S. 841Senate119th Congress (2025-2027)In Committee

Romance Scam Prevention Act

Introduced March 4, 2025

AI-Generated Summary

Updated November 24, 2025 at 2:14 AM UTC

The Romance Scam Prevention Act requires online dating platforms to alert users when they have communicated with a member who has been placed on a fraud ban. The alert must contain identifying information, warnings about potential scams, and guidance on avoiding fraud. The FTC and state attorneys general are given enforcement authority, while providers receive liability protection if they comply.

Key Provisions

  • Online dating services must send a clear, conspicuous fraud‑ban notification to any member who has messaged a user that the service has placed on a fraud ban.
  • The notification must include the banned user’s identifier, the last contact time, a warning that the banned user may be using a false identity or trying to defraud, a reminder not to send money or financial info, best‑practice tips (or a link to them), and the service’s customer‑service contact.
  • Notifications must be sent within 24 hours of the ban, but the provider may extend to three days if it judges a delay is needed, or if law‑enforcement requests a longer hold (still no later than three days after the requested delay).
  • Providers are given a safe‑harbor from civil liability when they follow these notification rules.
  • The Federal Trade Commission (FTC) enforces the rule as an unfair or deceptive practice and can bring civil actions; states can also sue on behalf of residents, but must first notify the FTC and cannot act while the FTC is pursuing a case.
  • States cannot enact their own laws that require or prohibit such notifications, creating a single national standard.
  • The law takes effect one year after it is enacted.

Legislative Activity

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4 earlier actions
SenateCalendars Latest Action

Placed on Senate Legislative Calendar under General Orders. Calendar No. 145.

September 2, 2025

View full timeline
SenateIntro Referral

Introduced in Senate

March 4, 2025

SenateIntro Referral

Read twice and referred to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation.

March 4, 2025

SenateCommittee

Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. Ordered to be reported with an amendment in the nature of a substitute favorably.

March 12, 2025

SenateCommittee

Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. Reported by Senator Cruz with an amendment in the nature of a substitute. With written report No. 119-58.

September 2, 2025

SenateCalendars

Placed on Senate Legislative Calendar under General Orders. Calendar No. 145.

September 2, 2025

Floor Debate

2 members

What members said about S. 841 on the floor

2 Republicans
Rand Paul
Sen. Rand PaulR-KY · Apr 29, 2026

Madam President, Paducah, KY, is a town of 26,000 people on the banks of the Ohio River, known for its barbecue, character, and community. At the heart of that community, for more than 70 years, is…

Ted Cruz
Sen. Ted CruzR-TX · Apr 29, 2026

Madam President, reserving the right to object, the House is currently holding a number of Senate-passed bills without action, including legislation I have introduced and passed through the Senate…

Bill Text

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Latest
Reported to SenateIssued September 2, 2025

II

Calendar No. 145

119th CONGRESS

1st Session

S. 841

[Report No. 119–58]

IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

March 4, 2025

Mrs. Blackburn (for herself and Mr. Hickenlooper) introduced the following bill; which was read twice and referred to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation

September 2, 2025

Reported by Mr. Cruz, with an amendment

Strike out all after the enacting clause and insert the part printed in italic

A BILL

To require online dating service providers to provide fraud ban notifications to online dating service members, and for other purposes.

1.

Short title

This Act may be cited as the Romance Scam Prevention Act.

2.

Online dating safety

(a)

Fraud ban notification

(1)

In general

An online dating service provider shall provide to a member of the online dating service a fraud ban notification if the member has received a message through the online dating service from a banned member of the online dating service.

(2)

Required contents

A fraud ban notification under paragraph (1) shall include the following:

(A)

The username or other profile identifier of the banned member, as well as the most recent time when the member to whom the notification is being provided sent or received a message through the online dating service to or from the banned member.

(B)

A statement, as applicable, that the banned member identified in subparagraph (A) may have been using a false identity or attempting to defraud members.

(C)

A statement that a member should not send cash or another form of currency or personal financial information to another member.

(D)

Information regarding best practices to avoid online fraud or being defrauded by a member of an online dating service, which may be provided through a link to another web page or disclosure.

(E)

Contact information to reach the customer service department of the online dating service provider.

(3)

Manner and timing

(A)

Manner

A fraud ban notification under paragraph (1) shall be—

(i)

clear and conspicuous; and

(ii)

provided by email, text message, or, if consented to by the member receiving the fraud ban notification, other appropriate means of communication.

