Parliamentary inquiry. The question is, could the Speaker please advise us of the time that is being consumed. Does it come off the time that would be allowed in the rule for debate by the gentlewoman from New York? Mr. Speaker, I reserve…
Parliamentary inquiry.
The question is, could the Speaker please advise us of the time that is being consumed. Does it come off the time that would be allowed in the rule for debate by the gentlewoman from New York?
Mr. Speaker, I reserve the right to object.
Mr. Speaker, I believe that what is occurring is that the facts of the case are that this has gone beyond the rules of the House in the presentation, and I object and would ask for regular order.
Mr. Speaker, I reserve the right to object.
Mr. Speaker, I believe what is occurring now is not only opposed to the House rules but is containing further comment, which was not allowed in the rule nor in the general provisions of the House.
Mr. Speaker, parliamentary inquiry.
Could the Speaker please advise me about the time that is presently being consumed?
Mr. Speaker, I object.
Parliamentary Inquiry
Mr. Speaker, I would ask to be heard.
Mr. Speaker, the Republicans are asking for an extension of 1 hour on both sides under the rule that will equally allow both sides 30 additional minutes to be heard, because it's obvious that Members of Congress need to be heard and this rule does not provide the amount of time necessary, and the people who are here is an example of why this is wrong.
Mr. Speaker, I would like to inquire of the time remaining on both sides.
Mr. Speaker, I appreciate that.
Mr. Speaker, at this time, I would like to yield to the gentlewoman from Ohio (Mrs. Schmidt) for a unanimous consent request.
(Mrs. SCHMIDT asked and was given permission to revise and extend her remarks.)
Mr. Speaker, I would like to yield to the gentlewoman from Oklahoma (Ms. Fallin) for a unanimous consent request.
(Ms. FALLIN asked and was given permission to revise and extend her remarks.)
Mr. Speaker, I yield to the gentlewoman from Tennessee (Mrs. Blackburn) for a unanimous consent request.
(Mrs. BLACKBURN asked and was given permission to revise and extend her remarks.)
Mr. Speaker, I yield to the gentlewoman from California (Mrs. Bono Mack) for a unanimous consent request.
(Mrs. BONO MACK asked and was given permission to revise and extend her remarks.)
Mr. Speaker, I yield to the gentlewoman from Florida (Ms. Ros-Lehtinen) for a unanimous consent request.
(Ms. ROS-LEHTINEN asked and was given permission to revise and extend her remarks.)
Mr. Speaker, I yield to the gentlewoman from Michigan (Mrs. Miller) for a unanimous consent request.
(Mrs. MILLER of Michigan asked and was given permission to revise and extend her remarks.)
Mr. Speaker, I yield to the gentlewoman from the State of Washington (Mrs. McMorris Rodgers) for a unanimous consent request.
(Mrs. McMORRIS RODGERS asked and was given permission to revise and extend her remarks.)
Mr. Speaker, I yield to the gentlewoman from West Virginia (Mrs. Capito) for a unanimous consent request.
(Mrs. CAPITO asked and was given permission to revise and extend her remarks.)
Mr. Speaker, I yield to the gentlewoman from Illinois (Mrs. Biggert) for a unanimous consent request.
(Mrs. BIGGERT asked and was given permission to revise and extend her remarks.)
Mr. Speaker, I yield to the gentlewoman from Minnesota (Mrs. Bachmann) for a unanimous consent request.
(Mrs. BACHMANN asked and was given permission to revise and extend her remarks.)
Mr. Speaker, I yield to the gentlewoman from Kansas (Ms. Jenkins) for a unanimous consent request.
(Ms. JENKINS asked and was given permission to revise and extend her remarks.)
Mr. Speaker, I yield to the gentlewoman from Wyoming (Mrs. Lummis) for a unanimous consent request.
(Mrs. LUMMIS asked and was given permission to revise and extend her remarks.)
Mr. Speaker, I yield to the gentlewoman from Florida (Ms. Ginny Brown-Waite) for a unanimous consent request.
(Ms. GINNY BROWN-WAITE of Florida asked and was given permission to revise and extend her remarks.)
Mr. Speaker, I yield to the gentlewoman from North Carolina (Ms. Foxx) for a unanimous consent request.
