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117th Congress (2021-2023) hub

117th Congress (2021-2023), in detail.

Every analytics panel scoped to the 117th Congress (2021-2023), plus comparisons against the 116th.

17,828
Bills introduced
365
Became law
1,947
Roll-call votes
557
Members

Productivity Index

117th Congress by the numbers: 17,828 bills introduced, 365 enacted, 1,947 roll-call votes.

17,828Bills introduced+7.4% vs. previous
365Became law+6.1% vs. previous
1,947Roll-call votes
2.0% of bills introduced this congress have become law.
Source: Congress.gov117th Congress
Section 1

Member Rankings

The named winners and losers — workhorses, mavericks, and bipartisan builders.

The Workhorse Index

Members ranked by primary-sponsored bills.

  1. 1Marco Rubio
    Marco Rubio
    R·FLSENATE
    218bills
  2. 2Amy Klobuchar
    Amy Klobuchar
    D·MNSENATE
    181bills
  3. 3Robert Menendez
    Robert Menendez
    D·NJSENATE
    157bills
  4. 4Mike Lee
    Mike Lee
    R·UTSENATE
    137bills
  5. 5Robert P. Casey Jr.
    130bills
  1. 6Edward J. Markey
    Edward J. Markey
    D·MASENATE
    129bills
  2. 7Cory A. Booker
    Cory A. Booker
    D·NJSENATE
    125bills
  3. 8Richard J. Durbin
    119bills
  4. 9Catherine Cortez Masto
    116bills
  5. 10John Cornyn
    John Cornyn
    R·TXSENATE
    112bills
Show all (10)
Source: Congress.gov117th Congress

Cosponsor Kings

Members who sign onto the most bills.

  1. 1Richard Blumenthal
    906cosponsorships
  2. 2Cory A. Booker
    Cory A. Booker
    D·NJSENATE
    735cosponsorships
  3. 3Chris Van Hollen
    Chris Van Hollen
    D·MDSENATE
    721cosponsorships
  4. 4Amy Klobuchar
    Amy Klobuchar
    D·MNSENATE
    713cosponsorships
  5. 5Tina Smith
    Tina Smith
    D·MNSENATE
    675cosponsorships
  1. 6Dianne Feinstein
    Dianne Feinstein
    D·CASENATE
    666cosponsorships
  2. 7Elizabeth Warren
    Elizabeth Warren
    D·MASENATE
    650cosponsorships
  3. 8Alex Padilla
    Alex Padilla
    D·CASENATE
    639cosponsorships
  4. 9Edward J. Markey
    Edward J. Markey
    D·MASENATE
    622cosponsorships
  5. 10Richard J. Durbin
    613cosponsorships
Show all (10)
Source: Congress.gov117th Congress

The Maverick Meter

Members who vote against their party's majority position most often.

  1. 1Susan M. Collins
    Susan M. Collins
    R·MESENATE
    53%499 of 948
  2. 2Lisa Murkowski
    Lisa Murkowski
    R·AKSENATE
    45%400 of 883
  3. 3Lindsey Graham
    Lindsey Graham
    R·SCSENATE
    36%315 of 865
  4. 4Rob Portman
    Rob Portman
    R·OHSENATE
    26%239 of 909
  5. 5Mitt Romney
    Mitt Romney
    R·UTSENATE
    24%218 of 902
  1. 6Roy Blunt
    Roy Blunt
    R·MOSENATE
    23%201 of 865
  2. 7Thom Tillis
    Thom Tillis
    R·NCSENATE
    23%203 of 886
  3. 8Mike Rounds
    Mike Rounds
    R·SDSENATE
    22%162 of 741
  4. 9Shelley Moore Capito
    22%200 of 918
  5. 10Richard Burr
    Richard Burr
    R·NCSENATE
    20%160 of 814
Show all (10)
Source: Congress.gov117th Congress

Bipartisan Builders

Cosponsorships of bills sponsored by the opposite party.

  1. 1Angus S. King Jr.
    487cross-party cosponsorships
  2. 2Bernard Sanders
    Bernard Sanders
    I·VTSENATE
    455cross-party cosponsorships
  3. 3Susan M. Collins
    Susan M. Collins
    R·MESENATE
    367cross-party cosponsorships
  4. 4Shelley Moore Capito
    229cross-party cosponsorships
  5. 5Margaret Wood Hassan
    218cross-party cosponsorships
  1. 6Rob Portman
    Rob Portman
    R·OHSENATE
    199cross-party cosponsorships
  2. 7Lisa Murkowski
    Lisa Murkowski
    R·AKSENATE
    194cross-party cosponsorships
  3. 8Marco Rubio
    Marco Rubio
    R·FLSENATE
    190cross-party cosponsorships
  4. 9Thom Tillis
    Thom Tillis
    R·NCSENATE
    182cross-party cosponsorships
  5. 10Raphael G. Warnock
    176cross-party cosponsorships
Show all (10)
Source: Congress.gov117th Congress

Freshman Power Rankings

First-term members of the 117th Congress, ranked by composite activity.