(B)

Timing

(i)

In general

Except as provided in clauses (ii) and (iii), an online dating service provider shall provide a fraud ban notification under paragraph (1) not later than 24 hours after the fraud ban is initiated against the banned member.

(ii)

Delay based on judgment of provider

If, in the judgment of the online dating service provider, the circumstances require a fraud ban notification under paragraph (1) to be provided after the 24-hour period described in clause (i), the online dating service provider shall, except as provided in clause (iii), provide the notification not later than 3 days after the day on which the fraud ban is initiated against the banned member.

(iii)

Delay upon request of law enforcement official

If, due to an ongoing investigation, a law enforcement official requests an online dating service provider to delay providing a fraud ban notification under paragraph (1) beyond the time when the notification is required to be provided under clause (i) or (ii), the online dating service provider—

(I)

may not provide the notification before the end of the period of delay (including any extension of such period) requested by the law enforcement official; and

(II)

shall provide the notification not later than 3 days after the last day of the period of delay (including any extension of such period) requested by the law enforcement official.

(4)

Limitation of liability

An online dating service provider is not liable to a person in a civil action based on any of the following:

(A)

The manner of communication used under paragraph (3)(A) to provide a fraud ban notification to a member under paragraph (1).

(B)

The timing of a fraud ban notification under paragraph (3)(B) provided to a member under paragraph (1).

(C)

The disclosure of information in a fraud ban notification provided under paragraph (1).

(b)

Enforcement

(1)

Enforcement by the Commission

(A)

Unfair or deceptive acts or practices

A violation of this section or a regulation promulgated under this section shall be treated as a violation of a rule defining an unfair or deceptive act or practice under section 18(a)(1)(B) of the Federal Trade Commission Act (15 U.S.C. 57a(a)(1)(B)).

(B)

Powers of commission

(i)

In general

The Commission shall enforce this section in the same manner, by the same means, and with the same jurisdiction, powers, and duties as though all applicable terms and provisions of the Federal Trade Commission Act (15 U.S.C. 41 et seq.) were incorporated into and made a part of this section,

(ii)

Privileges and immunities

Any person who violates this section shall be subject to the penalties and entitled to the privileges and immunities provided in the Federal Trade Commission Act.

(iii)

Authority preserved

Nothing in this section may be construed to limit the authority of the Commission under any other provision of law.

(2)

Enforcement by States

(A)

In general

Subject to subparagraph (B), in any case in which the attorney general of a State has reason to believe that an interest of the residents of the State has been or is threatened or adversely affected by the engagement of any person in an act or practice that violates this section, the attorney general of the State may, as parens patriae, bring a civil action on behalf of the residents of the State in an appropriate district court of the United States to obtain appropriate relief.

(B)

Rights of the Commission

(i)

Notice to the Commission

(I)

In general

Except as provided in subclause (III), before initiating a civil action under subparagraph (A), the attorney general of a State shall notify the Commission in writing that the attorney general intends to bring such civil action.

(II)

Contents

The notification required by subclause (I) shall include a copy of the complaint to be filed to initiate the civil action.

(III)

Exception

If it is not feasible for the attorney general of a State to provide the notification required by subclause (I) before initiating a civil action under subparagraph (A), the attorney general shall notify the Commission immediately upon instituting the civil action.

(ii)

Intervention by the Commission

Upon receiving the notice required by clause (i)(I), the Commission may intervene in the civil action and, upon intervening—

(I)

be heard on all matters arising in the civil action; and

(II)

file petitions for appeal of a decision in the civil action.

(C)

Limitation on State action while Federal action is pending

If the Commission has instituted a civil action for a violation of this section or a regulation promulgated under this section, no attorney general of a State may bring an action under subparagraph (A) during the pendency of that action against any defendant named in the complaint of the Commission for any violation of this section or a regulation promulgated under this section alleged in the complaint.

(D)

Rule of construction

For purposes of bringing a civil action under this subsection, nothing in this subsection may be construed to prevent the attorney general of a State from exercising the powers conferred on the attorney general by the laws of the State to conduct investigations, to administer oaths or affirmations, or to compel the attendance of witnesses or the production of documentary or other evidence.

(E)

Actions by other State officials

In addition to a civil action brought by an attorney general under subparagraph (A), any other consumer protection officer of a State who is authorized by the State to do so may bring a civil action under subparagraph (A), subject to the same requirements and limitations that apply under this paragraph to a civil action brought by an attorney general.

