Mr. Speaker, pursuant to clause 2(a)1 of rule IX, I rise to give notice of my intent to raise a question of the privilege of the House. The form of the resolution is as follows: Resolved, That Richard B. Cheney, Vice President of the…
Mr. Speaker, pursuant to clause 2(a)1 of rule IX, I rise to give notice of my intent to raise a question of the privilege of the House.
The form of the resolution is as follows:
Resolved, That Richard B. Cheney, Vice President of the
United States, is impeached for high crimes and misdemeanors,
and that the following articles of impeachment be exhibited
to the United States Senate:
Articles of impeachment exhibited by the House of
Representatives of the United States of America in the name
of itself and of the people of the United States of America,
against Richard B. Cheney, Vice President of the United
States of America, in maintenance and support of its
impeachment against him for high crimes and misdemeanors.
Article I
In his conduct while Vice President of the United States,
Richard B. Cheney, in violation of his constitutional oath to
faithfully execute the office of Vice President of the United
States and, to the best of his ability, preserve, protect,
and defend the Constitution of the United States, and in
violation of his constitutional duty to take care that the
laws be faithfully executed, has purposely manipulated the
intelligence process to deceive the citizens and Congress of
the United States by fabricating a threat of Iraqi weapons of
mass destruction to justify the use of the United States
Armed Forces against the nation of Iraq in a manner damaging
to our national security interests, to wit:
(1) Despite all evidence to the contrary, the Vice
President actively and systematically sought to deceive the
citizens and Congress of the United States about an alleged
threat of Iraqi weapons of mass destruction:
(A) `We know they have biological and chemical weapons.'
March 17, 2002, Press Conference by Vice President Dick
Cheney and His Highness Salman bin Hamad Al Khalifa, Crown
Prince of Bahrain at Shaikh Hamad Palace.
(B) `. . . and we know they are pursuing nuclear weapons.'
March 19, 2002, Press Briefing by Vice President Dick Cheney
and Israeli Prime Minister Ariel Sharon in Jerusalem.
(C) `And he is actively pursuing nuclear weapons at this
time . . .' March 24, 2002, CNN Late Edition interview with
Vice President Cheney.
(D) `We know he's got chemicals and biological and we know
he's working on nuclear.' May 19, 2002, NBC Meet the Press
interview with Vice President Cheney.
(E) `But we now know that Saddam has resumed his efforts to
acquire nuclear weapons . . . Simply stated, there is no
doubt that Saddam Hussein now has weapons of mass
destruction. There is no doubt that he is amassing them to
use against our friends, against our allies, and against us.'
August 26, 2002, Speech of Vice President Cheney at VFW 103rd
National Convention.
(F) `Based on intelligence that's becoming available, some
of it has been made public, more of it hopefully will be,
that he has indeed stepped up his capacity to produce and
deliver biological weapons, that he has reconstituted his
nuclear program to develop a nuclear weapon, that there are
efforts under way inside Iraq to significantly expand his
capability.' September 8, 2002, NBC Meet the Press interview
with Vice President Cheney.
(G) `He is, in fact, actively and aggressively seeking to
acquire nuclear weapons.' September 8, 2002, NBC Meet the
Press interview with Vice President Cheney.
(H) `And we believe he has, in fact, reconstituted nuclear
weapons.' March 16, 2003, NBC Meet the Press interview with
Vice President Cheney.
(2) Preceding the March 2003 invasion of Iraq the Vice
President was fully informed that no legitimate evidence
existed of weapons of mass destruction in Iraq. The Vice
President pressured the intelligence community to change
their findings to enable the deception of the citizens and
Congress of the United States.
(A) Vice President Cheney and his Chief of Staff, Lewis
Libby, made multiple trips to the CIA in 2002 to question
analysts studying Iraq's weapons programs and alleged links
to al Qaeda, creating an environment in which analysts felt
they were being pressured to make their assessments fit with
the Bush administration's policy objectives accounts.
(B) Vice President Cheney sought out unverified and
ultimately inaccurate raw intelligence to prove his
preconceived beliefs. This strategy of cherry picking was
employed to influence the interpretation of the intelligence.