(Ms. FOXX asked and was given permission to revise and extend her remarks.)
Mr. Speaker, I yield to the gentleman from Kentucky (Mr. Davis) for a unanimous consent request.
(Mr. DAVIS of Kentucky asked and was given permission to revise and extend his remarks.)
Mr. Speaker, I yield to the gentleman from Louisiana (Mr. Alexander) for a unanimous consent request.
(Mr. ALEXANDER asked and was given permission to revise and extend his remarks.)
Mr. Speaker, I yield to the gentleman from Texas (Mr. Culberson) for a unanimous consent request.
(Mr. CULBERSON asked and was given permission to revise and extend his remarks.)
Mr. Speaker, I yield to the gentleman from Texas (Mr. Gohmert) for a unanimous consent request.
(Mr. GOHMERT asked and was given permission to revise and extend his remarks.)
Mr. Speaker, I yield to the gentleman from South Carolina (Mr. Wilson) for a unanimous consent request.
(Mr. WILSON of South Carolina asked and was given permission to revise and extend his remarks.)
Mr. Speaker, I yield to the gentleman from Illinois (Mr. Roskam) for a unanimous consent request.
(Mr. ROSKAM asked and was given permission to revise and extend his remarks.)
Mr. Speaker, I would like to yield to the gentleman from Colorado (Mr. Coffman) for a unanimous consent request.
(Mr. COFFMAN asked and was given permission to revise and extend his remarks.)
Mr. Speaker, I would yield to the gentleman from Illinois (Mr. Shimkus) for a unanimous consent request.
(Mr. SHIMKUS asked and was given permission to revise and extend his remarks.)
Mr. Speaker, I yield to the gentleman from Arizona (Mr. Flake) for a unanimous consent request.
(Mr. FLAKE asked and was given permission to revise and extend his remarks.)
Mr. Speaker, I yield to the gentleman from Indiana (Mr. Burton) for a unanimous consent request.
(Mr. BURTON of Indiana asked and was given permission to revise and extend his remarks.)
Mr. Speaker, at this time I would like to inquire upon the time that is left on both sides, please, sir.
Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of my time.
Mr. Speaker, at this time I would like to yield to the gentlewoman from Texas (Ms. Granger) for a unanimous consent request.
(Ms. GRANGER asked and was given permission to revise and extend her remarks.)
Mr. Speaker, I yield to the gentleman from Utah (Mr. Bishop) for a unanimous consent request.
(Mr. BISHOP of Utah asked and was given permission to revise and extend his remarks.)
I would like to yield to the gentleman from California (Mr. Herger) for a unanimous consent request.
(Mr. HERGER asked and was given permission to revise and extend his remarks.)
Mr. Speaker, I yield to the gentleman from New York (Mr. Lee) for a unanimous consent request.
(Mr. LEE of New York asked and was given permission to revise and extend his remarks.)
I would like to yield to the gentleman from Florida (Mr. Posey) for a unanimous consent request.
(Mr. POSEY asked and was given permission to revise and extend his remarks.)
Mr. Speaker, I would yield to the gentleman from New Jersey (Mr. Lance) for a unanimous consent request.
(Mr. LANCE asked and was given permission to revise and extend his remarks.)
Mr. Speaker, I would like to yield to the gentleman from Texas (Mr. Poe) for a unanimous consent request.
(Mr. POE of Texas asked and was given permission to revise and extend his remarks.)
Mr. Speaker, I would like to yield to the gentleman from South Carolina (Mr. Barrett) for a unanimous consent request.
(Mr. BARRETT of South Carolina asked and was given permission to revise and extend his remarks.)
Mr. Speaker, I would like to yield to the gentleman from Alabama (Mr. Bonner) for a unanimous consent request.
(Mr. BONNER asked and was given permission to revise and extend his remarks.)
Mr. Speaker, I appreciate the Speaker, who is forthrightly
following the procedures which he spoke about.
Mr. Speaker, at this time I yield to the gentleman from Texas (Mr. Carter) for a unanimous consent request.
(Mr. CARTER asked and was given permission to revise and extend his remarks.)
I yield to the gentleman from Maryland (Mr. Bartlett) for a unanimous consent request.
(Mr. BARTLETT asked and was given permission to revise and extend his remarks.)
