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117th Congress (2021-2023) hub

117th Congress (2021-2023), in detail.

Every analytics panel scoped to the 117th Congress (2021-2023), plus comparisons against the 116th.

17,828
Bills introduced
365
Became law
1,947
Roll-call votes
557
Members

Productivity Index

117th Congress by the numbers: 17,828 bills introduced, 365 enacted, 1,947 roll-call votes.

17,828Bills introduced+7.4% vs. previous
365Became law+6.1% vs. previous
1,947Roll-call votes
2.0% of bills introduced this congress have become law.
Source: Congress.gov117th Congress
Section 1

Member Rankings

The named winners and losers — workhorses, mavericks, and bipartisan builders.

The Workhorse Index

Members ranked by primary-sponsored bills.

  1. 1Marco Rubio
    Marco Rubio
    R·FLSENATE
    218bills
  2. 2Amy Klobuchar
    Amy Klobuchar
    D·MNSENATE
    181bills
  3. 3Robert Menendez
    Robert Menendez
    D·NJSENATE
    157bills
  4. 4Mike Lee
    Mike Lee
    R·UTSENATE
    137bills
  5. 5Eleanor Holmes Norton
    132bills
  1. 6Robert P. Casey Jr.
    130bills
  2. 7Edward J. Markey
    Edward J. Markey
    D·MASENATE
    129bills
  3. 8Cory A. Booker
    Cory A. Booker
    D·NJSENATE
    125bills
  4. 9Richard J. Durbin
    119bills
  5. 10Catherine Cortez Masto
    116bills
Show all (10)
Source: Congress.gov117th Congress

Cosponsor Kings

Members who sign onto the most bills.

  1. 1Eleanor Holmes Norton
    1,917cosponsorships
  2. 2Brian K. Fitzpatrick
    1,334cosponsorships
  3. 3Steve Cohen
    Steve Cohen
    D·TN-9HOUSE
    1,103cosponsorships
  4. 4André Carson
    André Carson
    D·IN-7HOUSE
    1,080cosponsorships
  5. 5Barbara Lee
    Barbara Lee
    D·CA-13HOUSE
    1,036cosponsorships
  1. 6Raúl M. Grijalva
    Raúl M. Grijalva
    D·AZ-3HOUSE
    993cosponsorships
  2. 7Janice D. Schakowsky
    991cosponsorships
  3. 8Dina Titus
    Dina Titus
    D·NV-1HOUSE
    983cosponsorships
  4. 9Earl Blumenauer
    Earl Blumenauer
    D·OR-3HOUSE
    968cosponsorships
  5. 10Jahana Hayes
    Jahana Hayes
    D·CT-5HOUSE
    906cosponsorships
Show all (10)
Source: Congress.gov117th Congress

The Maverick Meter

Members who vote against their party's majority position most often.

  1. 1Susan M. Collins
    Susan M. Collins
    R·MESENATE
    53%499 of 948
  2. 2Lisa Murkowski
    Lisa Murkowski
    R·AKSENATE
    45%400 of 883
  3. 3Lindsey Graham
    Lindsey Graham
    R·SCSENATE
    36%315 of 865
  4. 4Thomas Massie
    Thomas Massie
    R·KY-4HOUSE
    35%331 of 956
  5. 5Chip Roy
    Chip Roy
    R·TX-21HOUSE
    34%316 of 938
  1. 6Andy Biggs
    Andy Biggs
    R·AZ-5HOUSE
    30%297 of 983
  2. 7Marjorie Taylor Greene
    30%289 of 975
  3. 8Ralph Norman
    Ralph Norman
    R·SC-5HOUSE
    27%256 of 953
  4. 9Rob Portman
    Rob Portman
    R·OHSENATE
    26%239 of 909
  5. 10Lauren Boebert
    Lauren Boebert
    R·CO-4HOUSE
    25%244 of 970
Show all (10)
Source: Congress.gov117th Congress

Bipartisan Builders

Cosponsorships of bills sponsored by the opposite party.

  1. 1Brian K. Fitzpatrick
    1,064cross-party cosponsorships
  2. 2Angus S. King Jr.
    487cross-party cosponsorships
  3. 3Bernard Sanders
    Bernard Sanders
    I·VTSENATE
    455cross-party cosponsorships
  4. 4Don Bacon
    Don Bacon
    R·NE-2HOUSE
    421cross-party cosponsorships
  5. 5Susan M. Collins
    Susan M. Collins
    R·MESENATE
    367cross-party cosponsorships
  1. 6John Katko
    John Katko
    R·NY-24HOUSE
    294cross-party cosponsorships
  2. 7Jefferson Van Drew
    Jefferson Van Drew
    R·NJ-2HOUSE
    264cross-party cosponsorships
  3. 8David B. McKinley
    David B. McKinley
    R·WV-1HOUSE
    243cross-party cosponsorships
  4. 9Maria Elvira Salazar
    240cross-party cosponsorships
  5. 10Josh Gottheimer
    Josh Gottheimer
    D·NJ-5HOUSE
    234cross-party cosponsorships
Show all (10)
Source: Congress.gov117th Congress

Freshman Power Rankings

First-term members of the 117th Congress, ranked by composite activity.

