Mr. Speaker, I rise to commend the Lawyers Committee for Human Rights for producing the report entitled ``Fire and Broken Glass: The Rise of Antisemitism in Europe,'' which underscores the commitment of the Lawyers Committee to speak up…
Mr. Speaker, I rise to commend the Lawyers Committee for Human Rights for producing the report entitled ``Fire and Broken Glass: The Rise of Antisemitism in Europe,'' which underscores the commitment of the Lawyers Committee to speak up against human rights abuses wherever they occur, and whatever form they take.
In the report, the Lawyers Committee states forthrightly that ``antisemitism is racism. Antisemitic acts need to be confronted more forcefully and treated as serious violations of international human rights.'' The Lawyers Committee observes that the responsibility of reporting and confronting antisemitism should not be shouldered by Jewish organizations alone; ``their involvement does not relieve governments, the United Nations . . . or private human rights groups of their obligations to address antisemitism as an integral part of their work.''
In pointed remarks concerning the failure of European governments to address the problem, executive director Michael Posner writes, ``Too often European leaders have downplayed antisemitic acts as inevitable side-effects of the current crisis in the Middle East. We reject this reasoning as an abdication of responsibility. Criticism of Israeli policies and practices is not inherently antisemitic. But when such criticisms and related actions take the form of broadside attacks against 'Jews' or the 'Jewish State,' they become racist.''
The report cites recent instances of antisemitism in Europe, laments the failure of European governments to accurately report and engage in action to combat these hate crimes, and makes a series of recommendations for steps the European governments should take. The text of the report follows.
Foreword
A year ago the United Nations convened the third World
Conference on Racism, Racial Discrimination, Xenophobia and
Related Intolerance, in Durban, South Africa. The conference
was intended to highlight particularly serious patterns of
racism and racial discrimination around the world and to
shape appropriate global responses. The meeting succeeded in
raising public attention with respect to some particularly
egregious situations--not least the plight of 250 million
victims of caste discrimination (among them the Dalits of
India--the so-called ``broken people,'' or ``untouchables'').
Further, the conference provided a long overdue
acknowledgment of the criminal nature of slavery (``that
slavery and the slave trade are a crime against humanity and
should always have been'') and recommendations for the repair
of its lasting consequences for people of African descent
around the globe.
The conference also made clear that racism and racial
discrimination need to be placed more squarely on the
international human rights agenda. But what was positive in
the conference process was seriously undermined when the
World Conference itself became the setting for a series of
antisemtic attacks. Directed primarily against
representatives of Jewish groups, these attacks were fueled
by the heated debates at the meeting concerning Israeli
practices in the West Bank and Gaza Strip. But the racist
anti-Jewish animus displayed represented considerably more
than criticism of Israeli policies and practices.
Most of the offensive behavior occurred during meetings of
nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) and individual
participants in a forum that paralleled the intergovernmental
conference. Throughout the five-day NGO forum, antisemitic
cartoons and materials were distributed widely and on
display, tolerated by the forums's nongovernmental
organizers. Representatives from Jewish organizations were
denied access to some meetings--either physically excluded or
shouted down and attacked when they were present and tried to
speak. Efforts to put antisemitism on the nongovernmental
agenda were roundly defeated by an assembly of
representatives and individual participants in procedures
that were neither democratic nor principled.
Rather than serving as a forum for correcting racial and
religious intolerance and hate, the public meetings and
exhibition halls of the Durban conference became a place
where pernicious racism was practiced and tolerated.
Important recommendations adopted by the conference despite
this environment, with a real potential to advance the fight
against antisemitism--and other forms of racism--have as a
consequence received inadequate attention. Some of these
recommendations, concerning government monitoring and
reporting on racist violence, are discussed here.
The outbursts at Durban reflect a growing trend toward
antisemitic expression and violence in many parts of the
world. As this report makes clear, there is an alarming rise
in antisemitic violence in Europe: but it is on the rise in
other parts of the world as well. Unfortunately, with the
notable exception of Jewish organizations and a number of
other human rights and antiracist groups and institutions,
the world communiuty--governments,
intergovernmental organizations, and nongovernmental
organizations alike--has not responded adequately to this
growing problem. Antisemitism is racism. Antisemitic acts
need to be confronted more forcefully and treated as
serious violations of international human rights.
This report highlights the inadequacy of efforts by
European governments to systematically monitor and report on
antisemitic threats and violence--and to develop effective
measures to stop it. We define antisemitism as hatred or
hostility toward or discrimination against Jews as a
religious, ethnic or racial group. Governments and
intergovernmental organizations need to routinely incorporate
facts about antisemitic assaults. arson, vandalism,
desecration of cemeteries, and the proliferation of
antisemitic materials on the internet into a wide range of
existing human rights reporting mechanisms. Though some
Jewish organizations, like the Anti-Defamation League and the
American Jewish Committee, are doing excellent reporting on
these issues, their involvement does not relieve governments,
the United Nations and its regional organizations, or private
human rights groups of their obligations to address
antisemitism as an integral part of their work.
In the pages that follow, we outline the scope of
antisemitism, in Europe and examine some of the efforts by
European governments and institutions to monitor and confront
the problem. In our view these efforts are insufficient. Too
often European leaders have downplayed antisemitic acts as
inevitable side-effects of the current crisis in the Middle
East. We reject this reasoning as an abdication of
responsibility. Criticism of Israeli policies and practices
is not inherently antisemitic. But when such criticisms and
related actions take the form of broadside attacks against
``Jews'' or the ``Jewish State,'' they become racist.
In this report we make a series of recommendations as to
how these abuses can better be investigated and reported in
the future. These recommendations are intended as a starting
point for a much larger discussion about how anti-semitism
and other forms of racism can better be addressed as a more
central element of the global human rights debate. At the end
of last year's Durban meeting, we wrote that ``[t]he subjects
of this conference are the human rights issues of the 21st
century. Racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and
intolerance affect each of us in our own communities. All of
us--governments, the UN, NGOs--must
find constructive way to discuss and combat these problems.''
Events of the last year only underscore the continuing
importance of meeting that challenge, and, with regards to
antisemitism, history emphasizes the urgency of doing so with
force and with vigor. Michael Posner, Executive Director,
August 2002.