Mr. Speaker, at this time I would like to request the time that remains on both sides, please.
Mr. Speaker, we reserve our time.
Mr. Speaker, I yield to the gentleman from Oklahoma (Mr. Cole) for a unanimous consent request.
(Mr. COLE asked and was given permission to revise and extend his remarks.)
I yield to the gentleman from Florida (Mr. Miller) for a unanimous consent request.
(Mr. MILLER of Florida asked and was given permission to revise and extend his remarks.)
Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may consume.
Mr. Speaker, we are here on the floor today to debate the government takeover of health care in America. We understand that this bill is about a massive tax increase, $740 billion. We understand it is about deep Medicare cuts, some $430 billion. We also understand that millions of jobs will be lost and that mandates for purchasing insurance will cost an incredible $1.2 trillion, and there will be 118 new Federal bureaucracies created by this legislation.
The gentleman from Massachusetts came down and talked about the evil insurance companies. Well, the fact of the matter is that the largest six insurance companies in this country made about $6 billion 2 years ago, but the Federal Government in their mismanagement lost $90 billion. Mr. Speaker, we know who can best take care of the health care for our country.
For the past 5 months, the American people have called out, written and taken part in town hall meetings, calling the Capitol and their Members of Congress to express their outrage to the Democrat health care proposal. But here we are today. Month after month, this country has bled jobs. We are now at a record 10.2 percent unemployment rate, and over 15 million Americans are currently unemployed. And what do we do? We stick it to them again.
Mr. Speaker, last night I offered an amendment in the Rules Committee that would have prohibited any provisions of this bill to take place if the Office of Management and Budget, working with the Department of Labor, found that this bill would result in 4 million jobs or more being lost, but my Democrat opponents defeated that. That means that they really could care less how many jobs are lost in America as a result of this legislation. They want a government-controlled and -run health care system.
Chairman Rangel, the chairman of the Ways and Means Committee, was
up before Rules last night. He admitted to the Rules Committee that he had not asked the CBO or any other independent source for employment implications of this bill. Yet Republicans, using the same economic forecasts and economic models that the White House uses, we find that there would be between 4 and 5 million free enterprise-system jobs that would be lost.
During a time of recession where every single American is trying to make ends meet, what do we find? We find $730 billion in new taxes that are on this bill. Taxes on small businesses, taxes on health savings accounts, and the worst part is is that this will surely lead to a double dip in the recession. This is a problem not only for employers, but it will be a problem for people who want to find jobs.
Mr. Speaker, this is a hard mandate on business, and it means that the free enterprise system will simply not employ more Americans. We're concerned about this. We Republicans are on the floor today, and we're going to stand and say ``no'' to what is happening.
Mr. Speaker, the bottom line is that this legislation for health care will do about for health care what the stimulus did for jobs, the diminishment of employment in America.
I reserve the balance of my time.
Mr. Speaker, at this time I yield to the gentleman from Minnesota for a unanimous consent request.
(Mr. PAULSEN asked and was given permission to revise and extend his remarks.)
Mr. Speaker, at this time I yield to the gentleman from Texas for a unanimous consent request.
(Mr. OLSON asked and was given permission to revise and extend his remarks.)
Mr. Speaker, at this time I yield to the gentleman from North Carolina for a unanimous consent agreement.
(Mr. COBLE asked and was given permission to revise and extend his remarks.)
Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of my time.
Mr. Speaker, at this time I yield 3 minutes to the distinguished gentleman from Miami, Mr. Diaz-Balart, a member of the Rules Committee.
Mr. Speaker, I appreciate the gentlewoman's story. The other side of the story is that it will be $730 billion worth of taxes, that we will have a health care system where you will not be able to choose your own physician, where you will have to call someone to then find out which doctor you go to, and perhaps worst of all, the gentlewoman also needs to know--because we heard in the Rules Committee last night--if you willingly make the decision that you do not want to participate and you do not pay the tax to the IRS, there is a penalty and a fine that is a criminal penalty of up to 5 years in prison and up to a $250,000 fine. That is not freedom.
Criminalizing this issue is a bad way. Mr. Speaker, the Democrats have it on the floor today. It is not in the Senate bill. It is in this bill. So to glorify this bill which has criminal felony penalties is a difficult way to have enforcement.
