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110th Congress (2007-2009) hub

110th Congress (2007-2009), in detail.

Every analytics panel scoped to the 110th Congress (2007-2009), plus comparisons against the 109th.

14,042
Bills introduced
460
Became law
2,533
Roll-call votes
554
Members

Productivity Index

110th Congress by the numbers: 14,042 bills introduced, 460 enacted, 2,533 roll-call votes.

14,042Bills introduced+7.4% vs. previous
460Became law-4.8% vs. previous
2,533Roll-call votes
3.3% of bills introduced this congress have become law.
Source: Congress.gov110th Congress
Section 1

Member Rankings

The named winners and losers — workhorses, mavericks, and bipartisan builders.

The Workhorse Index

Members ranked by primary-sponsored bills.

  1. 1Hillary Rodham Clinton
    164bills
  2. 2Dianne Feinstein
    Dianne Feinstein
    D·CASENATE
    138bills
  3. 3Harry Reid
    Harry Reid
    D·NVSENATE
    130bills
  4. 4John F. Kerry
    John F. Kerry
    D·MASENATE
    115bills
  5. 5Charles E. Schumer
    113bills
  1. 6Richard J. Durbin
    110bills
  2. 7Christopher J. Dodd
    99bills
  3. 8Edward M. Kennedy
    97bills
  4. 9Olympia J. Snowe
    Olympia J. Snowe
    R·MESENATE
    92bills
  5. 10Russell D. Feingold
    91bills
Show all (10)
Source: Congress.gov110th Congress

Cosponsor Kings

Members who sign onto the most bills.

  1. 1Raúl M. Grijalva
    Raúl M. Grijalva
    D·AZ-7HOUSE
    1,238cosponsorships
  2. 2Sheila Jackson Lee
    Sheila Jackson Lee
    D·TX-18HOUSE
    1,090cosponsorships
  3. 3Steve Cohen
    Steve Cohen
    D·TN-9HOUSE
    1,089cosponsorships
  4. 4Janice D. Schakowsky
    1,042cosponsorships
  5. 5James P. McGovern
    James P. McGovern
    D·MA-3HOUSE
    959cosponsorships
  1. 6Donald M. Payne
    Donald M. Payne
    D·NJ-10HOUSE
    915cosponsorships
  2. 7Bob Filner
    Bob Filner
    D·CA-51HOUSE
    914cosponsorships
  3. 8Maurice D. Hinchey
    Maurice D. Hinchey
    D·NY-22HOUSE
    896cosponsorships
  4. 9Thaddeus G. McCotter
    888cosponsorships
  5. 10Danny K. Davis
    Danny K. Davis
    D·IL-7HOUSE
    871cosponsorships
Show all (10)
Source: Congress.gov110th Congress

The Maverick Meter

Members who vote against their party's majority position most often.

  1. 1Olympia J. Snowe
    Olympia J. Snowe
    R·MESENATE
    35%230 of 656
  2. 2Susan M. Collins
    Susan M. Collins
    R·MESENATE
    32%211 of 657
  3. 3Arlen Specter
    Arlen Specter
    D·PASENATE
    29%189 of 647
  4. 4Gordon H. Smith
    Gordon H. Smith
    R·ORSENATE
    27%178 of 652
  5. 5Wayne T. Gilchrest
    Wayne T. Gilchrest
    R·MD-1HOUSE
    25%402 of 1601
  1. 6George V. Voinovich
    24%158 of 645
  2. 7Ron Paul
    Ron Paul
    R·TX-14HOUSE
    24%340 of 1404
  3. 8Christopher H. Smith
    22%397 of 1826
  4. 9Norm Coleman
    Norm Coleman
    R·MNSENATE
    21%135 of 634
  5. 10Chuck Hagel
    Chuck Hagel
    R·NESENATE
    21%128 of 606
Show all (10)
Source: Congress.gov110th Congress

Bipartisan Builders

Cosponsorships of bills sponsored by the opposite party.

  1. 1Christopher Shays
    Christopher Shays
    R·CT-4HOUSE
    516cross-party cosponsorships
  2. 2Bernard Sanders
    Bernard Sanders
    I·VTSENATE
    433cross-party cosponsorships
  3. 3Thaddeus G. McCotter
    369cross-party cosponsorships
  4. 4Phil English
    Phil English
    R·PA-3HOUSE
    355cross-party cosponsorships
  5. 5Olympia J. Snowe
    Olympia J. Snowe
    R·MESENATE
    351cross-party cosponsorships
  1. 6Susan M. Collins
    Susan M. Collins
    R·MESENATE
    326cross-party cosponsorships
  2. 7Todd Russell Platts
    Todd Russell Platts
    R·PA-19HOUSE
    324cross-party cosponsorships
  3. 8Ileana Ros-Lehtinen
    Ileana Ros-Lehtinen
    R·FL-18HOUSE
    303cross-party cosponsorships
  4. 9Dan Burton
    Dan Burton
    R·IN-5HOUSE
    295cross-party cosponsorships
  5. 10Jim Ramstad
    Jim Ramstad
    R·MN-3HOUSE
    291cross-party cosponsorships
Show all (10)
Source: Congress.gov110th Congress

Freshman Power Rankings

First-term members of the 110th Congress, ranked by composite activity.