  1. 1Nikema Williams
    Nikema Williams
    D·GA-5HOUSE
    1,038composite score
  2. 2Alex Padilla
    Alex Padilla
    D·CASENATE
    923composite score
  3. 3Mondaire Jones
    Mondaire Jones
    D·NY-17HOUSE
    856composite score
  4. 4Maria Elvira Salazar
    826composite score
  5. 5Mariannette Miller-Meeks
    824composite score
  1. 6Deborah K. Ross
    Deborah K. Ross
    D·NC-2HOUSE
    771composite score
  2. 7Andrew R. Garbarino
    754composite score
  3. 8Marie Newman
    Marie Newman
    D·IL-3HOUSE
    749composite score
  4. 9Raphael G. Warnock
    743composite score
  5. 10Young Kim
    Young Kim
    R·CA-39HOUSE
    699composite score
Show all (10)
Source: Congress.gov117th Congress

Closest Re-elections

Members whose last election was decided by the smallest margins.

  1. 1Mariannette Miller-Meeks
    0pt margin
  2. 2Mike Garcia
    Mike Garcia
    R·CA-25HOUSE
    0.1pt margin
  3. 3David G. Valadao
    David G. Valadao
    R·CA-21HOUSE
    0.89pt margin
  4. 4Burgess Owens
    Burgess Owens
    R·UT-4HOUSE
    1pt margin
  5. 5Young Kim
    Young Kim
    R·CA-39HOUSE
    1.2pt margin
  1. 6Tom Malinowski
    Tom Malinowski
    D·NJ-7HOUSE
    1.22pt margin
  2. 7Jon Ossoff
    Jon Ossoff
    D·GASENATE
    1.23pt margin
  3. 8Nancy Mace
    Nancy Mace
    R·SC-1HOUSE
    1.27pt margin
  4. 9Beth Van Duyne
    Beth Van Duyne
    R·TX-24HOUSE
    1.33pt margin
  5. 10Lauren Underwood
    Lauren Underwood
    D·IL-14HOUSE
    1.34pt margin
Show all (10)
117th Congress

Attendance Hall of Fame & Hall of Shame

Who showed up — and who didn't.

Hall of Fame · best 5

  1. 1Mike Flood
    Mike Flood
    R·NE-1HOUSE
    100.0%249 of 249
  2. 2Joseph Sempolinski
    Joseph Sempolinski
    R·NY-23HOUSE
    100.0%129 of 129
  3. 3Shontel M. Brown
    Shontel M. Brown
    D·OH-11HOUSE
    100.0%639 of 639
  4. 4Patrick Ryan
    Patrick Ryan
    D·NY-18HOUSE
    100.0%129 of 129
  5. 5Rudy Yakym III
    Rudy Yakym III
    R·IN-2HOUSE
    100.0%72 of 72
  1. 6Mayra Flores
    Mayra Flores
    R·TX-34HOUSE
    100.0%272 of 272
  2. 7Chuck Grassley
    Chuck Grassley
    R·IASENATE
    100.0%949 of 949
  3. 8Mike Levin
    Mike Levin
    D·CA-49HOUSE
    99.9%998 of 999
  4. 9Charles J. "Chuck" Fleischmann
    99.9%998 of 999
  5. 10Robert E. Latta
    Robert E. Latta
    R·OH-5HOUSE
    99.9%998 of 999
Show all (10)

Hall of Shame · worst 5

  1. 1Aumua Amata Coleman Radewagen
    50.0%14 of 28 missed
  2. 2Ron Wright
    Ron Wright
    R·TX-6HOUSE
    66.0%16 of 47 missed
  3. 3Adam Kinzinger
    Adam Kinzinger
    R·IL-16HOUSE
    73.5%360 of 1358 missed
  4. 4Mike Rounds
    Mike Rounds
    R·SDSENATE
    82.2%206 of 1155 missed
  5. 5Marcia L. Fudge
    Marcia L. Fudge
    D·OH-11HOUSE
    82.8%15 of 87 missed
  1. 6Kevin Brady
    Kevin Brady
    R·TX-8HOUSE
    83.2%202 of 1200 missed
  2. 7Liz Cheney
    Liz Cheney
    R·WYHOUSE
    83.7%195 of 1193 missed
  3. 8Richard Burr
    Richard Burr
    R·NCSENATE
    87.7%133 of 1082 missed
  4. 9John A. Yarmuth
    John A. Yarmuth
    D·KY-3HOUSE
    87.8%139 of 1137 missed
  5. 10Kevin Cramer
    Kevin Cramer
    R·NDSENATE
    88.6%122 of 1071 missed
Show all (10)
Source: Congress.gov117th Congress
Section 2

Bills Pulse

What Congress is working on, what makes it through, and what dies on the way.