Mr. Speaker, at this time I would like to yield 1 minute to the gentlewoman from Miami Township, Mrs. Schmidt.
Mr. Speaker, at this time I yield 1 minute to the distinguished gentleman from Fullerton, California (Mr. Royce).
Mr. Speaker, at this time I yield 1 minute to the gentleman from Tarkio, Missouri, the senior Republican member of the Small Business Committee.
Mr. Speaker, at this time I would like to yield 1 minute to a favorite son from Sarasota, Florida (Mr. Buchanan).
Mr. Speaker, I know that Republicans in our districts are also telling seniors and other people that there will be a $730 billion tax increase to pay for this massive government takeover of health care.
Mr. Speaker, at this time I yield 1 minute to the gentleman from Marietta, Georgia (Dr. Gingrey).
Mr. Speaker, at this time I would like to yield 1 minute to the star of the Texas delegation from Dallas, Texas (Mr. Hensarling).
Mr. Speaker, I appreciate the chairman of the Rules Committee asking about our further speakers. We have several speakers left before I would close.
Mr. Speaker, if I may inquire upon the time that remains.
Mr. Speaker, I yield 1 minute to the gentleman from Roanoke, Virginia (Mr. Goodlatte).
Mr. Speaker, at this time I would like to yield 1 minute to the gentleman from Savannah, Georgia (Mr. Kingston).
Mr. Speaker, at this time I would like to yield 90 seconds to the gentleman from Mesa, Arizona (Mr. Flake).
Mr. Speaker, the gentleman from Arizona is correct. This bill is as much about health care as the stimulus package was about jobs. It is to bust the free enterprise system and for all of the control of health care to go to the Federal Government. I get it, and I assure you, the American people get it, also. And we
will give our friends, the Democrats, all of the credit for what they are doing.
Mr. Speaker, at this time I yield 1 minute to the distinguished gentleman from Florida (Mr. Stearns).
(Mr. STEARNS asked and was given permission to revise and extend his remarks.)
Mr. Speaker, I yield 1 minute to the distinguished gentlewoman from Nashville, Tennessee (Mrs. Blackburn) a member of the Energy and Commerce Committee.
Mr. Speaker, I would like to yield 1 minute to the distinguished gentleman from Beaumont, Texas (Mr. Poe).
Mr. Speaker, at this time, I yield 1 minute to the distinguished gentleman from Iowa (Mr. King).
Mr. Speaker, I yield to the gentleman from Texas (Mr. Neugebauer) for a unanimous consent request.
(Mr. NEUGEBAUER asked and was given permission to revise and extend his remarks.)
Mr. Speaker, the Rules Committee did a great job; they held a 12-hour meeting yesterday.
I would like to say to the American people that everybody understands what's in this bill, they have a chance. No unintended consequences with this. Republicans have laid out what we believe will happen.
Mr. Speaker, lots of groups around the country also know what would happen, and I would like to insert into the Record the list of people who would say vote ``no'' on this bill. They are business organizations all across this country.
H.R. 3962--The Affordable Health Care for America Act
Groups Key Voting ``NO''
American Bakers Association; American Conservative Union;
American Council of Engineering Companies; American Hotel and
Lodging Association; American Rental Association; Americans
for Tax Reform (Double Rating); Associated Builders and
Contractors, Inc (ABC); Associated Equipment Distributors;
Associated General Contractors of America; Automotive
Recyclers Association; Brick Industry Association; Club for
Growth; Concerned Women for America; Council for Citizens
Against Government Waste; Family Research Council;
FreedomWorks.
Independent Electrical Contractors; International
Foodservice Distributors Association; International Franchise
Association; National Association of Manufacturers; National
Association of Wholesaler-Distributors; National Federation
of Independent Business (NFIB); National Lumber and Building
Material Dealers Association; National Ready Mix Concrete
Association; National Retail Federation; National Taxpayers
Union; North American Die Casting Association; Printing
Industries of America; Small Business & Entrepreneurship
Council; U.S. Chamber of Commerce.