(c)

One national standard

(1)

In general

A State, or political subdivision thereof, may not maintain, enforce, prescribe, or continue in effect any law, rule, regulation, requirement, standard, or other provision having the force and effect of law of the State, or political subdivision of the State, that requires an online dating service provider to notify, prohibits an online dating service provider from notifying, or otherwise affects the manner in which an online dating service provider is required or permitted to notify, a member of the online dating service that the member has received a message from or sent a message to a member whose account or profile on the online dating service is the subject of a fraud ban through the online dating service.

(2)

Rule of construction

This subsection may not be construed to preempt any law of a State or political subdivision of a State relating to contracts or torts.

(d)

Definitions

In this section:

(1)

Banned member

The term banned member means a member of an online dating service whose account or profile on the online dating service is the subject of a fraud ban.

(2)

Commission

The term Commission means the Federal Trade Commission.

(3)

Fraud ban

The term fraud ban means the termination or suspension of the account or profile of a member of an online dating service because, in the judgment of the online dating service provider, there is a significant risk the member will attempt to obtain cash or another form of currency from another member through fraudulent means.

(4)

Member

The term member means an individual who—

(A)

submits to an online dating service provider the information required by the provider to establish an account or profile on the online dating service; and

(B)

is allowed by the provider to establish such an account or profile.

(5)

Online dating service

The term online dating service means a service that—

(A)

is provided through a website or a mobile application; and

(B)

offers members access to dating or romantic relationships with other members by arranging or facilitating the social introduction of members.

(6)

Online dating service provider

The term online dating service provider means a person engaged in the business of offering an online dating service.

(7)

State

The term State means each State of the United States, the District of Columbia, each commonwealth, territory, or possession of the United States, and each federally recognized Indian Tribe.

(e)

Effective date

This section shall take effect on the date that is 1 year after the date of the enactment of this Act.

1.

Short title

This Act may be cited as the Romance Scam Prevention Act.

2.

Romance scam prevention

(a)

Fraud ban notification

(1)

In general

An online dating service provider shall provide to a member of the online dating service a fraud ban notification if the member has received a message through the online dating service from a banned member of the online dating service.

(2)

Required contents

A fraud ban notification under paragraph (1) shall include the following:

(A)

The username or other profile identifier of the banned member, as well as the most recent time when the member to whom the notification is being provided sent or received a message through the online dating service to or from the banned member.

(B)

A statement, as applicable, that the banned member identified in subparagraph (A) may have been using a false identity or attempting to defraud members.

(C)

A statement that a member should not send cash or another form of currency or personal financial information to another member.

(D)

Information regarding best practices to avoid online fraud or being defrauded by a member of an online dating service, which may be provided through a link to another web page or disclosure.

(E)

Contact information to reach the customer service department of the online dating service provider.

(3)

Manner and timing

(A)

Manner

A fraud ban notification under paragraph (1) shall be—

(i)

clear and conspicuous; and

(ii)

provided by email, text message, or, if consented to by the member receiving the fraud ban notification, other appropriate means of communication.

(B)

Timing

(i)

In general

Except as provided in clauses (ii) and (iii), an online dating service provider shall provide a fraud ban notification under paragraph (1) not later than 24 hours after the fraud ban is initiated against the banned member.

(ii)

Delay based on judgment of provider

If, in the judgment of the online dating service provider, the circumstances require a fraud ban notification under paragraph (1) to be provided after the 24-hour period described in clause (i), the online dating service provider shall, except as provided in clause (iii), provide the notification not later than 3 days after the day on which the fraud ban is initiated against the banned member.

(iii)

Delay upon request of law enforcement official

If, due to an ongoing investigation, a law enforcement official requests an online dating service provider to delay providing a fraud ban notification under paragraph (1) beyond the time when the notification is required to be provided under clause (i) or (ii), the online dating service provider—

(I)

may not provide the notification before the end of the period of delay (including any extension of such period) requested by the law enforcement official; and

(II)

shall provide the notification not later than 3 days after the last day of the period of delay (including any extension of such period) requested by the law enforcement official.

(4)

Safe harbor applicability

An online dating service provider is not liable to a member, a banned member, or a former member for a claim based on an online dating service provider’s action to comply with the requirements for providing a fraud ban notification under this subsection.

(b)

Enforcement

(1)

Enforcement by the Commission

(A)

Unfair or deceptive acts or practices

A violation of this section or a regulation promulgated under this section shall be treated as a violation of a rule defining an unfair or deceptive act or practice under section 18(a)(1)(B) of the Federal Trade Commission Act (15 U.S.C. 57a(a)(1)(B)).