(3) The Vice President's actions corrupted or attempted to
corrupt the 2002 National Intelligence Estimate, an
intelligence document issued on October 1, 2002, and
carefully considered by Congress prior to the October 10,
2002, vote to authorize the use of force. The Vice
President's actions prevented the necessary reconciliation of
facts for the National Intelligence Estimate which resulted
in a high number of dissenting opinions from technical
experts in two Federal agencies.
(A) The State Department's Bureau of Intelligence and
Research dissenting view in the October 2002 National
Intelligence Estimate stated `Lacking persuasive evidence
that Baghdad has launched a coherent effort to reconstitute
it's nuclear weapons program INR is unwilling to speculate
that such an effort began soon after the departure of UN
inspectors or to project a timeline for the completion of
activities it does not now see happening. As a result INR is
unable to predict that Iraq could acquire a nuclear device or
weapon.'.
(B) The State Department's Bureau of Intelligence and
Research dissenting view in the October 2002 National
Intelligence Estimate also stated that `Finally, the claims
of Iraqi pursuit of natural uranium in Africa are, in INR's
assessment, highly dubious.'.
(C) The State Department's Bureau of Intelligence and
Research dissenting view in the October 2002 National
Intelligence Estimate references a Department of Energy
opinion by stating that `INR accepts the judgment of
technical experts at the US Department of Energy (DOE) who
have concluded that the tubes Iraq seeks to acquire are
poorly suited for use in gas centrifuges to be used for
uranium enrichment and finds unpersuasive the arguments
advanced by others to make the case that they are intended
for that purpose.'.
The Vice President subverted the national security
interests of the United States by setting the stage for the
loss of more than 3800 United States service members; the
loss of more than 1 million innocent Iraqi citizens since the
United States invasion; the loss of approximately $500
billion in war costs which has increased our Federal debt;
the loss of military readiness within the United States Armed
Services due to overextension, lack of training and lack of
equipment; the loss of United States credibility in world
affairs; and the decades of likely blowback created by the
invasion of Iraq.
In all of this, Vice President Richard B. Cheney has acted
in a manner contrary to his trust as Vice President, and
subversive of constitutional government, to the prejudice of
the cause of law and justice and the manifest injury of the
people of the United States. Wherefore, Vice President
Richard B. Cheney, by such conduct, is guilty of an
impeachable offense warranting removal from office.
Article II
In his conduct while Vice President of the United States,
Richard B. Cheney, in violation of his constitutional oath to
faithfully execute the office of Vice President of the United
States and, to the best of his ability, preserve, protect,
and defend the Constitution of the United States, and in
violation of his constitutional duty to take care that the
laws be faithfully executed, purposely manipulated the
intelligence process to deceive the citizens and Congress of
the United States about an alleged relationship between Iraq
and al Qaeda in order to justify the use of the United States
Armed Forces against the nation of Iraq in a manner damaging
to our national security interests, to wit:
(1) Despite all evidence to the contrary, the Vice
President actively and systematically sought to deceive the
citizens and the Congress of the United States about an
alleged relationship between Iraq and al Qaeda:
(A) `His regime has had high-level contacts with Al Qaeda
going back a decade and has provided training to Al Qaeda
terrorists.' December 2, 2002, Speech of Vice President
Cheney at the Air National Guard Senior Leadership
Conference.
(B) `His regime aids and protects terrorists, including
members of Al Qaeda. He could decide secretly to provide
weapons of mass destruction to terrorists for use against
us.' January 30, 2003, Speech of Vice President Cheney to
30th Political Action Conference in Arlington, Virginia.
(C) `We know he's out trying once again to produce nuclear
weapons and we know that he has a long-standing relationship
with various terrorist groups, including the Al Qaeda
organization.' March 16, 2003, NBC Meet the Press interview
with Vice President Cheney.
(D) `We learned more and more that there was a relationship
between Iraq and Al Qaeda that stretched back through most of
the decade of the '90s, that it involved training, for
example, on biological weapons and chemical weapons . . .'
September 14, 2003, NBC Meet the Press interview with Vice
President Cheney.