  1. 1Nikema Williams
    Nikema Williams
    D·GA-5HOUSE
    1,038composite score
  2. 2Alex Padilla
    Alex Padilla
    D·CASENATE
    923composite score
  3. 3Mondaire Jones
    Mondaire Jones
    D·NY-17HOUSE
    856composite score
  4. 4Maria Elvira Salazar
    826composite score
  5. 5Mariannette Miller-Meeks
    824composite score
  1. 6Deborah K. Ross
    Deborah K. Ross
    D·NC-2HOUSE
    771composite score
  2. 7Andrew R. Garbarino
    754composite score
  3. 8Marie Newman
    Marie Newman
    D·IL-3HOUSE
    749composite score
  4. 9Raphael G. Warnock
    743composite score
  5. 10Young Kim
    Young Kim
    R·CA-39HOUSE
    699composite score
Show all (10)
Source: Congress.gov117th Congress

Closest Re-elections

Members whose last election was decided by the smallest margins.

  1. 1Jon Ossoff
    Jon Ossoff
    D·GASENATE
    1.23pt margin
  2. 2Gary C. Peters
    Gary C. Peters
    D·MISENATE
    1.69pt margin
  3. 3Thom Tillis
    Thom Tillis
    R·NCSENATE
    1.75pt margin
  4. 4Raphael G. Warnock
    2.08pt margin
  5. 5Tina Smith
    Tina Smith
    D·MNSENATE
    5.24pt margin
  1. 6Ben Ray Luján
    Ben Ray Luján
    D·NMSENATE
    6.11pt margin
  2. 7Joni Ernst
    Joni Ernst
    R·IASENATE
    6.59pt margin
  3. 8Susan M. Collins
    Susan M. Collins
    R·MESENATE
    8.6pt margin
  4. 9John W. Hickenlooper
    9.32pt margin
  5. 10John Cornyn
    John Cornyn
    R·TXSENATE
    9.64pt margin
Show all (10)
117th Congress

Attendance Hall of Fame & Hall of Shame

Who showed up — and who didn't.

Hall of Fame · best 5

  1. 1Chuck Grassley
    Chuck Grassley
    R·IASENATE
    100.0%949 of 949
  2. 2Susan M. Collins
    Susan M. Collins
    R·MESENATE
    99.9%949 of 950
  3. 3Andy Kim
    Andy Kim
    D·NJSENATE
    99.8%998 of 1000
  4. 4Lisa Blunt Rochester
    99.8%998 of 1000
  5. 5Adam B. Schiff
    Adam B. Schiff
    D·CASENATE
    99.7%998 of 1001
  1. 6Jon Tester
    Jon Tester
    D·MTSENATE
    99.7%949 of 952
  2. 7Jack Reed
    Jack Reed
    D·RISENATE
    99.6%949 of 953
  3. 8Richard J. Durbin
    99.6%949 of 953
  4. 9Thomas R. Carper
    Thomas R. Carper
    D·DESENATE
    99.6%949 of 953
  5. 10James Lankford
    James Lankford
    R·OKSENATE
    99.4%949 of 955
Show all (10)

Hall of Shame · worst 5

  1. 1Mike Rounds
    Mike Rounds
    R·SDSENATE
    82.2%206 of 1155 missed
  2. 2Richard Burr
    Richard Burr
    R·NCSENATE
    87.7%133 of 1082 missed
  3. 3Kevin Cramer
    Kevin Cramer
    R·NDSENATE
    88.6%122 of 1071 missed
  4. 4Ted Budd
    Ted Budd
    R·NCSENATE
    89.0%123 of 1121 missed
  5. 5Dianne Feinstein
    Dianne Feinstein
    D·CASENATE
    89.3%114 of 1063 missed
  1. 6Patrick J. Toomey
    90.0%106 of 1055 missed
  2. 7James M. Inhofe
    James M. Inhofe
    R·OKSENATE
    90.4%101 of 1050 missed
  3. 8Jerry Moran
    Jerry Moran
    R·KSSENATE
    90.7%97 of 1046 missed
  4. 9John Barrasso
    John Barrasso
    R·WYSENATE
    90.9%95 of 1044 missed
  5. 10Bernard Sanders
    Bernard Sanders
    I·VTSENATE
    91.3%90 of 1039 missed
Show all (10)
Source: Congress.gov117th Congress
Section 2

Bills Pulse

What Congress is working on, what makes it through, and what dies on the way.