  1. 1Steve Cohen
    Steve Cohen
    D·TN-9HOUSE
    1,285composite score
  2. 2Keith Ellison
    Keith Ellison
    D·MN-5HOUSE
    896composite score
  3. 3Phil Hare
    Phil Hare
    D·IL-17HOUSE
    869composite score
  4. 4Betty Sutton
    Betty Sutton
    D·OH-13HOUSE
    847composite score
  5. 5Mazie K. Hirono
    Mazie K. Hirono
    D·HI-2HOUSE
    683composite score
  1. 6Jason Altmire
    Jason Altmire
    D·PA-4HOUSE
    682composite score
  2. 7Joe Sestak
    Joe Sestak
    D·PA-7HOUSE
    659composite score
  3. 8Henry C. "Hank" Johnson, Jr.
    655composite score
  4. 9Peter Welch
    Peter Welch
    D·VTHOUSE
    653composite score
  5. 10Yvette D. Clarke
    Yvette D. Clarke
    D·NY-11HOUSE
    651composite score
Show all (10)
Source: Congress.gov110th Congress

Closest Re-elections

Members whose last election was decided by the smallest margins.

  1. 1Joe Courtney
    Joe Courtney
    D·CT-2HOUSE
    0.03pt margin
  2. 2Vern Buchanan
    Vern Buchanan
    R·FL-13HOUSE
    0.15pt margin
  3. 3Robin Hayes
    Robin Hayes
    R·NC-8HOUSE
    0.27pt margin
  4. 4Jim Webb
    Jim Webb
    D·VASENATE
    0.39pt margin
  5. 5Heather Wilson
    Heather Wilson
    R·NM-1HOUSE
    0.41pt margin
  1. 6Deborah Pryce
    Deborah Pryce
    R·OH-15HOUSE
    0.48pt margin
  2. 7Barbara Cubin
    Barbara Cubin
    R·WYHOUSE
    0.52pt margin
  3. 8John Barrow
    John Barrow
    D·GA-12HOUSE
    0.61pt margin
  4. 9Patrick J. Murphy
    Patrick J. Murphy
    D·PA-8HOUSE
    0.61pt margin
  5. 10Paul C. Broun
    Paul C. Broun
    R·GA-10HOUSE
    0.84pt margin
Show all (10)
110th Congress

Attendance Hall of Fame & Hall of Shame

Who showed up — and who didn't.

Hall of Fame · best 5

  1. 1Susan M. Collins
    Susan M. Collins
    R·MESENATE
    100.0%657 of 657
  2. 2Olympia J. Snowe
    Olympia J. Snowe
    R·MESENATE
    100.0%657 of 657
  3. 3Chuck Grassley
    Chuck Grassley
    R·IASENATE
    100.0%657 of 657
  4. 4Herb Kohl
    Herb Kohl
    D·WISENATE
    100.0%657 of 657
  5. 5Steve Scalise
    Steve Scalise
    R·LA-1HOUSE
    100.0%423 of 423
  1. 6Russell D. Feingold
    100.0%657 of 657
  2. 7Ken Salazar
    Ken Salazar
    D·COSENATE
    100.0%657 of 657
  3. 8John Barrasso
    John Barrasso
    R·WYSENATE
    100.0%431 of 431
  4. 9Robert P. Casey Jr.
    100.0%657 of 657
  5. 10Jason Altmire
    Jason Altmire
    D·PA-4HOUSE
    99.9%1876 of 1877
Show all (10)