The Mortality Funnel

Only 2.0% of bills introduced in the 117th Congress have become law (365 of 17,828).

Introduced
17,828
Saw action
17,828100%
Passed a chamber
1,6649%
Passed both chambers
1,11967%
Became law
36533%
Source: Congress.gov117th Congress

Time to Pass

Median time from introduction to enactment: 295 days.

< 30 days
28
30–90 days
29
90–180 days
47
180–365 days
126
1–2 years
135
2+ years
0
Range: 1 – 721 days · 365 enacted bills
Source: Congress.gov117th Congress

Policy Area Treemap

17,828 bills across 34 policy areas.

Bills by policy area in 117th Congress (2021-2023)
Health2,276Armed Forces and National…1,398International Affairs1,391Government Operations and…1,267Taxation1,078Crime and Law Enforcement1,024Education801Transportation and Public…741Public Lands and Natural …642Congress641
Source: Congress.gov117th Congress

Most Active Bills (last 30 days)

The bills Congress keeps coming back to.

  • H.Res. 1522

    Condemning the horrific attack on November 19, 2022, at Club Q, honoring the memories of those who were murdered, and offering support to all who were impacted.

    178
    velocity
  • H.R. 9497

    International Violence Against Women Act of 2022

    174
    velocity
  • H.Res. 1525

    Condemning antisemitism by public figures.

    133
    velocity
  • H.J.Res. 102

    Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Veterans Affairs relating to "Reproductive Health Services".

    100.5
    velocity
  • H.R. 9648

    Bus Rapid Transit Act

    92.5
    velocity
  • H.R. 2252

    Emmett Till and Mamie Till-Mobley Congressional Gold Medal Act of 2021

    73.5
    velocity
  • H.Con.Res. 122

    Recognizing the significance of equal pay and the disparity in wages paid to Latina women in comparison to men.

    69
    velocity
  • S. 4587

    Benjamin Berell Ferencz Congressional Gold Medal Act

    67.5
    velocity
  • H.R. 9578

    To provide that Donald J. Trump is ineligible to again hold the Office of President of the United States or to hold any office, civil or military, under the United States.

    64.5
    velocity
  • H.R. 9640

    Presidential Tax Filings and Audit Transparency Act of 2022

    51
    velocity
Source: Congress.gov117th Congress

Most Cosponsored Bills

Which bills built the biggest coalitions.

  • H.Res. 881

    Condemning the heinous terrorist attack on Congregation Beth Israel in Colleyville, Texas, on January 15, 2022.

    367
    cosponsors
  • H.R. 5577

    To designate the facility of the United States Postal Service located at 3900 Crown Road Southwest in Atlanta, Georgia, as the "John R. Lewis Post Office Building".

    364
    cosponsors
  • H.R. 3630

    Lymphedema Treatment Act

    357
    cosponsors
  • H.R. 1085

    To award three congressional gold medals to the United States Capitol Police and those who protected the U.S. Capitol on January 6, 2021.

    335
    cosponsors
  • H.R. 1282

    Major Richard Star Act

    335
    cosponsors
  • H.R. 2748

    Israel Relations Normalization Act of 2021

    333
    cosponsors
  • H.R. 3537

    Accelerating Access to Critical Therapies for ALS Act

    331
    cosponsors
  • H.R. 5142

    To award posthumously a Congressional Gold Medal, in commemoration to the servicemembers who perished in Afghanistan on August 26, 2021, during the evacuation of citizens of the United States and Afghan allies at Hamid Karzai International Airport, and for other purposes.

    326
    cosponsors
  • H.R. 3173

    Improving Seniors’ Timely Access to Care Act of 2022

    326
    cosponsors
  • H.R. 3577

    United States Army Rangers Veterans of World War II Congressional Gold Medal Act

    320
    cosponsors
Source: Congress.gov117th Congress

Bipartisan Magnet Bills

Bills with the most balanced D/R cosponsorship.

  • 1
    H.R. 4996

    Ocean Shipping Reform Act of 2021

    D48
    R48
    100
    balance
  • 2
    S. 1872

    United States Army Rangers Veterans of World War II Congressional Gold Medal Act

    D36
    R36
    100
    balance
  • 3
    S. 1408

    A bill to posthumously award the Congressional Gold Medal, collectively, to Glen Doherty, Tyrone Woods, J. Christopher Stevens, and Sean Smith, in recognition of their contributions to the Nation.

