S.J.Res. 16Senate119th Congress (2025-2027)In Committee

A joint resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to require that the Supreme Court of the United States be composed of nine justices.

Sponsored by Ted CruzSen. Ted Cruz (R-TX)
Introduced February 6, 2025

AI-Generated Summary

Updated November 24, 2025 at 2:57 AM UTC

This joint resolution proposes a constitutional amendment that would fix the number of Supreme Court justices at nine. If approved by two‑thirds of both houses of Congress and ratified by three‑quarters of the states, the amendment would become part of the Constitution. It would affect the composition of the nation’s highest court.

Key Provisions

  • Adds a new amendment stating that the Supreme Court must have nine justices.

Legislative Activity

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1 earlier action
SenateIntro Referral Latest Action

Read twice and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary.

February 6, 2025

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SenateIntro Referral

Introduced in Senate

February 6, 2025

SenateIntro Referral

Read twice and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary.

February 6, 2025

Bill Text

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Introduced in SenateIssued February 6, 2025

IIA

119th CONGRESS

1st Session

S. J. RES. 16

IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

February 6 (legislative day, February 5), 2025

Mr. Cruz (for himself, Mr. Cassidy, Mr. Grassley, Mr. Crapo, Mr. Budd, Mr. Risch, Mr. Lee, Mrs. Blackburn, Mrs. Hyde-Smith, Mr. Tillis, Mr. Cornyn, Mrs. Capito, Mr. Cramer, Mr. Young, Mr. Banks, Mr. Hagerty, Mrs. Britt, Mr. Sheehy, Mrs. Fischer, and Mr. Wicker) introduced the following joint resolution; which was read twice and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary

JOINT RESOLUTION

Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to require that the Supreme Court of the United States be composed of nine justices.

That the following article is proposed as an amendment to the Constitution of the United States, which shall be valid to all intents and purposes as part of the Constitution when ratified by the legislatures of three-fourths of the several States within seven years after the date of its submission for ratification:

The Supreme Court of the United States shall be composed of nine justices.

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