifies a rare and high honor. The addition of the first two female Justices to serve on the Supreme Court is welcomed, and I look forward to their presence in these great Halls.

Mr. Speaker, I support this legislation and I reserve the balance of my time.

Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of my time.

Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may consume.

Mr. Speaker, I would be remiss if I didn't point out a bit of irony that exists as we discuss honoring anyone by adding a statue or a bust to the Halls of the Capitol when for the past 745 days this building has been closed to the American people. Despite what is being called a reopening, it continues to be closed to most Americans.

This is about the last place in America to remain closed, and for no legitimate reason whatsoever. The honor of being memorialized in the Halls of Congress is far less an honor when no one is around to see it.

It is past time for Speaker Pelosi to reopen the people's House to the American people.

Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of my time.

Mr. Speaker, I yield myself the balance of my time.

One of the things I most appreciate about this bill is the balance that it brings in recognizing the first two women Justices of the Supreme Court, and they have very different ideologies and views. While I may have significant disagreements with Justice Ginsburg and her rulings and positions on certain issues, that doesn't mean her role in the history of this country is not worthy of being recognized. In the same way, Justice O'Connor is worthy of recognition despite the fact that I am sure many people on the other side of the aisle take issue with her beliefs and positions on certain issues.

Cancel culture is a disease infecting our society today. Those who seek to wipe out the accomplishments and contributions of historic figures simply due to opposing politics is wrong. I am certainly not going to engage in that kind of mentality even though I may not have cared for Justice Ginsburg's politics.

In fact, Justice Ginsburg herself spoke out against cancel culture. She was once asked how she could be friends with the late Justice Antonin Scalia. They held vastly different views. In her response, she quoted Justice Scalia by saying: ``I attack ideas. I don't attack people, and some very good people have some very bad ideas.''

She is also famously quoted as saying: ``Fight for the things you care about, but do it in a way that will lead others to join you.''

In short, Mr. Speaker, it is okay to fight for what you believe in. It is okay to disagree or even despise what someone else believes, but it doesn't mean they don't have a right to those beliefs.

Unfortunately, this contrasts with some of the actions of my friends on the other side of the aisle these past few years. I hope this serves as an example that we can disagree without being disagreeable, that we choose to rise above being easily offended and instead respect alternative points of view, and that the Halls of Congress are a place where everyone feels their viewpoints and beliefs are given equal credence.

Mr. Speaker, again, I appreciate the balance of this bill. I rise in support of this legislation. I urge everyone to adopt it, and I yield back the balance of my time.

Mr. Speaker, Women's History Month offers an opportunity to reflect on the courageous, patriotic women who have helped write our Nation's story.

Indeed, in every chapter of our history, women have been at the forefront: fighting for our rights, forging progress in every aspect of society, and pushing our nation to live up to our most cherished ideals.

So, it is in that powerful, pioneering spirit that I rise today in support of legislation that will honor two of these historic Americans: Justice Sandra Day O'Connor and Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg.

From their seats on the highest Court in the land, they were not only instrumental to upholding and defending our Constitution--but they paved a path in the field of law for generations of women to follow.

With this bill, we honor their extraordinary service by welcoming to the United States Capitol statues of these two trailblazing women.

Thank you to Congresswoman Lois Frankel for your tireless, persistent leadership in establishing this special tribute--and for all that you do for America's women and girls.

Thanks also to Chair Zoe Lofgren: who, at the helm of the Committee on House Administration, has been a steadfast champion in bringing more diversity and inclusion to monuments that fill the halls of the Congress.

These statues will not only ensure that Justices O'Connor and Ginsburg take their rightful place here, among the many heroes of our history.

But they will also ensure that all those who walk these hallowed halls--from Members and foreign leaders to young girls on school trips--can learn about and be inspired by the legacies of these two legendary leaders.

It is with great pride that, with this bill, we will soon welcome to the halls of Congress a statue of a living legend: Justice Sandra Day O'Connor.

Justice O'Connor has earned her deeply deserved place in history, as the first woman ever to sit on the Supreme Court.

But beyond the barrier-breaking nature of her service, she brought to the bench a pillar of courage, integrity and justice: our nation's highest ideals.

On the Court, she was always an independent and influential voice-- bringing great wisdom, judgment and consideration to her opinions.

She also inspired the world as a proud working mother, proving that a woman can both excel in her career and care for her family.

She raised her three young sons while serving in the Arizona State Senate--where she was the first woman Maiority Leader of a State Senate anywhere in the country.

And all were in awe of her strength in serving as her late husband's caregiver during his battle with Alzheimer's.

Justice O'Connor once said: ``It's good to be first--but you don't want to be last.'' Indeed, she always held open the door behind her: mentoring so many young women in law, including our beloved Ruth Bader Ginsburg.

And our Nation is so proud that Justice Ginsburg will join that of Justice O'Connor here on Capitol Hill.

Ruth Bader Ginsburg truly embodied justice, brilliance and goodness-- and nearly every family in America benefited from her quarter century on the Court fighting for equality, opportunity and justice for all.

The ``Notorious RBG'' quickly became an icon on the bench:

an outstanding and independent legal mind;

a tenacious defender of our fundamental rights; and

the author of fiery opinions still referenced to this day.

And throughout her entire career, she was a tireless advocate for gender equality, whether:

working at the ACLU as the founder of its Women's Rights Project;

arguing cases before the Supreme Court;

or handing down legal opinions cementing the precedent that all men and women are created equal.