Groups Opposing H.R. 3962
Aeronautical Repair Station Association; Air Conditioning
Contractors of America; American Academy of Facial Plastic
and Reconstructive Surgery; American Apparel & Footwear
Association; American Architectural Manufacturers
Association; American Association of Neurological Surgeons;
American Benefits Council; American Center for Law and
Justice; American Electric Power; American Family Insurance;
American Farm Bureau Federation; American Foundry Society;
American International Automobile Dealer Association (AIDA);
American Petroleum Institute; American Society of General
Surgeons; American Staffing Association; American Veterinary
Medical Association; American Wire Producers Association;
America's Health Insurance Plans (AHIP); AMT--The Association
For Manufacturing Technology; Arizona-New Mexico Cable
Communications Association; Arkansas Medical Society;
Association of Ship Brokers and Agents.
Association of Washington Business; AT&T; Automotive
Aftermarket Industry Association; Best Buy Co., Inc.; Blue
Cross Blue Shield; Blue Cross Blue Shield of North Dakota;
Bowling Proprietors' Association of America; Business
Roundtable; Caterpillar, Inc.; CIGNA; Congress of
Neurological Surgeons; Corporate Health Care Coalition; Deere
& Company; Eastman Kodak Company; Electronic Security
Association (ESA); Florida Chamber of Commerce; Florida
Medical Association; Food Marketing Institute; Goodrich
Corporation; Heating, Air-conditioning & Refrigeration
Distributors International; HR Policy Association; HSBC North
America; Illinois State Medical Society; Independent
Insurance Agents & Brokers of America.
Independent Office Products & Furniture Dealers
Association; Indiana Chamber of Commerce; Indiana
Manufacturers Association; International Association of
Refrigerated Warehouses; International Housewares
Association; International Sleep Products Association; Kansas
Medical Society; Land O'Lakes, Inc.; Maine Chamber of
Commerce; Marathon Oil Corporation; Marine Retailers
Association of America; MeadWestvaco Corporation; Medical
Association of Georgia; Medical Society of Deleware; Medical
Society of New Jersey; Medical Society of the District of
Columbia; Minnesota Chamber of Commerce; Missouri Chamber of
Commerce and Industry; Motor & Equipment Manufacturers
Association; NAMM, International Music Products Association.
National Association of Convenience Stores (NACS); National
Association of Health Underwriters; National Association of
Mortgage Brokers; National Association of Theatre Owners;
National Automobile Dealers Association; National Business
Group on Health; National Club Association; National
Coalition on Benefits (440 Associations and Companies);
National Council of Chain Restaurants; National Funeral
Directors Association; National Grocers Association; National
Newspaper Association; National Roofing Contractors
Association; National Rural Electric Cooperative Association;
National Teachers Associates Life Insurance Company; National
Tooling Machining Association; National Utility Contractors
Association; North Carolina Chamber; North Dakota Chamber of
Commerce; Northeastern Retail Lumber Association.
Nursery and Landscape Association; Ohio Chamber of
Commerce; Ohio State Medical Association; Pennsylvania
Chamber of Business and Industry; Pharmaceutical Research and
Manufacturers of America (PhRMA); Plumbing-Heating-Cooling
Contractors Association; Precision Machined Products
Association; Precision Metalforming Association; Professional
Golfers Association of America; Republican Jewish Coalition;
Retail Industry Leaders Association (RILA); Self-Insurance
Institute of America (SIIA); Small Business Coalition for
Affordable Health Care; Society for Human Resource
Management; Society of American Florists; Society of Chemical
Manufacturers & Affiliates; South Carolina Chamber of
Commerce; South Carolina Medical Association; Specialty
Equipment Market Association (SEMA); SPI: The Plastics
Industry Trade Association.
Tennessee Chamber of Commerce & Industry; Texas Association
of Business; The Black & Decker Corporation; The Business
Coalition for Fair Competition; The Business Council of New
York State, Inc.; The Dow Chemical Company; The ERISA
Industry Committee; The Louisiana State Medical Society; The
Medical Association of the State of Alabama; Tire Industry
Association; Triological Society; Tyco International; UAM
Action Network; United Parcel Service, Inc.; United States
Steel Corporation; Universal Health Network; Utah
Manufacturers Association; Verizon Communications; Virginia
Chamber of Commerce; Wedding & Event Videographers
Association International; WellPoint, Inc.; Western Growers
Association Wisconsin Manufacturers & Commerce; Wood
Machinery Manufacturers of America (WMMA); Xerox Corporation.
