Celebrating The Bicentennial Of Dauphin Island Joining The United States
Mr. Speaker, I rise to mark the bicentennial of Dauphin Island, Alabama, joining the United States of America. On this date in 1813, Spain handed over the 14-mile-long, 1\3/4\-mile-wide barrier island, located at the mouth of Mobile Bay,…
Mr. Speaker, I rise to mark the bicentennial of Dauphin Island, Alabama, joining the United States of America. On this date in 1813, Spain handed over the 14-mile-long, 1\3/4\-mile-wide barrier island, located at the mouth of Mobile Bay, to the United States.
Dauphin Island has a long and rich history which spans nearly 500 years since it was first mapped by Alonzo Pineda in 1519. In fact, according to some accounts, it may have caught the eye of western explorers even earlier.
In 1699, French explorers landed on the small island, providing an anchor for the establishment of the French colony of Mobile. The French gave the island its present day name. When nearby Fort Louis de la Mobile became capital of the French Louisiana Territory, Dauphin Island, with its deep water and strategic location, was home to trading ships, settlers and naval surveillance.
Dauphin Island was threatened by the Spanish in 1719 during the Pensacola War. Hurricanes and changing conditions on the island also had an impact on the history and development of the island. During the great storm of 1740, nearly half the island was washed away, including 300 head of cattle. After the French left Dauphin Island around 1763, the English took possession of the tiny barrier island until it was finally captured by the Spaniards in 1781. Two years later, Dauphin Island was taken by General James Wilkinson and claimed by the United States.
In 1822, Fort Gaines was constructed by the United States Army on the eastern side of the island and it remained in U.S. hands until 1861 when Confederate-allied troops took possession. The fort was surrendered and returned to Union forces in 1864.
Today, Dauphin Island has long since relinquished its long-held military role for another of equal importance. As Alabama's barrier island, it is also a natural protector of the coast from hurricanes and tropical storms for an ever growing south Mobile County. It is also a popular tourist destination and home to 1,200 permanent residents. Thousands of visitors come each year to Dauphin Island to experience the sun and surf as well as the wildlife.
The Island is also home to the Dauphin Island Sea Lab, an Audubon Bird Sanctuary, and Dauphin Island Campground. Fishing piers provide access to Gulf of Mexico and Mississippi Sound for shallow water fishing for the land lovers, while charter boats offer deep water fishing excursions.
As the people of Dauphin Island celebrate the bicentennial of their beautiful island becoming an official part of the United States, I extend greetings and best wishes on behalf of the House of Representatives. May Dauphin Island's significant role in our nation's long history never be forgotten.