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118th Congress (2023-2025) hub

118th Congress (2023-2025), in detail.

Every analytics panel scoped to the 118th Congress (2023-2025), plus comparisons against the 117th.

19,315
Bills introduced
274
Became law
1,932
Roll-call votes
554
Members

Productivity Index

118th Congress by the numbers: 19,315 bills introduced, 274 enacted, 1,932 roll-call votes.

19,315Bills introduced+8.3% vs. previous
274Became law-24.9% vs. previous
1,932Roll-call votes
1.4% of bills introduced this congress have become law.
Source: Congress.gov118th Congress
Section 1

Member Rankings

The named winners and losers — workhorses, mavericks, and bipartisan builders.

The Workhorse Index

Members ranked by primary-sponsored bills.

  1. 1Andy Biggs
    Andy Biggs
    R·AZ-5HOUSE
    612bills
  2. 2Adam B. Schiff
    Adam B. Schiff
    D·CASENATE
    284bills
  3. 3Marco Rubio
    Marco Rubio
    R·FLSENATE
    270bills
  4. 4Gary C. Peters
    Gary C. Peters
    D·MISENATE
    164bills
  5. 5Cory A. Booker
    Cory A. Booker
    D·NJSENATE
    156bills
  1. 6Robert P. Casey Jr.
    154bills
  2. 7Amy Klobuchar
    Amy Klobuchar
    D·MNSENATE
    153bills
  3. 8Mike Braun
    Mike Braun
    R·INSENATE
    150bills
  4. 9Edward J. Markey
    Edward J. Markey
    D·MASENATE
    143bills
  5. 10Ted Cruz
    Ted Cruz
    R·TXSENATE
    142bills
Show all (10)
Source: Congress.gov118th Congress

Cosponsor Kings

Members who sign onto the most bills.

  1. 1Eleanor Holmes Norton
    1,968cosponsorships
  2. 2Adam B. Schiff
    Adam B. Schiff
    D·CASENATE
    1,392cosponsorships
  3. 3Brian K. Fitzpatrick
    1,293cosponsorships
  4. 4Michael Lawler
    Michael Lawler
    R·NY-17HOUSE
    1,261cosponsorships
  5. 5Andy Kim
    Andy Kim
    D·NJSENATE
    1,142cosponsorships
  1. 6Josh Gottheimer
    Josh Gottheimer
    D·NJ-5HOUSE
    1,092cosponsorships
  2. 7Jill N. Tokuda
    Jill N. Tokuda
    D·HI-2HOUSE
    1,077cosponsorships
  3. 8Barbara Lee
    Barbara Lee
    D·CA-12HOUSE
    1,053cosponsorships
  4. 9Raúl M. Grijalva
    Raúl M. Grijalva
    D·AZ-7HOUSE
    988cosponsorships
  5. 10David J. Trone
    David J. Trone
    D·MD-6HOUSE
    978cosponsorships
Show all (10)
Source: Congress.gov118th Congress

The Maverick Meter

Members who vote against their party's majority position most often.

  1. 1Susan M. Collins
    Susan M. Collins
    R·MESENATE
    46%320 of 691
  2. 2Lisa Murkowski
    Lisa Murkowski
    R·AKSENATE
    45%297 of 666
  3. 3Jenniffer González-Colón
    40%154 of 383
  4. 4Lindsey Graham
    Lindsey Graham
    R·SCSENATE
    31%201 of 655
  5. 5Brian K. Fitzpatrick
    29%348 of 1214
  1. 6Aumua Amata Coleman Radewagen
    27%56 of 208
  2. 7Thomas Massie
    Thomas Massie
    R·KY-4HOUSE
    24%268 of 1106
  3. 8Andy Biggs
    Andy Biggs
    R·AZ-5HOUSE
    20%246 of 1203
  4. 9Matthew M. Rosendale, Sr.
    20%244 of 1208
  5. 10James C. Moylan
    James C. Moylan
    R·GUHOUSE
    20%70 of 347
Show all (10)
Source: Congress.gov118th Congress

Bipartisan Builders

Cosponsorships of bills sponsored by the opposite party.