Mr. Speaker, we understand $732.5 billion worth of tax increases. Once again, let's get this right. No unintended consequences here. This is a job killer.
I will insert into the Record a list of the tax increases that are proposed in this bill.
Top Ten Tax Increases Included in H.R. 3962
(As scheduled for consideration on the House Floor on November 7, 2009)
1. Small business surtax (Sec. 551, p. 336): $460.5
billion.
2. Employer Mandate tax* (Secs. 511-512, p. 308): $135.0
billion.
3. Individual Mandate tax* (Sec. 501, p. 296): $33.0
billion.
4. Medical device tax* (Sec. 552, p. 339): $20.0 billion.
5. $2,500 Annual cap on FSAs* (Sec. 532, p. 325): $13.3
billion,
6. Prohibition on pre-tax purchases of over-the-counter
drugs through HSAs, FSAs, and HRAs* (Sec. 531, p. 324): $5.0
billion.
7. Tax on health insurance policies to fund comparative
effectiveness research trust fund* (Sec. 1802, p. 1162): $2.0
billion.
8. 20% Penalty on certain HSA distributions* (Sec. 533, p.
326): $1.3 billion.
9. Other tax hikes and increased compliance costs on U.S.
job creators: $60.2 billion.
IRS reporting on payments to certain businesses (Sec. 553,
p. 344): $17.1 Billion.
Repeal implementation of worldwide interest allocation
rules (Sec. 554, p. 345): $6.0 billion.
Cellulosic Biofuel Credit/deny eligibility for ``black
liquor'' (New Sec. 555, inserted on p. 346): $23.9 billion.
Override U.S. treaties on certain payments by
``insourcing'' businesses (Sec. 561, p. 346): $7.5 billion.
Codify economic substance doctrine and impose penalties
(Sec. 562, p. 349): $5.7 billion.
10. Other revenue-raising provisions: $2.2 billion.
Total tax increases: $732.5 billion.
Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of my time.
Mr. Speaker, I spoke just a second ago about the mandates that would be criminal penalties. I would like to enter a letter from the gentleman, Mr. Camp, that is from the Joint Committee on Taxation that outlines this part of the law.
Congress of the United States,
Joint Committee on Taxation,
Washington, DC, November 5, 2009.
Hon. Dave Camp,
House of Representatives,
Washington, DC.
Dear Mr. Camp: This is in response to your request for
information relating to enforcement through the Internal
Revenue Code (``Code'') of the individual mandate of H.R.
3962, as amended, the ``Affordable Health Care for America
Act.'' You specifically inquired about penalties for a
willful failure to comply.
Tax on individuals without acceptable health care coverage
H.R. 3962 provides that an individual (or a husband and
wife in the case of a joint return) who does not, at any time
during the taxable year, maintain acceptable health insurance
coverage for himself or herself and each of his or her
qualifying children is subject to an additional tax. The tax
is equal to the lesser of (a) the national average premium
for single or family coverage, as applicable, as determined
by the Secretary of Treasury in coordination with the Health
Choices Commissioner, or (b) 2.5 percent of the excess of the
taxpayer's modified adjusted gross income over the threshold
amount of income required for the income tax return filing
for that taxpayer. This tax is in addition to both regular
income tax and the alternative minimum tax, and is prorated
for periods in which the failure exists for only part of the
year. In general, the additional tax applies only to United
States citizens and resident aliens. The additional tax does
not apply to those who are residents of the possessions or
who are dependents, nor does it apply to those whose lapses
in coverage are de minimis or those with religious conscience
exemptions. The additional tax does not apply if the
maintenance of acceptable coverage would result in a hardship
to the individual or if the person's income is below the
threshold for filing a Federal income tax return.
Range of civil and criminal penalties for noncompliance
You asked that I discuss the situation in which the
taxpayer has chosen not to comply with individual mandate and
not to pay the additional tax. The Code provides for both
civil and criminal penalties to ensure complete and accurate
reporting of tax liability and to discourage fraudulent
attempts to defeat or evade tax. Civil and criminal penalties
are applied separately. Thus, a taxpayer convicted of a
criminal tax offense may be subject to both criminal and
civil penalties, and a taxpayer acquitted of a criminal tax
offense may nonetheless be subject to civil tax penalties. In
cases involving both criminal and civil penalties, the IRS
generally does not pursue both simultaneously, but delays
pursuit of civil penalties until the criminal proceedings
have concluded.