The Mortality Funnel

Only 2.0% of bills introduced in the 117th Congress have become law (365 of 17,828).

Introduced
17,828
Saw action
17,828100%
Passed a chamber
1,6649%
Passed both chambers
1,11967%
Became law
36533%
Source: Congress.gov117th Congress

Time to Pass

Median time from introduction to enactment: 295 days.

< 30 days
28
30–90 days
29
90–180 days
47
180–365 days
126
1–2 years
135
2+ years
0
Range: 1 – 721 days · 365 enacted bills
Source: Congress.gov117th Congress

Policy Area Treemap

17,828 bills across 34 policy areas.

Bills by policy area in 117th Congress (2021-2023)
Health2,276Armed Forces and National…1,398International Affairs1,391Government Operations and…1,267Taxation1,078Crime and Law Enforcement1,024Education801Transportation and Public…741Public Lands and Natural …642Congress641
Source: Congress.gov117th Congress

Most Active Bills (last 30 days)

The bills Congress keeps coming back to.

  • H.Res. 1522

    Condemning the horrific attack on November 19, 2022, at Club Q, honoring the memories of those who were murdered, and offering support to all who were impacted.

    178
    velocity
  • H.R. 9497

    International Violence Against Women Act of 2022

    174
    velocity
  • H.Res. 1525

    Condemning antisemitism by public figures.

    133
    velocity
  • H.J.Res. 102

    Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Veterans Affairs relating to "Reproductive Health Services".

    100.5
    velocity
  • H.R. 9648

    Bus Rapid Transit Act

    92.5
    velocity
  • H.R. 2252

    Emmett Till and Mamie Till-Mobley Congressional Gold Medal Act of 2021

    73.5
    velocity
  • H.Con.Res. 122

    Recognizing the significance of equal pay and the disparity in wages paid to Latina women in comparison to men.

    69
    velocity
  • S. 4587

    Benjamin Berell Ferencz Congressional Gold Medal Act

    67.5
    velocity
  • H.R. 9578

    To provide that Donald J. Trump is ineligible to again hold the Office of President of the United States or to hold any office, civil or military, under the United States.

    64.5
    velocity
  • H.R. 9640

    Presidential Tax Filings and Audit Transparency Act of 2022

    51
    velocity
Source: Congress.gov117th Congress

Most Cosponsored Bills

Which bills built the biggest coalitions.

  • H.Res. 881

    Condemning the heinous terrorist attack on Congregation Beth Israel in Colleyville, Texas, on January 15, 2022.

    367
    cosponsors
  • H.R. 5577

    To designate the facility of the United States Postal Service located at 3900 Crown Road Southwest in Atlanta, Georgia, as the "John R. Lewis Post Office Building".

    364
    cosponsors
  • H.R. 3630

    Lymphedema Treatment Act

    357
    cosponsors
  • H.R. 1085

    To award three congressional gold medals to the United States Capitol Police and those who protected the U.S. Capitol on January 6, 2021.

    335
    cosponsors
  • H.R. 1282

    Major Richard Star Act

    335
    cosponsors
  • H.R. 2748

    Israel Relations Normalization Act of 2021

    333
    cosponsors
  • H.R. 3537

    Accelerating Access to Critical Therapies for ALS Act

    331
    cosponsors
  • H.R. 5142

    To award posthumously a Congressional Gold Medal, in commemoration to the servicemembers who perished in Afghanistan on August 26, 2021, during the evacuation of citizens of the United States and Afghan allies at Hamid Karzai International Airport, and for other purposes.

    326
    cosponsors
  • H.R. 3173

    Improving Seniors’ Timely Access to Care Act of 2022

    326
    cosponsors
  • H.R. 3577

    United States Army Rangers Veterans of World War II Congressional Gold Medal Act

    320
    cosponsors
Source: Congress.gov117th Congress

Bipartisan Magnet Bills

Bills with the most balanced D/R cosponsorship.

  • 1
    H.R. 4996

    Ocean Shipping Reform Act of 2021

    D48
    R48
    100
    balance
  • 2
    S. 1872

    United States Army Rangers Veterans of World War II Congressional Gold Medal Act

    D36
    R36
    100
    balance
  • 3
    S. 1408

    A bill to posthumously award the Congressional Gold Medal, collectively, to Glen Doherty, Tyrone Woods, J. Christopher Stevens, and Sean Smith, in recognition of their contributions to the Nation.