  1. 1Brian K. Fitzpatrick
    831cross-party cosponsorships
  2. 2Donald G. Davis
    Donald G. Davis
    D·NC-1HOUSE
    508cross-party cosponsorships
  3. 3Bernard Sanders
    Bernard Sanders
    I·VTSENATE
    494cross-party cosponsorships
  4. 4Angus S. King Jr.
    486cross-party cosponsorships
  5. 5Michael Lawler
    Michael Lawler
    R·NY-17HOUSE
    461cross-party cosponsorships
  1. 6Josh Gottheimer
    Josh Gottheimer
    D·NJ-5HOUSE
    436cross-party cosponsorships
  2. 7Don Bacon
    Don Bacon
    R·NE-2HOUSE
    336cross-party cosponsorships
  3. 8Marcus J. Molinaro
    Marcus J. Molinaro
    R·NY-19HOUSE
    334cross-party cosponsorships
  4. 9Chris Pappas
    Chris Pappas
    D·NH-1HOUSE
    318cross-party cosponsorships
  5. 10Susan M. Collins
    Susan M. Collins
    R·MESENATE
    317cross-party cosponsorships
Show all (10)
Source: Congress.gov118th Congress

Freshman Power Rankings

First-term members of the 118th Congress, ranked by composite activity.

  1. 1Michael Lawler
    Michael Lawler
    R·NY-17HOUSE
    1,926composite score
  2. 2Donald G. Davis
    Donald G. Davis
    D·NC-1HOUSE
    1,469composite score
  3. 3Jill N. Tokuda
    Jill N. Tokuda
    D·HI-2HOUSE
    1,369composite score
  4. 4Yadira Caraveo
    Yadira Caraveo
    D·CO-8HOUSE
    1,033composite score
  5. 5Marcus J. Molinaro
    Marcus J. Molinaro
    R·NY-19HOUSE
    959composite score
  1. 6Daniel S. Goldman
    Daniel S. Goldman
    D·NY-10HOUSE
    879composite score
  2. 7Elijah Crane
    Elijah Crane
    R·AZ-2HOUSE
    847composite score
  3. 8Andrea Salinas
    Andrea Salinas
    D·OR-6HOUSE
    841composite score
  4. 9Zachary Nunn
    Zachary Nunn
    R·IA-3HOUSE
    821composite score
  5. 10Jasmine Crockett
    Jasmine Crockett
    D·TX-30HOUSE
    804composite score
Show all (10)
Source: Congress.gov118th Congress

Closest Re-elections

Members whose last election was decided by the smallest margins.

  1. 1Lauren Boebert
    Lauren Boebert
    R·CO-3HOUSE
    0.17pt margin
  2. 2Jahana Hayes
    Jahana Hayes
    D·CT-5HOUSE
    0.19pt margin
  3. 3John S. Duarte
    John S. Duarte
    R·CA-13HOUSE
    0.42pt margin
  4. 4John James
    John James
    R·MI-10HOUSE
    0.49pt margin
  5. 5Anthony D'Esposito
    Anthony D'Esposito
    R·NY-4HOUSE
    0.56pt margin
  1. 6Yadira Caraveo
    Yadira Caraveo
    D·CO-8HOUSE
    0.69pt margin
  2. 7Zachary Nunn
    Zachary Nunn
    R·IA-3HOUSE
    0.69pt margin
  3. 8Gabe Vasquez
    Gabe Vasquez
    D·NM-2HOUSE
    0.7pt margin
  4. 9Catherine Cortez Masto
    0.78pt margin
  5. 10Marie Gluesenkamp Perez
    0.82pt margin
Show all (10)
118th Congress

Attendance Hall of Fame & Hall of Shame

Who showed up — and who didn't.

Hall of Fame · best 5

  1. 1Erica Lee Carter
    Erica Lee Carter
    D·TX-18HOUSE
    100.0%61 of 61
  2. 2Timothy M. Kennedy
    Timothy M. Kennedy
    D·NY-26HOUSE
    100.0%340 of 340
  3. 3Eleanor Holmes Norton
    100.0%538 of 538
  4. 4Jack Reed
    Jack Reed
    D·RISENATE
    100.0%691 of 691
  5. 5LaMonica McIver
    LaMonica McIver
    D·NJ-10HOUSE
    100.0%77 of 77
  1. 6Susan M. Collins
    Susan M. Collins
    R·MESENATE
    100.0%691 of 691
  2. 7John Thune
    John Thune
    R·SDSENATE
    100.0%691 of 691
  3. 8George S. Helmy
    George S. Helmy
    D·NJSENATE
    100.0%86 of 86
  4. 9Jacky Rosen
    Jacky Rosen
    D·NVSENATE
    99.7%691 of 693
  5. 10Mazie K. Hirono
    Mazie K. Hirono
    D·HISENATE
    99.7%691 of 693
Show all (10)