(E) `Al Qaeda had a base of operation there up in
Northeastern Iraq where they ran a large poisons factory for
attacks against Europeans and U.S. forces.' October 3, 2003,
Speech of Vice President Cheney at Bush-Cheney '04 Fundraiser
in Iowa.
(F) `He also had an established relationship with Al Qaeda
providing training to Al Qaeda members in areas of poisons,
gases, and conventional bombs.' October 10, 2003, Speech of
Vice President Cheney to the Heritage Foundation.
(G) `Al Qaeda and the Iraqi intelligence services have
worked together on a number of occasions.' January 9, 2004,
Rocky Mountain News interview with Vice President Cheney.
(H) `I think there's overwhelming evidence that there was a
connection between Al Qaeda and the Iraqi government.'
January 22, 2004, NPR: Morning Edition interview with Vice
President Cheney.
(I) `First of all, on the question of--of whether or not
there was any kind of relationship, there clearly was a
relationship. It's been testified to; the evidence is
overwhelming.' June 17, 2004, CNBC: Capital Report interview
with Vice President Cheney.
(2) Preceding the March 2003 invasion of Iraq the Vice
President was fully informed that no credible evidence
existed of a working relationship between Iraq and al Qaeda,
a fact articulated in several official documents, including:
(A) A classified Presidential Daily Briefing ten days after
the September 11, 2001, attacks indicating that the United
States intelligence community had no evidence linking Saddam
Hussein to the September 11th attacks and that there was
`scant credible evidence that Iraq had any significant
collaborative ties with Al Qaeda'.
(B) Defense Intelligence Terrorism Summary No. 044-02,
issued in February 2002 by the United States Defense
Intelligence Agency, which challenged the credibility of
information gleaned from captured al Qaeda leader al-Libi.
The DIA report also cast significant doubt on the possibility
of a Saddam Hussein-al-Qaeda conspiracy: `Saddam's regime is
intensely secular and is wary of Islamic revolutionary
movements. Moreover, Baghdad is unlikely to provide
assistance to a group it cannot control.'.
(C) A January 2003 British intelligence classified report
on Iraq that concluded that `there are no current links
between the Iraqi regime and the al-Qaeda network'.
The Vice President subverted the national security
interests of the United States by setting the stage for the
loss of more than 3,800 United States service members; the
loss of more than 1 million innocent Iraqi citizens since the
United States invasion; the loss of approximately $500
billion in war costs which has increased our Federal debt;
the loss of military readiness within the United States Armed
Services due to overextension, lack of training and lack of
equipment; the loss of United States credibility in world
affairs; and the decades of likely blowback created by the
invasion of Iraq.
In all of this, Vice President Richard B. Cheney has acted
in a manner contrary to his trust as Vice President, and
subversive of constitutional government, to the prejudice of
the cause of law and justice and the manifest injury of the
people of the United States. Wherefore, Vice President
Richard B. Cheney, by such conduct, is guilty of an
impeachable offense warranting removal from office.
Article III
In his conduct while Vice President of the United States,
Richard B. Cheney, in violation of his constitutional oath to
faithfully execute the office of Vice President of the United
States and, to the best of his ability, preserve, protect,
and defend the Constitution of the United States, and in
violation of his constitutional duty to take care that the
laws be faithfully executed, has openly threatened aggression
against the Republic of Iran absent any real threat to the
United States, and done so with the United States proven
capability to carry out such threats, thus undermining the
national security of the United States, to wit:
(1) Despite no evidence that Iran has the intention or the
capability of attacking the United States and despite the
turmoil created by United States invasion of Iraq, the Vice
President has openly threatened aggression against Iran as
evidenced by the following:
(A) `For our part, the United States is keeping all options
on the table in addressing the irresponsible conduct of the
regime. And we join other nations in sending that regime a
clear message: We will not allow Iran to have a nuclear
weapon.' March 7, 2006, Speech of Vice President Cheney to
American Israel Public Affairs Committee 2006 Policy
Conference.
(B) `But we've also made it clear that all options are on
the table.' January 24, 2007, CNN Situation Room interview
with Vice President Cheney.