    D34
    R34
    100
    balance
  • 4
    H.R. 1587

    Medicare Audiologist Access and Services Act of 2021

    D27
    R27
    100
    balance
  • 5
    H.R. 7693

    National Park Foundation Reauthorization Act of 2022

    D26
    R26
    100
    balance
  • 6
    H.R. 8168

    Save Our Sequoias Act

    D25
    R25
    100
    balance
  • 7
    H.Res. 1130

    Expressing support for the sovereign decision of Finland and Sweden to apply to join the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) as well as calling on all members of NATO to ratify the protocols of accession swiftly.

    D21
    R21
    100
    balance
  • 8
    S. 1300

    Promotion and Expansion of Private Employee Ownership Act of 2021

    D18
    R18
    100
    balance
  • 9
    H.R. 7975

    Great Lakes Restoration Semipostal Stamp Act of 2022

    D18
    R18
    100
    balance
  • 10
    H.R. 2454

    Protecting Access to Ground Ambulance Medical Services Act of 2021

    D15
    R15
    100
    balance
Source: Congress.gov117th Congress

Chamber Composition

Party split for the 117th Congress at the start of the session (Jan 3).

house446
house party composition
  • Democrat229
  • Republican217
senate102
senate party composition
  • Democrat49
  • Independent2
  • Republican51
Source: Congress.gov117th Congress
Section 3

Votes & Polarization

Roll-call patterns, partisan fault lines, and the moments Congress was nearly tied.

Closest Votes

Roll-call votes decided by the smallest margins.

  • 1

    On the Cloture Motion H.R. 7776

    senate·H.R. 7776·Dec 15, 2022
    0
    vote margin
    Yea 47
    47 Nay
  • 2

    On the Joint Resolution S.J.Res. 60

    senate·S.J.Res. 60·Dec 14, 2022
    0
    vote margin
    Yea 49
    49 Nay
  • 3

    On the Cloture Motion S. 4822

    senate·S. 4822·Sep 22, 2022
    0
    vote margin
    Yea 49
    49 Nay
  • 4

    On the Motion (Scott (FL) Motion to Commit H.R. 5376 to the Committee on Finance with Instructions )

    senate·H.R. 5376·Aug 7, 2022
    0
    vote margin
    Yea 50
    50 Nay
  • 5

    On the Amendment S.Amdt. 5384 to S.Amdt. 5194 to H.R. 5376 (No short title on file)

    senate·Aug 7, 2022
    0
    vote margin
    Yea 50
    50 Nay
  • 6

    On the Amendment S.Amdt. 5404 to S.Amdt. 5194 to H.R. 5376 (No short title on file)

    senate·Aug 7, 2022
    0
    vote margin
    Yea 50
    50 Nay
  • 7

    On the Motion (Collins Motion to Commit H.R. 5376 to the Committee on Finance with Instructions)

    senate·H.R. 5376·Aug 7, 2022
    0
    vote margin
    Yea 50
    50 Nay
  • 8

    On the Amendment S.Amdt. 5301 to S.Amdt. 5194 to H.R. 5376 (No short title on file)

    senate·Aug 7, 2022
    0
    vote margin
    Yea 50
    50 Nay
  • 9

    On the Amendment S.Amdt. 5409 to S.Amdt. 5194 to H.R. 5376 (No short title on file)

    senate·Aug 7, 2022
    0
    vote margin
    Yea 50
    50 Nay
  • 10

    On the Amendment S.Amdt. 5382 to S.Amdt. 5194 to H.R. 5376 (No short title on file)

    senate·Aug 7, 2022
    0
    vote margin
    Yea 50
    50 Nay
Source: Congress.gov117th Congress

Committee Power Index

Committees ranked by bills referred and bills enacted.

Source: Congress.gov117th Congress

Vote Type Breakdown

1,947 roll-call votes by category.

Votes by type in 117th Congress (2021-2023)
procedural694confirmation559amendment438passage155other42cloture36adjournment18impeachment2quorum2election1
Source: Congress.gov117th Congress

VP Tie-Breakers

Times the Vice President cast the deciding vote in the Senate.

26
Tie-breaker votes
Source: Congress.gov117th Congress

Vote Activity Calendar

1,947 roll-call votes over 298 days.

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecJan
SunTueThuSat
Source: Congress.gov117th Congress
Section 4

Find your Vote Twin

The headline interactive — answer 10 real votes, find the member who voted most like you.

Find your Vote Twin

Pick topics, answer 10 real votes, and we'll show you the member of Congress who voted most like you.

Section 5

vs. Previous Congress

117th vs. 116th Congress

Side-by-side, with directional change.

Bills introduced
17,828
vs.
16,606
+7.4%
Became law
365
vs.
344
+6.1%
Roll-call votes
1,947
vs.
1,674
+16.3%