Hall of Shame · worst 5

  1. 1Aumua Amata Coleman Radewagen
    62.1%329 of 867 missed
  2. 2Dianne Feinstein
    Dianne Feinstein
    D·CASENATE
    67.3%118 of 361 missed
  3. 3Raúl M. Grijalva
    Raúl M. Grijalva
    D·AZ-7HOUSE
    71.1%504 of 1745 missed
  4. 4Sheila Jackson Lee
    Sheila Jackson Lee
    D·TX-18HOUSE
    71.6%429 of 1508 missed
  5. 5James C. Moylan
    James C. Moylan
    R·GUHOUSE
    73.8%191 of 729 missed
  1. 6Dwight Evans
    Dwight Evans
    D·PA-3HOUSE
    75.8%396 of 1637 missed
  2. 7Dean Phillips
    Dean Phillips
    D·MN-3HOUSE
    77.4%363 of 1604 missed
  3. 8Jenniffer González-Colón
    77.7%154 of 692 missed
  4. 9Kay Granger
    Kay Granger
    R·TX-12HOUSE
    79.0%330 of 1571 missed
  5. 10Gregorio Kilili Camacho Sablan
    81.1%125 of 663 missed
Show all (10)
Source: Congress.gov118th Congress
Section 2

Bills Pulse

What Congress is working on, what makes it through, and what dies on the way.

The Mortality Funnel

Only 1.4% of bills introduced in the 118th Congress have become law (274 of 19,315).

Introduced
19,315
Saw action
19,315100%
Passed a chamber
1,6949%
Passed both chambers
1,00960%
Became law
27427%
Source: Congress.gov118th Congress

Time to Pass

Median time from introduction to enactment: 339 days.

< 30 days
13
30–90 days
13
90–180 days
26
180–365 days
93
1–2 years
129
2+ years
0
Range: 0 – 727 days · 274 enacted bills
Source: Congress.gov118th Congress

Policy Area Treemap

19,315 bills across 34 policy areas.

Bills by policy area in 118th Congress (2023-2025)
Health2,377International Affairs1,557Armed Forces and National…1,466Government Operations and…1,415Crime and Law Enforcement1,122Taxation1,067Education860Agriculture and Food852Finance and Financial Sec…745Public Lands and Natural …687
Source: Congress.gov118th Congress

Most Active Bills (last 30 days)

The bills Congress keeps coming back to.

  • S.Res. 925

    A resolution relating to the death of the Honorable Fred R. Harris, former Senator for the State of Oklahoma.

    151.5
    velocity
  • S. 5408

    Roberto Clemente Commemorative Coin Act

    66
    velocity
  • H.R. 2785

    REEF Act

    58.5
    velocity
  • H.Res. 1613

    Recognizing the importance of a continued commitment to ending pediatric HIV/AIDS worldwide.

    47
    velocity
  • H.Res. 1627

    Honoring the life, achievements, legacy, and public service of former President James Earl "Jimmy" Carter, Jr.

    46.5
    velocity
  • H.Res. 1617

    Expressing the sense of the House of Representatives that it is the duty of the Federal Government to dramatically expand and strengthen the care economy.

    45.5
    velocity
  • H.R. 9950

    Miracle on Ice Congressional Gold Medal Act

    37.5
    velocity
  • H.R. 10426

    Protect Intersex Children Act

    37
    velocity
  • H.R. 9716

    Increasing Baseline Updates Act

    36
    velocity
  • H.R. 10340

    CASC Act

    36
    velocity
Source: Congress.gov118th Congress

Most Cosponsored Bills

Which bills built the biggest coalitions.

  • H.Res. 771

    Standing with Israel as it defends itself against the barbaric war launched by Hamas and other terrorists.

    425
    cosponsors
  • H.Res. 768

    Standing with Israel as it defends itself against the barbaric war launched by Hamas and other terrorists.

    381
    cosponsors
  • H.R. 1015

    Dustoff Crews of the Vietnam War Congressional Gold Medal Act

    331
    cosponsors
  • H.R. 82

    Social Security Fairness Act of 2023

    330
    cosponsors
  • H.R. 1282

    Major Richard Star Act

    326
    cosponsors
  • H.R. 2407

    Nancy Gardner Sewell Medicare Multi-Cancer Early Detection Screening Coverage Act

    319
    cosponsors
  • H.R. 1097

    Everett Alvarez, Jr. Congressional Gold Medal Act of 2023

    301
    cosponsors
  • H.R. 1096

    250th Anniversary of the United States Marine Corps Commemorative Coin Act

    301
    cosponsors
  • H.R. 1572

    Hello Girls Congressional Gold Medal Act of 2023

    300
    cosponsors
  • H.R. 807

    Working Dog Commemorative Coin Act

    299
    cosponsors
Source: Congress.gov118th Congress

Bipartisan Magnet Bills

Bills with the most balanced D/R cosponsorship.

