Mr. Speaker, I include in the Record the following remarks submitted at the request of a Virginia Beach constituent, Rabbi Dr. Israel Zoberman of Temple Lev Tikvah, which reflect his views: Dr. Marc Saperstein, distinguished author, rabbi,…
Mr. Speaker, I include in the Record the following remarks submitted at the request of a Virginia Beach constituent, Rabbi Dr. Israel Zoberman of Temple Lev Tikvah, which reflect his views:
Dr. Marc Saperstein, distinguished author, rabbi, scholar
and professor, taught at Harvard University (where he earned
his doctorate), Washington University, George Washington
University, and was principal of Leo Baeck College in London,
England. Marc's late father, Rabbi Harold Saperstein, served
Temple Emanu-El of Lynbrook, New York, from 1933 to 1980. He
responded to Nazism early on in 1934 with his sermon, ``Call
to Battle.'' Marc's brother Rabbi David Saperstein was the
illustrious Director of Reform Judaism's Religious Action
Center, as well as the American Ambassador at large for
International Religious Freedom. Dr. Saperstein's exhaustive
and impressive tome (Agony in the Pulpit: Jewish Preaching in
Response to Nazi Persecution and Mass Murder from 1933 to
1945) appealed to my searching and critical eye as a family
member of the Holocaust's surviving remnant of European
Jewry.
Saperstein states, ``My book is a rebuttal to the
accusation that American Jews in general, and their rabbinic
leaders, in particular, remained silent; that they failed to
speak out on behalf of the suffering Jews of Europe and were
unresponsive to their pleas. It is also a rebuttal to the
further accusation that if they had only spoken out, `the
slaughterer would not have succeeded in his task' ''.
Indeed, it does offer a measure of consolation that
American rabbis representing American Jewry as spiritual
leaders did not keep silent, raising their agonizing voices
when their European brethren were being slaughtered on mass
in ``civilized'' Christian Europe. Not to have spoken would
have constituted not only a sin of omission but also one of
commission. However, what remains disturbing and perhaps
sinful if not unpardonable, is that the well-intentioned
pulpit messages of swelling pain could not stop the vast
tragedy from unfolding into the destruction of no less than
two thirds of European Jewry and one third of world Jewry.
America, however, was silent to our bitter cry for help,
which was denied and delayed, rendering it mere words blowing
in the wind as if unspoken. We, who have elevated language to
divine heights, discovered that Hitler's hateful rhetoric
proved more persuasive. The voluminous pulpit sermons serve
to glaringly highlight the inability to translate them into
concrete action to save fellow Jews, so many, and they relied
on us. The failure of rabbinic preaching in the absence of a
corresponding successful political campaign to arouse
American leaders and particularly FDR toward redemptive
action as our people went up in smoke, cannot be eradicated
from our collective consciousness and guilty conscience, nor
from American colossal failure to stand by basic morality
when assailed by barbaric forces aimed at subverting and
uprooting the Judeo-Christian heritage of shared humane
values that Nazism declared, with good reason, adversarial to
Hitler's new ``Chosen People'' and ``Aryan Commandments.''
Rabbi Stephen S. Wise's lobbying efforts before FDR, his
trusted ``friend'', and some organized mass rallies and
appeals proved futile even as the Allies were aware of the
``Final Solution'' being actualized. While American anti-
Semitism, anti-immigration/refugees and isolationism reigned
and presented FDR with tough challenges, he failed to assert
Presidential moral leadership allowing us to undergo a
crippling genocide, threatening the future Jewish potential
and even survivability. No less than a million and a half
Jewish children perished in the Shoah. The SS St. Louis with
its human cargo of mostly 937 Jewish passengers, including
children, sailing from Hamburg, Germany, was turned away and
back from these shores in May 1939 with disastrous
consequences.
The State Department rejected an opportunity to save 1,000
children, arguing that they would become Jewish adults.
Bombing the railroads leading to Auschwitz was deemed by FDR
a diversion from fighting Nazi Germany even while the Allies,
including American planes, were bombing chemical
installations nearby. Davis S. Wyman's monumental classic,
``The Abandonment of the Jews,'' (what an apt and shaking
title) is a must-read. The New York Times, under Jewish
ownership, buried Holocaust events in its back pages. There
is a sense of a high conspiracy early on if not to deny the
Holocaust, to diminish it.
Saperstein's book corresponds with the world-wide dangerous
resurgence of anti-Semitism's alarming specter. It has opened
a much-appreciated window to revisiting the costly
shortcomings of response, Jewish verbal and American
political, in our darkest times, along with hopefully, though
not guaranteed, learning from them. The late incomparable
Elie Wiesel wrote of his profound disappointment, along with
other survivors, that the world failed to learn from the
Holocaust given the genocides that followed. The organized
American Jewish community is far more effective than it was
before WWII, though there are even now limits to its power
and influence, always begrudged and enlarged by our
detractors. Dare we remember that in 2017 in Charlottesville,
Virginia, white supremacists marched Nazi-like without
bothering to cover their heads with hoods, shouting, ``Jews
will not replace us.'' Pittsburgh's Tree of Life synagogue
was the scene in 2018 of the worst crime against Jews
committed on American soil with 11 Jewish worshipers murdered
on Shabbat. The Gaza War following the October 7, 2023,
ghastly Hamas attack triggered antisemitism on American
campuses. The massacre at Bondi Beach, Australia, during the
Festival of Chanukah, painfully attests that no place
anywhere is safe.
The dreadful ``Auschwitz'' does not shockingly resonate to
an American public's large segment only seventy some years
following such grave historical events, despite multiple
Holocaust Museums. Holocaust education and world history are
essential tools in the never-ending struggle against
forgetfulness, ignorance, and prejudice with new genocides
rising, each unique and the same. Democracy, any democracy,
is but a fragile institution as we witnessed, and its
essential safeguards are demanding. The State of Israel, the
world's only sovereign Jewish country, built on the
Holocaust's ashes, has become a target for those attacking us
when powerless and now resenting a measure of Jewish
defensive power that we were so tragically lacking when
abandoned by the world.
Rabbi Dr. Israel Zoberman is founder and spiritual leader
of Temple Lev Tikvah as well as Honorary Senior Rabbi Scholar
at Eastern Shore Chapel Episcopal Church, both in Virginia
Beach. His Polish family lost hundreds of members during the
Holocaust. He spent his early childhood among Jewish refugees
in Kazakhstan, where he was born in 1945, Poland, Austria and
Germany before moving to Israel in 1949.