(B)

Powers of commission

(i)

In general

The Commission shall enforce this section in the same manner, by the same means, and with the same jurisdiction, powers, and duties as though all applicable terms and provisions of the Federal Trade Commission Act (15 U.S.C. 41 et seq.) were incorporated into and made a part of this section,

(ii)

Privileges and immunities

Any person who violates this section shall be subject to the penalties and entitled to the privileges and immunities provided in the Federal Trade Commission Act.

(iii)

Authority preserved

Nothing in this section may be construed to limit the authority of the Commission under any other provision of law.

(2)

Enforcement by States

(A)

In general

Subject to subparagraph (B), in any case in which the attorney general of a State has reason to believe that an interest of the residents of the State has been or is threatened or adversely affected by the engagement of any person in an act or practice that violates this section, the attorney general of the State may, as parens patriae, bring a civil action on behalf of the residents of the State in an appropriate district court of the United States to obtain appropriate relief.

(B)

Rights of the Commission

(i)

Notice to the Commission

(I)

In general

Except as provided in subclause (III), before initiating a civil action under subparagraph (A), the attorney general of a State shall notify the Commission in writing that the attorney general intends to bring such civil action.

(II)

Contents

The notification required by subclause (I) shall include a copy of the complaint to be filed to initiate the civil action.

(III)

Exception

If it is not feasible for the attorney general of a State to provide the notification required by subclause (I) before initiating a civil action under subparagraph (A), the attorney general shall notify the Commission immediately upon instituting the civil action.

(ii)

Intervention by the Commission

Upon receiving the notice required by clause (i)(I), the Commission may intervene in the civil action and, upon intervening—

(I)

be heard on all matters arising in the civil action; and

(II)

file petitions for appeal of a decision in the civil action.

(C)

Limitation on State action while Federal action is pending

If the Commission has instituted a civil action for a violation of this section or a regulation promulgated under this section, no attorney general of a State may bring an action under subparagraph (A) during the pendency of that action against any defendant named in the complaint of the Commission for any violation of this section or a regulation promulgated under this section alleged in the complaint.

(D)

Rule of construction

For purposes of bringing a civil action under this subsection, nothing in this subsection may be construed to prevent the attorney general of a State from exercising the powers conferred on the attorney general by the laws of the State to conduct investigations, to administer oaths or affirmations, or to compel the attendance of witnesses or the production of documentary or other evidence.

(E)

Actions by other State officials

In addition to a civil action brought by an attorney general under subparagraph (A), any other consumer protection officer of a State who is authorized by the State to do so may bring a civil action under subparagraph (A), subject to the same requirements and limitations that apply under this paragraph to a civil action brought by an attorney general.

(c)

One national standard

(1)

In general

A State, or political subdivision thereof, may not maintain, enforce, prescribe, or continue in effect a provision of any law, rule, regulation, requirement, or standard having the force and effect of law of the State, or political subdivision of the State, that requires an online dating service provider to notify, prohibits an online dating service provider from notifying, or otherwise affects the manner in which an online dating service provider is required or permitted to notify, a member of the online dating service that the member has received a message from or sent a message to a member whose account or profile on the online dating service is the subject of a fraud ban through the online dating service.

(2)

Rule of construction

This subsection may not be construed to preempt any law of a State or political subdivision of a State relating to contracts or torts.

(d)

Definitions

In this section:

(1)

Banned member

The term banned member means a member of an online dating service whose account or profile on the online dating service is the subject of a fraud ban.

(2)

Commission

The term Commission means the Federal Trade Commission.

(3)

Fraud ban

The term fraud ban means the termination or suspension of the account or profile of a member of an online dating service because, in the judgment of the online dating service provider, there is a significant risk the member will attempt to obtain cash or another form of currency from another member through fraudulent means.

(4)

Member

The term member means an individual who—

(A)

submits to an online dating service provider the information required by the provider to establish an account or profile on the online dating service; and

(B)

is allowed by the provider to establish such an account or profile.

(5)

Online dating service

The term online dating service means a service that—

(A)

is provided through a website or a mobile application; and

(B)

offers members access to dating or romantic relationships with other members by arranging or facilitating the social introduction of members.

(6)

Online dating service provider

The term online dating service provider means a person engaged in the business of offering an online dating service.

(7)

State

The term State means each State of the United States, the District of Columbia, each commonwealth, territory, or possession of the United States, and each federally recognized Indian Tribe.

(e)

Effective date

This section shall take effect on the date that is 1 year after the date of the enactment of this Act.

September 2, 2025

Reported with an amendment