  • 1
    S.Res. 406

    A resolution to honor the life and death of Richard Clarence Clark, former Senator for the State of Iowa.

    D48
    R48
    100
    balance
  • 2
    S.Res. 673

    A resolution honoring the life of David Hampton Pryor, former United States Senator for the State of Arkansas.

    D48
    R48
    100
    balance
  • 3
    S.Res. 902

    A resolution relating to the death of Timothy Peter Johnson, former Senator for the State of South Dakota.

    D48
    R48
    100
    balance
  • 4
    S.Res. 668

    A resolution honoring the life of Daniel Robert "Bob" Graham, former Senator for the State of Florida.

    D48
    R48
    100
    balance
  • 5
    S.Res. 110

    A resolution honoring the life and legacy of the late James George Abourezk.

    D48
    R48
    100
    balance
  • 6
    S.Res. 765

    A resolution relating to the death of the Honorable James Mountain Inhofe, former Senator for the State of Oklahoma.

    D48
    R48
    100
    balance
  • 7
    S.Res. 553

    A resolution honoring the life of Jean A. Carnahan, former Senator for the State of Missouri.

    D48
    R48
    100
    balance
  • 8
    S.Res. 888

    A resolution honoring the life of James Ralph Sasser, former Senator for the State of Tennessee.

    D48
    R48
    100
    balance
  • 9
    H.R. 3435

    Charitable Act

    D32
    R32
    100
    balance
  • 10
    S.Res. 604

    A resolution designating March 21, 2024, as "National Women in Agriculture Day".

    D31
    R31
    100
    balance
Source: Congress.gov118th Congress

Chamber Composition

Every member who served at any point during the 118th Congress.

house451
house party composition
  • Democrat221
  • Republican230
senate105
senate party composition
  • Democrat52
  • Independent3
  • Republican50
Source: Congress.gov118th Congress
Section 3

Votes & Polarization

Roll-call patterns, partisan fault lines, and the moments Congress was nearly tied.

Closest Votes

Roll-call votes decided by the smallest margins.

  • 1

    On the Amendment S.Amdt. 3289 to H.R. 9468 (No short title on file)

    senate·Sep 19, 2024
    0
    vote margin
    Yea 47
    47 Nay
  • 2

    On Agreeing to the Amendment

    house·H.R. 8070·Jun 13, 2024
    0
    vote margin
    Yea 212
    212 Nay
  • 3

    On Agreeing to the Amendment

    house·H.R. 7888·Apr 12, 2024
    0
    vote margin
    Yea 212
    212 Nay
  • 4

    Call of the House

    house·Jan 9, 2024
    0
    vote margin
  • 5

    On the Cloture Motion PN588

    senate·Dec 5, 2023
    0
    vote margin
    Yea 50
    50 Nay
  • 6

    On the Nomination PN588

    senate·Dec 5, 2023
    0
    vote margin
    Yea 50
    50 Nay
  • 7

    Election of the Speaker

    house·Oct 25, 2023
    0
    vote margin
  • 8

    Call of the House

    house·Oct 25, 2023
    0
    vote margin
  • 9

    Election of the Speaker

    house·Oct 20, 2023
    0
    vote margin
  • 10

    Call of the House

    house·Oct 20, 2023
    0
    vote margin
Source: Congress.gov118th Congress

Committee Power Index

Committees ranked by bills referred and bills enacted.

Source: Congress.gov118th Congress

Vote Type Breakdown

1,932 roll-call votes by category.

Votes by type in 118th Congress (2023-2025)
amendment645procedural570confirmation460passage178cloture29election19other9adjournment6quorum6impeachment5
Source: Congress.gov118th Congress

VP Tie-Breakers

Times the Vice President cast the deciding vote in the Senate.

7
Tie-breaker votes
Source: Congress.gov118th Congress

Vote Activity Calendar

1,932 roll-call votes over 282 days.

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
SunTueThuSat
Source: Congress.gov118th Congress
Section 4

Find your Vote Twin

The headline interactive — answer 10 real votes, find the member who voted most like you.

Find your Vote Twin

Pick topics, answer 10 real votes, and we'll show you the member of Congress who voted most like you.

Section 5

vs. Previous Congress

118th vs. 117th Congress

Side-by-side, with directional change.

Bills introduced
19,315
vs.
17,828
+8.3%
Became law
274
vs.
365
-24.9%
Roll-call votes
1,932
vs.
1,947
-0.8%