Mr. Speaker, I rise today to honor Andrew Joon-hao Tan, a student at La Entrada Middle School in Menlo Park, California, for his First Place Award in the 2013 Making Democracy Work Student Essay Contest held by the United States Capitol…
Mr. Speaker, I rise today to honor Andrew Joon-hao Tan, a student at La Entrada Middle School in Menlo Park, California, for his First Place Award in the 2013 Making Democracy Work Student Essay Contest held by the United States Capitol Historical Society. His extraordinary essay, entitled Democracy: Cohesion Between People and Government, follows.
``What political power could ever carry on the vast
multitude of lesser undertakings which the American citizens
perform every day, with the assistance of the principle of
association,'' wrote French philosopher Alexis de Tocqueville
when he visited the United States to observe American
government. Tocqueville evaluates the American governance and
decides that for democracy to be effective in America,
citizens and organizations must actively participate in the
government. After the American Revolution, representatives
from each state met together to write the Constitution, an
American standard for how democracy would function. Recently,
however, the government has been less productive than in the
past. Some have begun to question if democracy can remain an
effective form of government in the current era. Democracy
has the potential to be a flourishing style of government,
but is predicated on the protection of individuals' rights
and liberties, people's access to education and information,
and actively participating citizens, all of which, they
claim, are resting on shaky grounds.
First and foremost, individual liberties must be guaranteed
to everyone in a democracy. This provides protection to
minority groups whose rights may otherwise be construed upon.
Civil liberties can be encroached upon during times of
national crises. A recent example of this is the Patriot
Act, which was enacted after the terrorist attacks on
September 11, 2001. Even though reining in civil liberties
seemed appropriate for national security reasons in the
immediate aftermath, there have been unintended consequences
whereby our basic civil rights have been infringed. The
debate over the role of the National Security Agency is
currently being adjudicated in federal courts because many
people feel that their fourth amendment rights are being
violated. The expansion and retraction of our rights must
continually be examined, and the government must provide
enforcement of these rights to all citizens to create a bond
of trust between the people and the government.
Secondly, education should be available to all citizens,
policies must be transparent, information should be widely
accessible, and diverse points of views should be encouraged.
When citizens in a democracy are educated, democracy
functions much more effectively. Across countries, education
and democracy are highly correlated. In other words, those
who receive poor education are less likely to be politically
active. Also, less educated people are more vulnerable to
propaganda and false information, leaving them susceptible to
vote based on the influence of others. Citizens also deserve
access to uncensored information. In regimes where
information is tightly controlled, citizens are restricted
from developing their own opinions and this limits their
capacity to fully engage in the political process. It is the
government's responsibility to provide basic education and
ensure freedom of the press so that citizens are engaged and
empowered to play a part in a successful democracy.
Finally, citizens must fulfill their civic duties in a
democracy. These include voting and jury duty but can also be
as simple as staying updated on current issues and obeying
the law. Unfortunately, many of these simple duties are
commonly overlooked. Even in the last presidential election
in 2012, where there was a record voter turnout only about
60% of registered voters voted. Thus, the voice of around 40%
of people was not heard in the ballot. Similarly, fulfilling
civic responsibilities is necessary for democracy to work
well. For example, jury duty has been difficult to implement.
According to Sun Sentinel, in South Florida about two of
every three people skip jury duty with or without being
exempted. Jurors in South Florida have only a 41% response
rate and 3,000 people must be requested to fill 1,000 jury
spots because of the high rejection rate. This may be an
extreme case, but the lack of commitment to civic
responsibility is not unique to Florida. Complacency in civic
involvement ultimately leads to erosion of democracy and make
our system stale and unsustainable.
The ``lesser undertakings which the American citizens
perform every day'' are essential in a democracy because
government cannot fulfill all the needs of citizens. In a
successful democracy individual rights and liberties must be
applied impartially, education and current information must
be readily available, and the citizens must do their part to
allow the law to be applied fairly. America has survived and
struggled through adversities to become one of the longest
living democracies in the world because of its strong
commitment to the Constitution, impartial application of the
law and unrestricted information from varying political
opinions. Democracy is an active and dynamic process, and
flourishes with self-examination and engagement of its
citizens, but languishes with complacency.
Mr. Speaker, I ask the entire House to join me today in honoring Andrew Tan, an extraordinary young man, for his deep understanding of the rights and responsibilities of citizens in our nation, and for his ability to write about it in a cogent, understandable and inspiring style. He is an inspiration to all of us and he is an eloquent statement about the youth of our nation.