The majority of delinquent taxes and penalties are
collected through the civil process. In determining whether a
penalty applies along with an adjustment to a tax return, the
examining agent is constrained not only by the applicable
statutory provisions, but also by the written policy of the
IRS not to treat penalties as bargaining points but instead
to develop the facts sufficiently to support the decision to
assert or not to assert a penalty. The goal is consistency,
fairness and predictability in administration of penalties.
If the government determines that the taxpayer's unpaid tax
liability results from willful behavior, the following
penalties could apply.
Civil penalties
Section 6662(a)--an accuracy related penalty of 20 percent
of the underpayment attributable to health care tax, based on
negligence or disregard (the former includes lack of a
reasonable attempt to comply and the latter includes any
intentional disregard of rules or regulations) or substantial
understatement, if the understatement of tax is sufficiently
large.
Section 6663--a fraud penalty of 75 percent of the
underpayment, if the government can prove fraudulent intent
to avoid taxes by clear and convincing evidence.
Section 6702--a $5,000 penalty for taking a frivolous
position on a tax return, if the underpayment is intended to
delay or impede tax administration and the return on its face
indicates that the self-assessment is substantially
incorrect.
Section 6651--delinquency penalty of .5 percent of the
underpayment, each month, up to a maximum of 25 percent of
the underpayment.
Criminal penalties
Prosecution is authorized under the Code for a variety of
offenses. Depending on the level of the noncompliance, the
following penalties could apply to an individual:
Section 7203--misdemeanor willful failure to pay is
punishable by a fine of up to $25,000 and/or imprisonment of
up to one year.
Section 7201--felony willful evasion is punishable by a
fine of up to $250,000 and/or imprisonment of up to five
years.
Application of penalties under current practice
The IRS attempts to collect most unpaid liabilities through
the civil procedures described above. A number of factors
distinguish civil from criminal penalties, in addition to the
potential for incarceration if found guilty of a crime.
Unlike the standard in civil cases, successful criminal
prosecution requires that the government bear the burden of
proof beyond a reasonable doubt of all elements of the
offense. Most criminal offenses require proof that the
offense was willful, which is a degree of culpability greater
than that required in a civil penalty cases. For example, a
prosecution for willful failure to pay under section 7203
requires proof beyond a reasonable doubt both that the
taxpayer intentionally violated a known legal duty and that
the taxpayer had the ability to pay. In contrast, in applying
the civil penalty for failure to pay under section 6651, the
burden is on the taxpayer: the penalty applies unless the
taxpayer can establish reasonable cause and lack of willful
neglect with respect to his failure to pay.
Criminal prosecution is not authorized without careful
review by both the IRS and the Department of Justice. In
practice the application of criminal penalties is infrequent.
In fiscal year 2008, the total cases referred for prosecution
of legal source tax crimes were as follows.
Investigations initiated: 1,531.
Indictments and informations: 757.
Convictions: 666.
Sentenced: 645.
Incarcerated: 498.
Percentage of those sentenced who were incarcerated: 77.2.
Of the 666 convictions reported above for fiscal year 2008,
fewer than 100 were convictions for willful failure to file
or pay taxes under section 7203. Civil penalties outnumber
criminal penalties imposed. For example, in fiscal year 2008,
compared to the 666 convictions, approximately 392,000
accuracy related penalties were assessed on individual
returns. Also in fiscal year 2008, the IRS assessed 5,502
penalties under section 6702 for frivolous positions taken on
returns.
I hope this information is helpful for you. If I can be of
further assistance, please contact me.
Sincerely,
Thomas A. Barthold.
Mr. Speaker, at this time, I would like to yield for the close for the Republican Party, the distinguished gentleman, the ranking member of the Rules Committee, the gentleman from San Dimas, California (Mr. Dreier).
(Mr. DREIER asked and was given permission to revise and extend his remarks.)
Mr. Speaker, I demand a recorded vote.