Hall of Shame · worst 5

  1. 1Charles W. Norwood
    Charles W. Norwood
    R·GA-10HOUSE
    52.1%90 of 188 missed
  2. 2Jo Ann Davis
    Jo Ann Davis
    R·VA-1HOUSE
    53.8%815 of 1763 missed
  3. 3John McCain
    John McCain
    R·AZSENATE
    61.0%420 of 1077 missed
  4. 4Eni F. H. Faleomavaega
    66.9%233 of 704 missed
  5. 5Barbara Cubin
    Barbara Cubin
    R·WYHOUSE
    67.0%923 of 2799 missed
  1. 6Tim Johnson
    Tim Johnson
    D·SDSENATE
    67.9%311 of 968 missed
  2. 7Barack Obama
    Barack Obama
    D·ILSENATE
    68.4%303 of 958 missed
  3. 8Luis G. Fortuno
    Luis G. Fortuno
    R·PRHOUSE
    73.9%166 of 637 missed
  4. 9Bobby Jindal
    Bobby Jindal
    R·LA-1HOUSE
    74.8%399 of 1585 missed
  5. 10Bobby L. Rush
    Bobby L. Rush
    D·IL-1HOUSE
    75.8%599 of 2475 missed
Show all (10)
Source: Congress.gov110th Congress
Section 2

Bills Pulse

What Congress is working on, what makes it through, and what dies on the way.

The Mortality Funnel

Only 3.3% of bills introduced in the 110th Congress have become law (460 of 14,042).

Introduced
14,042
Saw action
14,042100%
Passed a chamber
2,76020%
Passed both chambers
1,90069%
Became law
46024%
Source: Congress.gov110th Congress

Time to Pass

Median time from introduction to enactment: 134 days.

< 30 days
80
30–90 days
91
90–180 days
123
180–365 days
99
1–2 years
67
2+ years
0
Range: 1 – 656 days · 460 enacted bills
Source: Congress.gov110th Congress

Policy Area Treemap

14,042 bills across 35 policy areas.

Bills by policy area in 110th Congress (2007-2009)
Commemorations1,647Health1,332Taxation1,194Foreign Trade and Interna…980Armed Forces and National…916International Affairs893Public Lands and Natural …707Congress657Crime and Law Enforcement535Education517
Source: Congress.gov110th Congress

Most Active Bills (last 30 days)

The bills Congress keeps coming back to.

  • H.Res. 1532

    Condemning the November 26, 2008, terrorist attacks in Mumbai, India, and expressing sympathy to the innocent victims from India and around the world.

    130
    velocity
  • H.R. 7309

    To amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to suspend employment and income taxes for the first two months of 2009, and for other purposes.

    60.5
    velocity
  • H.R. 5927

    International Violence Against Women Act of 2008

    37.5
    velocity
  • H.R. 7311

    William Wilberforce Trafficking Victims Protection Reauthorization Act of 2008

    37
    velocity
  • S.Res. 728

    A resolution designating January 2009 as "National Mentoring Month".

    33
    velocity
  • H.R. 7277

    Temporary IRA Distribution Suspension Act of 2008

    33
    velocity
  • H.R. 7327

    Worker, Retiree, and Employer Recovery Act of 2008

    28.5
    velocity
  • H.R. 7308

    State and Local Sales Tax Deduction Expansion Act of 2008

    25.5
    velocity
  • H.R. 7273

    To amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to allow an above-the-line deduction against individual income tax for interest on indebtedness and for State and local sales and excise taxes with respect to the purchase of certain motor vehicles.

    25.5
    velocity
  • S. 3712

    A bill to make a technical correction in the Paul Wellstone and Pete Domenici Mental Health Parity and Addiction Equity Act of 2008.

    23
    velocity
Source: Congress.gov110th Congress

Most Cosponsored Bills

Which bills built the biggest coalitions.

  • H.R. 406

    Alice Paul Women's Suffrage Congressional Gold Medal Act

    406
    cosponsors
  • H.R. 82

    Social Security Fairness Act of 2007

    352
    cosponsors
  • H.R. 5714

    United States Army Commemorative Coin Act of 2008

    348
    cosponsors
  • H.R. 1110

    To amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to allow Federal civilian and military retirees to pay health insurance premiums on a pretax basis and to allow a deduction for TRICARE supplemental premiums.

    344
    cosponsors
  • H.R. 1400

    Iran Counter-Proliferation Act of 2007

    325
    cosponsors
  • H.R. 1125

    Freedom to Fly Act of 2007

    315
    cosponsors
  • H.R. 1154

    To award a Congressional Gold Medal to Michael Ellis DeBakey, M.D.

    313
    cosponsors
  • H.R. 2040

    Civil Rights Act of 1964 Commemorative Coin Act

    313
    cosponsors
  • H.R. 5825

    Hubbard Act

    312
    cosponsors
  • H.R. 1609

    To award posthumously a Congressional Gold Medal to Constantino Brumidi.

    303
    cosponsors
Source: Congress.gov110th Congress

Bipartisan Magnet Bills

Bills with the most balanced D/R cosponsorship.