(C) `When we--as the President did, for example, recently--
deploy another aircraft carrier task force to the Gulf, that
sends a very strong signal to everybody in the region that
the United States is here to stay, that we clearly have
significant capabilities, and that we are working with
friends and allies as well as the international organizations
to deal with the Iranian threat.' January 29, 2007, Newsweek
interview with Vice President Cheney.
(D) `But I've also made the point and the President has
made the point that all options are still on the table.'
February 24, 2007, Vice President Cheney at Press Briefing
with Australian Prime Minister in Sydney, Australia.
(2) The Vice President, who repeatedly and falsely claimed
to have had specific, detailed knowledge of Iraq's alleged
weapons of mass destruction capabilities, is no doubt fully
aware of evidence that demonstrates Iran poses no real threat
to the United States as evidenced by the following:
(A) `I know that what we see in Iran right now is not the
industrial capacity you can [use to develop a] bomb.' Mohamed
ElBaradei, Director General of International Atomic Energy
Agency, February 19, 2007.
(B) Iran indicated its `full readiness and willingness to
negotiate on the modality for the resolution of the
outstanding issues with the IAEA, subject to the assurances
for dealing with the issues in the framework of the Agency,
without the interference of the United Nations Security
Council'. IAEA Board Report, February 22, 2007.
(C) `. . . so whatever they have, what we have seen today,
is not the kind of capacity that would enable them to make
bombs.' Mohamed El Baradei, Director General of International
Atomic Energy Agency, February 19, 2007.
(3) The Vice President is fully aware of the actions taken
by the United States towards Iran that are further
destabilizing the world as evidenced by the following:
(A) The United States has refused to engage in meaningful
diplomatic relations with Iran since 2002, rebuffing both
bilateral and multilateral offers to dialogue.
(B) The United States is currently engaged in a military
buildup in the Middle East that includes the increased
presence of the United States Navy in the waters near Iran,
significant United States Armed Forces in two nations
neighboring to Iran, and the installation of anti-missile
technology in the region.
(C) News accounts have indicated that military planners
have considered the B61-11, a tactical nuclear weapon, as one
of the options to strike underground bunkers in Iran.
(D) The United States has been linked to anti-Iranian
organizations that are attempting to destabilize the Iranian
government, in particular the Mujahideen-e Khalq (MEK), even
though the state department has branded it a terrorist
organization.
(E) News accounts indicate that United States troops have
been ordered into Iran to collect data and establish contact
with anti-government groups.
(4) In the last three years the Vice President has
repeatedly threatened Iran. However, the Vice President is
legally bound by the U.S. Constitution's adherence to
international law that prohibits threats of use of force.
(A) Article VI of the United States Constitution states,
`This Constitution, and the Laws of the United States which
shall be made in Pursuance thereof; and all Treaties made, or
which shall be made, under the Authority of the United
States, shall be the supreme Law of the Land.' Any provision
of an international treaty ratified by the United States
becomes the law of the United States.
(B) The United States is a signatory to the United Nations
Charter, a treaty among the nations of the world. Article II,
Section 4 of the United Nations Charter states, `All Members
shall refrain in their international relations from the
threat or use of force against the territorial integrity or
political independence of any state, or in any other manner
inconsistent with the Purposes of the United Nations.' The
threat of force is illegal.
(C) Article 51 lays out the only exception, `Nothing in the
present Charter shall impair the inherent right of individual
or collective self-defense if an armed attack occurs against
a Member of the United Nations, until the Security Council
has taken measures necessary to maintain international peace
and security.' Iran has not attacked the United States;
therefore any threat against Iran by the United States is
illegal.
The Vice President's deception upon the citizens and
Congress of the United States that enabled the failed United
States invasion of Iraq forcibly altered the rules of
diplomacy such that the Vice President's recent belligerent
actions towards Iran are destabilizing and counterproductive
to the national security of the United States.
In all of this, Vice President Richard B. Cheney has acted
in a manner contrary to
his trust as Vice President, and subversive of constitutional
government, to the prejudice of the cause of law and justice
and the manifest injury of the people of the United States.
Wherefore Richard B. Cheney, by such conduct, warrants
impeachment and trial, and removal from office.