    D34
    R34
    100
    balance
  • 4
    H.R. 1587

    Medicare Audiologist Access and Services Act of 2021

    D27
    R27
    100
    balance
  • 5
    H.R. 7693

    National Park Foundation Reauthorization Act of 2022

    D26
    R26
    100
    balance
  • 6
    H.R. 8168

    Save Our Sequoias Act

    D25
    R25
    100
    balance
  • 7
    H.Res. 1130

    Expressing support for the sovereign decision of Finland and Sweden to apply to join the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) as well as calling on all members of NATO to ratify the protocols of accession swiftly.

    D21
    R21
    100
    balance
  • 8
    S. 1300

    Promotion and Expansion of Private Employee Ownership Act of 2021

    D18
    R18
    100
    balance
  • 9
    H.R. 7975

    Great Lakes Restoration Semipostal Stamp Act of 2022

    D18
    R18
    100
    balance
  • 10
    H.R. 2454

    Protecting Access to Ground Ambulance Medical Services Act of 2021

    D15
    R15
    100
    balance
Source: Congress.gov117th Congress

Chamber Composition

Party split for the 117th Congress at the start of the session (Jan 3).

house446
house party composition
  • Democrat229
  • Republican217
senate102
senate party composition
  • Democrat49
  • Independent2
  • Republican51
Source: Congress.gov117th Congress
Section 3

Votes & Polarization

Roll-call patterns, partisan fault lines, and the moments Congress was nearly tied.

Closest Votes

Roll-call votes decided by the smallest margins.

  • 1

    On the Cloture Motion H.R. 7776

    senate·H.R. 7776·Dec 15, 2022
    0
    vote margin
    Yea 47
    47 Nay
  • 2

    On the Joint Resolution S.J.Res. 60

    senate·S.J.Res. 60·Dec 14, 2022
    0
    vote margin
    Yea 49
    49 Nay
  • 3

    On the Cloture Motion S. 4822

    senate·S. 4822·Sep 22, 2022
    0
    vote margin
    Yea 49
    49 Nay
  • 4

    On the Motion (Scott (FL) Motion to Commit H.R. 5376 to the Committee on Finance with Instructions )

    senate·H.R. 5376·Aug 7, 2022
    0
    vote margin
    Yea 50
    50 Nay
  • 5

    On the Amendment S.Amdt. 5384 to S.Amdt. 5194 to H.R. 5376 (No short title on file)

    senate·Aug 7, 2022
    0
    vote margin
    Yea 50
    50 Nay
  • 6

    On the Amendment S.Amdt. 5404 to S.Amdt. 5194 to H.R. 5376 (No short title on file)

    senate·Aug 7, 2022
    0
    vote margin
    Yea 50
    50 Nay
  • 7

    On the Motion (Collins Motion to Commit H.R. 5376 to the Committee on Finance with Instructions)

    senate·H.R. 5376·Aug 7, 2022
    0
    vote margin
    Yea 50
    50 Nay
  • 8

    On the Amendment S.Amdt. 5301 to S.Amdt. 5194 to H.R. 5376 (No short title on file)

    senate·Aug 7, 2022
    0
    vote margin
    Yea 50
    50 Nay
  • 9

    On the Amendment S.Amdt. 5409 to S.Amdt. 5194 to H.R. 5376 (No short title on file)

    senate·Aug 7, 2022
    0
    vote margin
    Yea 50
    50 Nay
  • 10

    On the Amendment S.Amdt. 5382 to S.Amdt. 5194 to H.R. 5376 (No short title on file)

    senate·Aug 7, 2022
    0
    vote margin
    Yea 50
    50 Nay
Source: Congress.gov117th Congress

Committee Power Index

Committees ranked by bills referred and bills enacted.

Source: Congress.gov117th Congress

Vote Type Breakdown

1,947 roll-call votes by category.

Votes by type in 117th Congress (2021-2023)
procedural694confirmation559amendment438passage155other42cloture36adjournment18impeachment2quorum2election1
Source: Congress.gov117th Congress

VP Tie-Breakers

Times the Vice President cast the deciding vote in the Senate.

26
Tie-breaker votes
Source: Congress.gov117th Congress

Vote Activity Calendar

1,947 roll-call votes over 298 days.

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecJan
SunTueThuSat
Source: Congress.gov117th Congress
Section 4

Find your Vote Twin

The headline interactive — answer 10 real votes, find the member who voted most like you.

Find your Vote Twin

Pick topics, answer 10 real votes, and we'll show you the member of Congress who voted most like you.

Section 5

vs. Previous Congress

117th vs. 116th Congress

Side-by-side, with directional change.

Bills introduced
17,828
vs.
16,606
+7.4%
Became law
365
vs.
344
+6.1%
Roll-call votes
1,947
vs.
1,674
+16.3%