After her devastating loss two years ago, it was my solemn privilege as Speaker to welcome her one final time back to the Capitol to lie in state.

Now, it is with great respect and admiration for her legacy of powerful progress for women that the Congress passes this legislation to ensure her statue will be a permanent fixture of our Temple of Democracy.

It is fitting that we enact this legislation amid the historic confirmation process of Judge Ketanji Brown Jackson.

She was magnificent during the Committee proceedings last week-- demonstrating her brilliant legal mind, her remarkable confidence and poise, and her unyielding commitment to justice.

And this is a moment of great pride and patriotism for our nation, as she will soon make history as the first Black woman on the Supreme Court.

Indeed, Judge Jackson is a blazing new trail for the next generation of public servants--in the same pioneering spirit as the two extraordinary leaders we are honoring with this legislation today.

God blessed America with the leadership of Sandra Day O'Connor and Ruth Bader Ginsburg--and many of us today stand on their shoulders.

With this bill, we ensure that all visit the Capitol feel their eternal presence and that our children will learn about their towering legacies.

I urge a strong, bipartisan ``aye'' vote.

Mr. President, I wish to submit to the Senate a budget scorekeeping report. The report, which covers fiscal year 2022, was prepared by my staff on the Budget Committee and the Congressional Budget Office pursuant to section 308(b) and in aid of section 311 of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974, as amended. This information allows the Senate Budget Committee to determine if budgetary points of order lie against pending legislation.

The report shows the effect on spending and revenues of congressional action through September 15, 2022, as compared to the levels the Senate agreed to in the budget resolution for fiscal year 2022, S. Con. Res. 14. Since my last scorekeeping report on April 28, seven laws with significant budgetary effects have been signed by the President, and I have revised the levels in the budget resolution two times for legislation.

The Democratic staff of the Budget Committee prepared tables 1 and 2. Table 1 compares the mandatory spending of each authorizing committee against the enforceable allocations under section 302 of the Congressional Budget Act. It shows 10 of the 16 authorizing committees are in compliance with their allocations, either because no legislation with significant budgetary costs was enacted or the legislation qualified under the budget resolution for an allocation adjustment. Most of the spending above allowable levels is attributed to either the CHIPS Act of 2022 or the Honoring our PACT Act of 2022.

Table 2 shows the Senate pay-as-you-go--PAYGO--scorecard tallying enacted legislation with significant effects on mandatory spending and revenues. The scorecard shows a savings of $4.7 billion in 2022, a deficit of $174 billion over the 2022-2026 period, and a deficit of $528 billion over the 2022-2031 period. When compared to the allowable amounts on the PAYGO scorecard last adjusted on September 12, there is a deficit of $1.3 billion on the scorecard for 2022, $185 billion over the 2022-2026 period, and $667 billion over the 2022-2031 period.

In addition to these tables, I am submitting a letter from the Congressional Budget Office with further detail. For fiscal year 2022, current budgetary levels are within allowed amounts. Current law budget authority is $2.6 billion below the maximum allowed in the revised budget resolution, outlays are $17 billion below the allowed maximum, and revenues are $68 million above the allowed minimum. The tables also show that there has been no net change for Social Security.

I ask unanimous consent that the letter and accompanying tables from CBO be printed in the Congressional Record.

Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of S. 3294, a bill to place in the Capitol or on the Capitol Grounds a statue to honor Associate Justice of the Supreme Court Sandra Day O'Connor and a statue to honor Associate Justice of the Supreme Court Ruth Bader Ginsburg.

Justice Sandra Day O'Connor was the first woman nominated to the United States Supreme Court by President Ronald Regan and was the 102nd appointee to the position.

Justice O'Connor served from September 25, 1981, until her retirement on January 31, 2006.

During her tenure on the court, Justice O'Connor was often the crucial swing vote in 5-4 decisions that included many of the most controversial issues of our time.

Justice O'Connor has had a long and distinguished career as a public servant, including three terms as an Arizona State Senator, and serving as a judge on the Superior Court of Maricopa County, and the Arizona Court of Appeals.

Associate Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg was the second woman appointed, and the first Jewish woman, to preside on United States Supreme Court.

Justice Ginsburg was appointed to the court by President Bill Clinton on August 10, 1993 and served on the court until her death on September 18, 2020.

Justice Ginsburg was an advocate for woman's rights long before she was appointed to the court. She co-founded the Women's Rights Project at the ACLU.

In the words of the late Justice Ginsburg, ``women's rights are an essential part of the overall human rights agenda, trained on the equal dignity and ability to live in freedom all people should enjoy.''

These women broke down barriers that once stood in the way of equality. Their determination and persistence allowed for women across the nation to fight for their rights and achieve their dreams.

Their sacrifices paved the way for many firsts en the Federal bench. Justice Sonia Sotomayor was the first Hispanic woman to be appointed to the position, and just last month, Judge Ketanji Brown Jackson was the first African American woman to be nominated to the court.

Although these are monumental steps for women and gender equality, there is still much work that needs to be done.

It is our duty as Members of Congress to acknowledge and commemorate these inspiring Supreme Court Justices. The two statues in our nation's Capital will honor the lives and legacies of these two pioneering women. Moreover, by celebrating Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg and Justice Sandra Day O'Connor we celebrate the impact of women nationwide and showcase these two leaders as remodels for future generations. I urge all my colleagues to support S. 3294.