  • 1
    H.R. 2750

    NASA 50th Anniversary Commemorative Coin Act

    D149
    R149
    100
    balance
  • 2
    H.R. 3315

    To provide that the great hall of the Capitol Visitor Center shall be known as Emancipation Hall.

    D114
    R114
    100
    balance
  • 3
    S.Res. 97

    A resolution relative to the death of Thomas F. Eagleton, former United States Senator for the State of Missouri.

    D49
    R49
    100
    balance
  • 4
    S.Res. 165

    A resolution relative to the death of Representative Juanita Millender-McDonald, of California.

    D49
    R49
    100
    balance
  • 5
    S.Res. 157

    A resolution extending the best wishes of the Senate to New Jersey Governor Jon S. Corzine and expressing the Senate's hope for his speedy and complete recovery.

    D49
    R49
    100
    balance
  • 6
    S.Res. 19

    A resolution honoring President Gerald Rudolph Ford.

    D49
    R49
    100
    balance
  • 7
    S.Res. 271

    A resolution honoring Lady Bird Johnson.

    D49
    R49
    100
    balance
  • 8
    S.Res. 122

    A resolution commemorating the 25th anniversary of the construction and dedication of the Vietnam Veterans Memorial.

    D35
    R35
    100
    balance
  • 9
    H.R. 6982

    To designate the facility of the United States Postal Service located at 210 South Ellsworth Avenue in San Mateo, California, as the "Leo J. Ryan Post Office Building".

    D32
    R32
    100
    balance
  • 10
    H.R. 1730

    MedPAC Rural Representation Act

    D29
    R29
    100
    balance
Source: Congress.gov110th Congress

Chamber Composition

Every member who served at any point during the 110th Congress.

house453
house party composition
  • Democrat246
  • Republican207
senate102
senate party composition
  • Democrat50
  • Independent1
  • Republican51
Source: Congress.gov110th Congress
Section 3

Votes & Polarization

Roll-call patterns, partisan fault lines, and the moments Congress was nearly tied.

Closest Votes

Roll-call votes decided by the smallest margins.

  • 1

    On Motion to Recommit with Instructions

    house·H.R. 5719·Apr 15, 2008
    0
    vote margin
    Yea 210
    210 Nay
  • 2

    On the Motion to Reconsider S.Amdt. 4189 to S.Con.Res. 70 (No short title on file)

    senate·Mar 13, 2008
    0
    vote margin
    Yea 50
    50 Nay
  • 3

    On the Amendment S.Amdt. 4335 to S.Con.Res. 70 (No short title on file)

    senate·Mar 13, 2008
    0
    vote margin
    Yea 49
    49 Nay
  • 4

    On the Amendment S.Amdt. 4191 to S.Con.Res. 70 (No short title on file)

    senate·Mar 13, 2008
    0
    vote margin
    Yea 50
    50 Nay
  • 5

    Call of the House

    house·Mar 13, 2008
    0
    vote margin
  • 6

    Call of the House

    house·Jan 15, 2008
    0
    vote margin
  • 7

    Call of the House

    house·Dec 6, 2007
    0
    vote margin
  • 8

    Call of the House

    house·Nov 14, 2007
    0
    vote margin
  • 9

    On the Amendment S.Amdt. 2898 to S.Amdt. 2011 to H.R. 1585 (National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2008)

    senate·Sep 21, 2007
    0
    vote margin
    Yea 47
    47 Nay
  • 10

    Call in Committee

    house·Jul 31, 2007
    0
    vote margin
Source: Congress.gov110th Congress

Committee Power Index

Committees ranked by bills referred and bills enacted.

Source: Congress.gov110th Congress

Vote Type Breakdown

2,533 roll-call votes by category.

Votes by type in 110th Congress (2007-2009)
procedural1,166amendment814passage208cloture101other97adjournment62confirmation37journal31quorum11veto_override5
Source: Congress.gov110th Congress

VP Tie-Breakers

Times the Vice President cast the deciding vote in the Senate.

1
Tie-breaker votes
Source: Congress.gov110th Congress

Vote Activity Calendar

2,533 roll-call votes over 286 days.

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
SunTueThuSat
Source: Congress.gov110th Congress
Section 4

Find your Vote Twin

The headline interactive — answer 10 real votes, find the member who voted most like you.

Find your Vote Twin

Pick topics, answer 10 real votes, and we'll show you the member of Congress who voted most like you.

Section 5

vs. Previous Congress

110th vs. 109th Congress

Side-by-side, with directional change.

Bills introduced
14,042
vs.
13,072
+7.4%
Became law
460
vs.
483
-4.8%
Roll-call votes
2,533
vs.
1,859
+36.3%